Ventana Cave (O'odham: Nakaijegel) is an archaeological site in southern Arizona. It is located on the Tohono O'odham Indian Reservation. The cave was excavated under the direction of Emil Haury by teams led by Julian Hayden in 1942, and in 1941 by a team led by Wilfrid C Bailey, one of Emil Haury's graduate students.[3] The deepest artifacts from Ventana Cave were recovered from a layer of volcanic debris that also contained Pleistocene horse, Burden's pronghorn, tapir, sloth, and other extinct and modern species. A projectile point from the volcanic debris layer was compared to the Folsom Tradition and later to the Clovis culture, but the assemblage was peculiar enough to warrant a separate name – the Ventana Complex. Radiocarbon dates from the volcanic debris layer indicated an age of about 11,300 BP.[4]
Bruce Huckell and C. Vance Haynes restudied the Ventana Cave stratigraphy and artifact assemblage in 1992-1994. New radiocarbon dates and reanalysis of the artifacts indicates that the volcanic debris layer was laid down between 10,500-8,800 BP. Huckel and Haynes hypothesized that vertical turbation (postdepositional disturbance) is responsible for Haury's original interpretation that these extinct fauna were killed with stone tools. "This turbation may have led to the incorporation of bones of extinct fauna from an underlying conglomerate deposit rich in horse remains, creating the impression of their association with artifacts". Huckel and Haynes believe the Ventana Complex is post-Clovis, and not closely related.[5]
^ ab"Ventana Cave". National Historic Landmark summary listing. National Park Service. Retrieved September 27, 2007.
^Haury, Emil (1943). "The Stratigraphy of Ventana Cave, Arizona". American Antiquity. 8 (3): 218–223. doi:10.2307/275901. JSTOR 275901.
^Emil Haury at Ventana Cave, Department of Anthropology, University of Arizona
^Bruce B. Huckell and C. Vance Haynes, Jr., 2003, The Ventana Complex: New Dates and New Ideas on Its Place in Early Holocene Western Prehistory, American Antiquity, Vol. 68, No. 2 (Apr., 2003), pp. 353-371 Abstract
Further readingEdit
E. W. Haury, 1950, The stratigraphy and archaeology of Ventana Cave. Tucson: University of Arizona Press
External linksEdit
[1] Guy E. Gibbon, Kenneth M. Ames, 1998, Archaeology of prehistoric native America: an encyclopedia. Taylor & Francis, 1998. ISBN0-8153-0725-X
August 27, 2023
ventana, cave, odham, nakaijegel, archaeological, site, southern, arizona, located, tohono, odham, indian, reservation, cave, excavated, under, direction, emil, haury, teams, julian, hayden, 1942, 1941, team, wilfrid, bailey, emil, haury, graduate, students, d. Ventana Cave O odham Nakaijegel is an archaeological site in southern Arizona It is located on the Tohono O odham Indian Reservation The cave was excavated under the direction of Emil Haury by teams led by Julian Hayden in 1942 and in 1941 by a team led by Wilfrid C Bailey one of Emil Haury s graduate students 3 The deepest artifacts from Ventana Cave were recovered from a layer of volcanic debris that also contained Pleistocene horse Burden s pronghorn tapir sloth and other extinct and modern species A projectile point from the volcanic debris layer was compared to the Folsom Tradition and later to the Clovis culture but the assemblage was peculiar enough to warrant a separate name the Ventana Complex Radiocarbon dates from the volcanic debris layer indicated an age of about 11 300 BP 4 Ventana CaveU S National Register of Historic PlacesU S National Historic LandmarkVentana CaveShow map of ArizonaShow map of the United StatesLocationPima County Arizona United StatesNearest citySanta Rosa ArizonaCoordinates32 21 N 112 14 W 32 350 N 112 233 W 32 350 112 233NRHP reference No 66000189Significant datesAdded to NRHPOctober 15 1966 1 Designated NHLJanuary 20 1964 2 Bruce Huckell and C Vance Haynes restudied the Ventana Cave stratigraphy and artifact assemblage in 1992 1994 New radiocarbon dates and reanalysis of the artifacts indicates that the volcanic debris layer was laid down between 10 500 8 800 BP Huckel and Haynes hypothesized that vertical turbation postdepositional disturbance is responsible for Haury s original interpretation that these extinct fauna were killed with stone tools This turbation may have led to the incorporation of bones of extinct fauna from an underlying conglomerate deposit rich in horse remains creating the impression of their association with artifacts Huckel and Haynes believe the Ventana Complex is post Clovis and not closely related 5 Ventana Cave was declared a National Historic Landmark in 1964 2 References Edit National Register Information System National Register of Historic Places National Park Service January 23 2007 a b Ventana Cave National Historic Landmark summary listing National Park Service Retrieved September 27 2007 Haury Emil 1943 The Stratigraphy of Ventana Cave Arizona American Antiquity 8 3 218 223 doi 10 2307 275901 JSTOR 275901 Emil Haury at Ventana Cave Department of Anthropology University of Arizona Bruce B Huckell and C Vance Haynes Jr 2003 The Ventana Complex New Dates and New Ideas on Its Place in Early Holocene Western Prehistory American Antiquity Vol 68 No 2 Apr 2003 pp 353 371 AbstractFurther reading EditE W Haury 1950 The stratigraphy and archaeology of Ventana Cave Tucson University of Arizona PressExternal links Edit 1 Guy E Gibbon Kenneth M Ames 1998 Archaeology of prehistoric native America an encyclopedia Taylor amp Francis 1998 ISBN 0 8153 0725 X Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ventana Cave amp oldid 1169591098, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
