The value of Earth, i.e. the net worth of our planet, is a debated concept both in terms of the definition of value, as well as the scope of "Earth". Since most of the planet's substance is not available as a resource, "earth" has been equated with the sum of all ecosystem services as evaluated in ecosystem valuation or full-cost accounting.[1]
The price on the services that the world's ecosystems provide to humans has been estimated in 1997 to be $33 trillion per annum, with a confidence interval of from $16 trillion to $54 trillion.[vague] Compared with the combined gross national product (GNP) of all the countries at about the same time ($18 trillion) ecosystems would appear to be providing 1.8 times as much economic value as people are creating.[2] The result details have been questioned, in particular the GNP, which is believed to be closer to $28 trillion (which makes ecosystem services only 1.2 times as precious), while the basic approach was readily acknowledged.[3] The World Bank gives the total gross domestic product (GDP) in 1997 as $31.435, which would about equal the biosystem value.[4] Criticisms were addressed in a later publication, which gave an estimate of $125 trillion/yr for ecosystem services in 2011, which would make them twice as valuable as the GDP, with a yearly loss of 4.3–20.2 trillion/yr.[5]
^Pimm, Stuart L. (1997). "The value of everything". Nature. 387 (6630): 231–232. Bibcode:1997Natur.387Q.231P. doi:10.1038/387231a0. ISSN 0028-0836. Economists and ecologists have joined forces to estimate the annual value of the services that Earth's ecosystems provide. Most services lie outside the market and are hard to calculate, yet minimum estimates equal or exceed global gross national product.
^Costanza, Robert; d'Arge, Ralph; de Groot, Rudolf; Farber, Stephen; Grasso, Monica; Hannon, Bruce; Limburg, Karin; Naeem, Shahid; O'Neill, Robert V.; Paruelo, Jose; Raskin, Robert G.; Sutton, Paul; van den Belt, Marjan (1997). "The value of the world's ecosystem services and natural capital". Nature. 387 (6630): 253–260. Bibcode:1997Natur.387..253C. doi:10.1038/387253a0. ISSN 0028-0836. S2CID 672256. We have estimated the current economic value of 12 ecosystem services for 16 biomes, based on published studies and a few original calculations. For the entire biosphere, the value (most of which is outside the market) is estimated to be in the range of US$16-54 (1012) per year, with an average of US$33 trillion per year. Because of the nature of the uncertainties, this must be considered a minimum estimate. Global gross national product total is around US$18 trillion per year.
^Pearce, David (1998). "Auditing the Earth:The Value of the World's Ecosystem Services and Natural Capital" (PDF). Environment: Science and Policy for Sustainable Development. 40 (2): 23–28. doi:10.1080/00139159809605092. ISSN 0013-9157.
^Costanza, Robert; de Groot, Rudolf; Sutton, Paul; van der Ploeg, Sander; Anderson, Sharolyn J.; Kubiszewski, Ida; Farber, Stephen; Turner, R. Kerry (2014). "Changes in the global value of ecosystem services". Global Environmental Change. 26: 152–158. doi:10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2014.04.002. ISSN 0959-3780. S2CID 15215236. • Global loss of ecosystem services due to land use change is $US 4.3–20.2 trillion/yr. • Ecoservices contribute more than twice as much to human well-being as global GDP. • Estimates in monetary units are useful to show the relative magnitude of ecoservices. • Valuation of ecosystem services is not the same as commodification or privatization. • Ecosystem services are best considered public goods requiring new institutions.
^"Cost the Earth sources / How we derived financial values for the natural world". Retrieved 2018-06-05. in a world that often focuses on money, it can be a useful tool to help remind us that nature does have a value, and what might be lost if aspects of it disappear.
March 15, 2024
value, earth, value, earth, worth, planet, debated, concept, both, terms, definition, value, well, scope, earth, since, most, planet, substance, available, resource, earth, been, equated, with, ecosystem, services, evaluated, ecosystem, valuation, full, cost, . The value of Earth i e the net worth of our planet is a debated concept both in terms of the definition of value as well as the scope of Earth Since most of the planet s substance is not available as a resource earth has been equated with the sum of all ecosystem services as evaluated in ecosystem valuation or full cost accounting 1 The price on the services that the world s ecosystems provide to humans has been estimated in 1997 to be 33 trillion per annum with a confidence interval of from 16 trillion to 54 trillion vague Compared with the combined gross national product GNP of all the countries at about the same time 18 trillion ecosystems would appear to be providing 1 8 times as much economic value as people are creating 2 The result details have been questioned in particular the GNP which is believed to be closer to 28 trillion which makes ecosystem services only 1 2 times as precious while the basic approach was readily acknowledged 3 The World Bank gives the total gross domestic product GDP in 1997 as 31 435 which would about equal the biosystem value 4 Criticisms were addressed in a later publication which gave an estimate of 125 trillion yr for ecosystem services in 2011 which would make them twice as valuable as the GDP with a yearly loss of 4 3 20 2 trillion yr 5 The BBC has published a website that lists various types of resources on various scales together with their current estimated values from different sources among them BBC Earth and Tony Juniper in collaboration with The United Nations Environment Programme World Conservation Monitoring Centre UNEP WCMC 6 See also editGross world product Willingness to pay Earth Economics Ecological values of mangroves Natural capital Total economic valueReferences edit Pimm Stuart L 1997 The value of everything Nature 387 6630 231 232 Bibcode 1997Natur 387Q 231P doi 10 1038 387231a0 ISSN 0028 0836 Economists and ecologists have joined forces to estimate the annual value of the services that Earth s ecosystems provide Most services lie outside the market and are hard to calculate yet minimum estimates equal or exceed global gross national product Costanza Robert d Arge Ralph de Groot Rudolf Farber Stephen Grasso Monica Hannon Bruce Limburg Karin Naeem Shahid O Neill Robert V Paruelo Jose Raskin Robert G Sutton Paul van den Belt Marjan 1997 The value of the world s ecosystem services and natural capital Nature 387 6630 253 260 Bibcode 1997Natur 387 253C doi 10 1038 387253a0 ISSN 0028 0836 S2CID 672256 We have estimated the current economic value of 12 ecosystem services for 16 biomes based on published studies and a few original calculations For the entire biosphere the value most of which is outside the market is estimated to be in the range of US 16 54 1012 per year with an average of US 33 trillion per year Because of the nature of the uncertainties this must be considered a minimum estimate Global gross national product total is around US 18 trillion per year Pearce David 1998 Auditing the Earth The Value of the World s Ecosystem Services and Natural Capital PDF Environment Science and Policy for Sustainable Development 40 2 23 28 doi 10 1080 00139159809605092 ISSN 0013 9157 GDP current US Data Retrieved 2018 06 06 Costanza Robert de Groot Rudolf Sutton Paul van der Ploeg Sander Anderson Sharolyn J Kubiszewski Ida Farber Stephen Turner R Kerry 2014 Changes in the global value of ecosystem services Global Environmental Change 26 152 158 doi 10 1016 j gloenvcha 2014 04 002 ISSN 0959 3780 S2CID 15215236 Global loss of ecosystem services due to land use change is US 4 3 20 2 trillion yr Ecoservices contribute more than twice as much to human well being as global GDP Estimates in monetary units are useful to show the relative magnitude of ecoservices Valuation of ecosystem services is not the same as commodification or privatization Ecosystem services are best considered public goods requiring new institutions Cost the Earth sources How we derived financial values for the natural world Retrieved 2018 06 05 in a world that often focuses on money it can be a useful tool to help remind us that nature does have a value and what might be lost if aspects of it disappear Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Value of Earth amp oldid 1139144101, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
