Universal Systems Language (USL) is a systems modeling language and formal method for the specification and design of software and other complex systems. It was designed by Margaret Hamilton based on her experiences writing flight software for the Apollo program.[1] The language is implemented through the 001 Tool Suite software by Hamilton Technologies, Inc.[2] USL evolved from 001AXES which in turn evolved from AXES all of which are based on Hamilton's axioms of control. The 001 Tool Suite uses the preventive concept of Development Before the Fact (DBTF) for its life-cycle development process. DBTF eliminates errors as early as possible during the development process removing the need to look for errors after-the-fact.
USL was inspired by Hamilton's recognition of patterns or categories of errors occurring during Apollo software development.[3][4]
Certain correctness guarantees are embedded in the USL grammar.[5]
USL is regarded by some users as more user-friendly than other formal systems.[6] It is not only a formalism for software, but also defines ontologies for common elements of problem domains, such as physical space and event timing.
Primitive structures are universal in that they are able to be used to derive new abstract universal structures, functions or types. The process of deriving new objects (i.e., structures, types and functions) is equivalent to the process of deriving new types in a constructive type theory.
Figure. 1 The three primitive control structures and their rules form a universal foundation for constructing maps in the domains of time and space as FMaps and TMaps
Implementation
The process of developing a software system with USL together with its automation, the 001 Tool Suite (001), is as follows: define the system with USL, automatically analyze the definition with 001's analyzer to ensure that USL was used correctly, automatically generate much of the design and all of the implementation code with 001's generator.[9][10][11][12] USL can be used to lend its formal support to other languages.[13]
^Margaret H. Hamilton, Hamilton Technologies (September 27, 2012). ""Universal Systems Language and its Automation, the 001 Tool Suite, for Designing and Building Systems and Software" Lockheed Martin/IEEE Computer Society Webinar Series".
^Hamilton, Margaret H. (2018). "What the Errors Tell Us". IEEE Software. 35 (5): 32–37. doi:10.1109/MS.2018.290110447. ISSN 0740-7459. S2CID 52896962.
^Dolha, Steve, Chiste, Dave, "A Remote Query System for the Web: Managing the Development of Distributed Systems.", Chapter 32, Internet Management, Editor Jessica Keyes, Auerbach, 2000.
^Krut, Jr., B., "Integrating 001 Tool Support in the Feature-Oriented Domain Analysis Methodology" (CMU/SEI-93-TR-11, ESC-TR-93-188), Pittsburgh, SEI, Carnegie Mellon University, 1993.
^Hamilton, M., "Inside Development Before the Fact", cover story, Special Editorial Supplement, 8ES-24ES. Electronic Design, Apr. 1994.
^Hamilton, M., "001: A FULL LIFE CYCLE SYSTEMS ENGINEERING AND SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT Development Before The Fact In Action", cover story, Special Editorial Supplement, 8ES-24ES. Electronic Design, Apr. 1994.
^Ouyang, M., Golay, M.W. 1995, An Integrated Formal Approach for Developing High Quality Software of Safety-Critical Systems, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, Report No. MIT-ANP-TR-035.
^Software Productivity Consortium, (SPC) (1998), Object-Oriented Methods and Tools Survey, Herndon, VA.SPC-98022-MC, Version 02.00.02, December 1998.
^* Department of Defense (1992). Software engineering tools experiment-Final report, Vol. 1, Experiment Summary, Table 1, p. 9. Strategic Defense Initiative, Washington, D.C.
^Hamilton, M. Hackler, W.R., "A Formal Universal Systems Semantics for SysML, 17th Annual International Symposium, INCOSE 2007, San Diego, CA, June 2007.
Further reading
Hamilton, M., Zeldin, S. (1976), "Higher Order Software — A Methodology for Defining Software," IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering, vol. SE-2, no. 1, Mar. 1976.
Hamilton, M. (April 1994). "Inside Development Before the Fact". (Cover story). Special Editorial Supplement. 8ES-24ES. Electronic Design.
Hamilton, M. (June 1994). "001: A Full Life Cycle Systems Engineering and Software Development Environment". (Cover story). Special Editorial Supplement. 22ES-30ES. Electronic Design.
Hamilton, M., Hackler, W.R.. (2004), Deeply Integrated Guidance Navigation Unit (DI-GNU) Common Software Architecture Principles (revised dec-29-04), DAAAE30-02-D-1020 and DAAB07-98-D-H502/0180, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ, 2003–2004.
Hamilton, M. and Hackler, W.R. (2007), "Universal Systems Language for Preventative Systems Engineering," Proc. 5th Ann. Conf. Systems Eng. Res. (CSER), Stevens Institute of Technology, Mar. 2007, paper #36.
Hamilton, M.; Hackler, W. R. (2007). "A Formal Universal Systems Semantics for SysML". 17th Annual International Symposium, INCOSE 2007, San Diego, CA, Jun. 2007.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Universal Systems Language.
Hamilton Technologies
January 08, 2023
universal, systems, language, systems, modeling, language, formal, method, specification, design, software, other, complex, systems, designed, margaret, hamilton, based, experiences, writing, flight, software, apollo, program, language, implemented, through, t. Universal Systems Language USL is a systems modeling language and formal method for the specification and design of software and other complex systems It was designed by Margaret Hamilton based on her experiences writing flight software for the Apollo program 1 The language is implemented through the 001 Tool Suite software by Hamilton Technologies Inc 2 USL evolved from 001AXES which in turn evolved from AXES all of which are based on Hamilton s axioms of control The 001 Tool Suite uses the preventive concept of Development Before the Fact DBTF for its life cycle development process DBTF eliminates errors as early as possible during the development process removing the need to look for errors after the fact Contents 1 Philosophy 2 Formalism for a theory of control 3 Implementation 4 See also 5 References 6 Further reading 7 External linksPhilosophy EditUSL was inspired by Hamilton s recognition of patterns or categories of errors occurring during Apollo software development 3 4 Certain correctness guarantees are embedded in the USL grammar 5 USL is regarded by some users as more user friendly than other formal systems 6 It is not only a formalism for software but also defines ontologies for common elements of problem domains such as physical space and event timing Formalism for a theory of control Edit 7 8 Primitive structures are universal in that they are able to be used to derive new abstract universal structures functions or types The process of deriving new objects i e structures types and functions is equivalent to the process of deriving new types in a constructive type theory Figure 1 The three primitive control structures and their rules form a universal foundation for constructing maps in the domains of time and space as FMaps and TMapsImplementation EditThe process of developing a software system with USL together with its automation the 001 Tool Suite 001 is as follows define the system with USL automatically analyze the definition with 001 s analyzer to ensure that USL was used correctly automatically generate much of the design and all of the implementation code with 001 s generator 9 10 11 12 USL can be used to lend its formal support to other languages 13 See also EditSystems philosophy IDEF Model driven architecture Systems Modeling Language Object Process MethodologyReferences Edit M Hamilton and W R Hackler Universal Systems Language Lessons Learned from Apollo IEEE Computer Dec 2008 001 Tool Suite 1986 2020 Margaret H Hamilton Hamilton Technologies September 27 2012 Universal Systems Language and its Automation the 001 Tool Suite for Designing and Building Systems and Software Lockheed Martin IEEE Computer Society Webinar Series Hamilton Margaret H 2018 What the Errors Tell Us IEEE Software 35 5 32 37 doi 10 1109 MS 2018 290110447 ISSN 0740 7459 S2CID 52896962 Dolha Steve Chiste Dave A Remote Query System for the Web Managing the Development of Distributed Systems Chapter 32 Internet Management Editor Jessica Keyes Auerbach 2000 Krut Jr B Integrating 001 Tool Support in the Feature Oriented Domain Analysis Methodology CMU SEI 93 TR 11 ESC TR 93 188 Pittsburgh SEI Carnegie Mellon University 1993 Hamilton M Inside Development Before the Fact cover story Special Editorial Supplement 8ES 24ES Electronic Design Apr 1994 Hamilton M 001 A FULL LIFE CYCLE SYSTEMS ENGINEERING AND SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT Development Before The Fact In Action cover story Special Editorial Supplement 8ES 24ES Electronic Design Apr 1994 Ouyang M Golay M W 1995 An Integrated Formal Approach for Developing High Quality Software of Safety Critical Systems Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge Massachusetts Report No MIT ANP TR 035 Software Productivity Consortium SPC 1998 Object Oriented Methods and Tools Survey Herndon VA SPC 98022 MC Version 02 00 02 December 1998 Max Schindler 1990 Computer Aided Software Design John Wiley amp Sons 1990 Department of Defense 1992 Software engineering tools experiment Final report Vol 1 Experiment Summary Table 1 p 9 Strategic Defense Initiative Washington D C Hamilton M Hackler W R A Formal Universal Systems Semantics for SysML 17th Annual International Symposium INCOSE 2007 San Diego CA June 2007 Further reading EditHamilton M Zeldin S 1976 Higher Order Software A Methodology for Defining Software IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering vol SE 2 no 1 Mar 1976 Hamilton M April 1994 Inside Development Before the Fact Cover story Special Editorial Supplement 8ES 24ES Electronic Design Hamilton M June 1994 001 A Full Life Cycle Systems Engineering and Software Development Environment Cover story Special Editorial Supplement 22ES 30ES Electronic Design Hamilton M Hackler W R 2004 Deeply Integrated Guidance Navigation Unit DI GNU Common Software Architecture Principles revised dec 29 04 DAAAE30 02 D 1020 and DAAB07 98 D H502 0180 Picatinny Arsenal NJ 2003 2004 Hamilton M and Hackler W R 2007 Universal Systems Language for Preventative Systems Engineering Proc 5th Ann Conf Systems Eng Res CSER Stevens Institute of Technology Mar 2007 paper 36 Hamilton M Hackler W R 2007 A Formal Universal Systems Semantics for SysML 17th Annual International Symposium INCOSE 2007 San Diego CA Jun 2007 External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to Universal Systems Language Hamilton Technologies Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Universal Systems Language amp oldid 1107638595, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
