The Usa (Russian: Уса́; Komi: Усва, Usva) is a river in the northeast corner of European Russia that drains the Polar Urals southwest into the Pechora. The Polar Urals tend to the northeast and the Usa runs parallel to them. It is in the Komi Republic of Russia and the largest tributary of the Pechora, which it joins from the right. It is 565 kilometres (351 mi) long, with a drainage basin of 93,600 square kilometres (36,100 sq mi).[1]
The Usa has an average discharge of 1,310 cubic metres per second (46,000 cu ft/s), but this varies from a maximum of 21,500 cubic metres per second (760,000 cu ft/s) in June to a minimum of 43.9 cubic metres per second (1,550 cu ft/s) in April.
The Usa valley has been inhabited for 40,000 years, as evidenced by the archaeological site Mamontovaya Kurya (Russian: Мамонтовой Курьи, "the mammoth curve").[2]
With the Russian conquest of Siberia it became one of the main routes into Siberia. The route ran from the Pechora, which connects to other rivers in northern Russia, up the Usa, across the low Kamen Portage and down the Sob River to Ob River where there were customhouses at the Sob barrier and Obdorsk. During the short summer season this route was preferred by west-bound travellers since most of the sailing was down-river. For other Ural crossings see Verkhoturye.
Courseedit
The river has its sources in the northern Ural Mountains, at the southern end of the Polar Urals, and it flows towards the southwest, roughly parallel to the mountain range. The main river is formed by the confluence of the Bolshaya Usa (Large Usa) and the Malaya Usa (Little Usa) some 30 km east of Vorkuta. The two tributaries are steep, with many rapids and waterfalls. After the confluence the main river is calm, with only a few rapids in its upper sections. Its banks here are high and cliff-like, but further downriver they become lower, wooded and boggy, except for a section around the settlement of Adak (Russian: Адак), where the river cuts through the Chernyshov Hills.
Below the settlement of Sivomaskinsky (Russian: Сивомаскинский) the river gets much wider, and in its lower reaches it is from 700 to 2,000 metres (2,300 to 6,600 ft) wide. It also starts forming meanders and sand islands, and it keeps this appearance all the way to its mouth. Some 30 kilometres (19 mi) from its mouth lies the town of Usinsk and the river port of Parma. The Usa flows into the Pechora River at the settlement of Ust-Usa.
It freezes over in October or November and is icebound until the spring thaw begins in May or June. Its largest tributaries are, from the left: Yelets, Lemva, Bolshaya Synya, Bolshoy Kochmes and Kosyu, and from the right: Vorkuta, Syoyda, Adzva and Kolva.
The river is navigable 325 kilometres (202 mi) upstream from its mouth, and there are river ports at Abez, Petrun, Makarikha, Parma and Ust-Usa. Within the Usa basin is the large Pechora coalfield, and in its lower parts, by the town of Usinsk, there are several big petroleum and natural gas fields.
^"Река Уса in the State Water Register of Russia". textual.ru (in Russian).
^Pavlov, Pavel; John Inge Svendsen; Svein Indrelid (6 Sep 2001). "Human presence in the European Arctic nearly 40,000 years ago". Nature. 413 (6851): 64–67. doi:10.1038/35092552. PMID 11544525.
April 12, 2024
pechora, russian, Уса, komi, Усва, usva, river, northeast, corner, european, russia, that, drains, polar, urals, southwest, into, pechora, polar, urals, tend, northeast, runs, parallel, them, komi, republic, russia, largest, tributary, pechora, which, joins, f. The Usa Russian Usa Komi Usva Usva is a river in the northeast corner of European Russia that drains the Polar Urals southwest into the Pechora The Polar Urals tend to the northeast and the Usa runs parallel to them It is in the Komi Republic of Russia and the largest tributary of the Pechora which it joins from the right It is 565 kilometres 351 mi long with a drainage basin of 93 600 square kilometres 36 100 sq mi 1 UsaMouth location in the Komi RepublicLocationCountryKomi Republic RussiaPhysical characteristicsSource locationThe northern Ural MountainsMouthPechora coordinates65 57 55 N 56 56 01 E 65 9653 N 56 9336 E 65 9653 56 9336Length565 km 351 mi Basin size93 600 km2 36 100 sq mi Discharge average1 310 m3 s 46 000 cu ft s Basin featuresProgressionPechora Barents SeaThe Usa has an average discharge of 1 310 cubic metres per second 46 000 cu ft s but this varies from a maximum of 21 500 cubic metres per second 760 000 cu ft s in June to a minimum of 43 9 cubic metres per second 1 550 cu ft s in April Contents 1 History 2 Course 3 See also 4 ReferencesHistory editThe Usa valley has been inhabited for 40 000 years as evidenced by the archaeological site Mamontovaya Kurya Russian Mamontovoj Kuri the mammoth curve 2 With the Russian conquest of Siberia it became one of the main routes into Siberia The route ran from the Pechora which connects to other rivers in northern Russia up the Usa across the low Kamen Portage and down the Sob River to Ob River where there were customhouses at the Sob barrier and Obdorsk During the short summer season this route was preferred by west bound travellers since most of the sailing was down river For other Ural crossings see Verkhoturye Course editThe river has its sources in the northern Ural Mountains at the southern end of the Polar Urals and it flows towards the southwest roughly parallel to the mountain range The main river is formed by the confluence of the Bolshaya Usa Large Usa and the Malaya Usa Little Usa some 30 km east of Vorkuta The two tributaries are steep with many rapids and waterfalls After the confluence the main river is calm with only a few rapids in its upper sections Its banks here are high and cliff like but further downriver they become lower wooded and boggy except for a section around the settlement of Adak Russian Adak where the river cuts through the Chernyshov Hills Below the settlement of Sivomaskinsky Russian Sivomaskinskij the river gets much wider and in its lower reaches it is from 700 to 2 000 metres 2 300 to 6 600 ft wide It also starts forming meanders and sand islands and it keeps this appearance all the way to its mouth Some 30 kilometres 19 mi from its mouth lies the town of Usinsk and the river port of Parma The Usa flows into the Pechora River at the settlement of Ust Usa It freezes over in October or November and is icebound until the spring thaw begins in May or June Its largest tributaries are from the left Yelets Lemva Bolshaya Synya Bolshoy Kochmes and Kosyu and from the right Vorkuta Syoyda Adzva and Kolva The river is navigable 325 kilometres 202 mi upstream from its mouth and there are river ports at Abez Petrun Makarikha Parma and Ust Usa Within the Usa basin is the large Pechora coalfield and in its lower parts by the town of Usinsk there are several big petroleum and natural gas fields See also editList of rivers of RussiaReferences edit Reka Usa in the State Water Register of Russia textual ru in Russian Pavlov Pavel John Inge Svendsen Svein Indrelid 6 Sep 2001 Human presence in the European Arctic nearly 40 000 years ago Nature 413 6851 64 67 doi 10 1038 35092552 PMID 11544525 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Usa Pechora amp oldid 1215395100, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
