Urea nitrogen is the end product of breakdown of proteins in the body. In individuals with normal kidney and liver functions, urea is excreted via urine.
Indication for testingedit
By testing for UUN, clinicians can assess one's nitrogen balance. Calculating nitrogen balance is a useful tool in assessing adequacy of protein provision in clinical setting in:
Patients with questionable protein intake.
Patients with confirmed or suspected protein digestion and absorption problems.
Patients with increased metabolic demand due to catabolic disease status.
UUN is determined from 24-hour urine collection. Along with UUN, values for BUN, protein content of diet, enteral or parenteral nutrition, and notable outputs other than urine (gastric residual, fistula output, drainages) are needed to calculate nitrogen balance. Nitrogen Balance = Protein intake/6.25- (UN + 4*) * For average loss via sweat and feces.
Interpretationsedit
Nitrogen balance value of 0 indicates maintenance.
If nitrogen balance is negative, nutrition intervention should address increased protein provision until equilibrium achieved.
When test is not appropriateedit
As UUN test is based on 24-hour urine, in individuals with kidney disease with less than 1000 ml urine out/day or on dialysis, this test cannot be applied.
Gerber GS, Brendler CB. Evaluation of the urologic patient: history, physical examination, and urinalysis. In: Wein AJ, Kavoussi LR, Novick AC, et al., eds. Campbell-Walsh Urology. 10th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Elsevier Saunders; 2011:chap 3.
McPherson RA, Ben-Ezra J. Basic examination of urine. In: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. Henry’s Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. 22nd ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Elsevier Saunders; 2011:chap 28.
William M Rand, Peter L Pellett, and Vernon R Young. Meta-analysis of nitrogen balance studies for estimating protein requirements in healthy adults. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003; 77(1): 109-127
Hoffer L John. Protein and energy provision in critical illness. Am J Clin Nutr. 2003; 78: 906-911
Frank N. Konstantinides. Nitrogen Balance Studies in Clinical Nutrition. Nutr Clin Pract. 1992; 7: 231-238
April 18, 2024
urine, urea, nitrogen, this, article, includes, list, references, related, reading, external, links, sources, remain, unclear, because, lacks, inline, citations, please, help, improve, this, article, introducing, more, precise, citations, july, 2014, learn, wh. This article includes a list of references related reading or external links but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations Please help improve this article by introducing more precise citations July 2014 Learn how and when to remove this template message UUN redirects here For the chemical element provisionally known as Ununnilium Uun see Darmstadtium Urine urea nitrogen UUN refers to a test that measures the urine urea to assess nitrogen balance Urine urea nitrogenPurposeassess nitrogen balance Contents 1 Chemical structure 2 Indication for testing 3 Calculation of nitrogen balance 4 Interpretations 5 When test is not appropriate 6 See also 7 ReferencesChemical structure editUrea nitrogen is the end product of breakdown of proteins in the body In individuals with normal kidney and liver functions urea is excreted via urine Indication for testing editBy testing for UUN clinicians can assess one s nitrogen balance Calculating nitrogen balance is a useful tool in assessing adequacy of protein provision in clinical setting in Patients with questionable protein intake Patients with confirmed or suspected protein digestion and absorption problems Patients with increased metabolic demand due to catabolic disease status Patients on long term enteral nutrition or parenteral nutrition Calculation of nitrogen balance editUUN is determined from 24 hour urine collection Along with UUN values for BUN protein content of diet enteral or parenteral nutrition and notable outputs other than urine gastric residual fistula output drainages are needed to calculate nitrogen balance Nitrogen Balance Protein intake 6 25 UN 4 For average loss via sweat and feces Interpretations editNitrogen balance value of 0 indicates maintenance If nitrogen balance is negative nutrition intervention should address increased protein provision until equilibrium achieved When test is not appropriate editAs UUN test is based on 24 hour urine in individuals with kidney disease with less than 1000 ml urine out day or on dialysis this test cannot be applied See also editBlood urea nitrogenReferences editGerber GS Brendler CB Evaluation of the urologic patient history physical examination and urinalysis In Wein AJ Kavoussi LR Novick AC et al eds Campbell Walsh Urology 10th ed Philadelphia Pa Elsevier Saunders 2011 chap 3 McPherson RA Ben Ezra J Basic examination of urine In McPherson RA Pincus MR eds Henry s Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods 22nd ed Philadelphia Pa Elsevier Saunders 2011 chap 28 William M Rand Peter L Pellett and Vernon R Young Meta analysis of nitrogen balance studies for estimating protein requirements in healthy adults Am J Clin Nutr 2003 77 1 109 127 Hoffer L John Protein and energy provision in critical illness Am J Clin Nutr 2003 78 906 911 Frank N Konstantinides Nitrogen Balance Studies in Clinical Nutrition Nutr Clin Pract 1992 7 231 238 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Urine urea nitrogen amp oldid 991265903, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
