The elm cultivarUlmus 'Turkestanica' was first described by Regel as U. turkestanica in Dieck, Hauptcat. Baumschul. Zöschen (1883)[1] and in Gartenflora (1884).[2][3] Regel himself stressed that "U. turkestanica was only a preliminary name given by me; I regard this as a form of U. suberosa" [:U. minor ].[2]Litvinov (Schedae ad Herbarium Florae Rossicae, 1908) considered U. turkestanica Regel a variety of his U. densa (now considered in Russia a form of field elm[4][5]), adding that its fruits were "like those of U. foliacea Gilibert" [:U. minor].[6][7]
'Turkestanica' was distributed in Europe as U. turkestanica Regel by the Späth nursery of Berlin from c.1890,[8][9][10] in whose catalogues it was listed separately from U. pinnato-ramosa, now U. pumila 'Pinnato-ramosa', and from U. campestris umbraculifera,[11] with both of which it was later confused – the former by Elwes and Henry, the latter (as U. 'Turkestanica') by Green.[12]
Späth in his catalogues described U. turkestanica Regel as "a densely growing, small-leaved tree".[10][11] Litvinov (1908) noted that it had branchlets like those of Ulmus pumila but typical field-elm fruit, up to 2 cm long by 1.2 cm wide.[6][7]Melville noted (1958) that the specimen of U. turkestanica at Kew had "frond-like leading shoots".[13]
Pests and diseases
Not known.
Cultivation
One tree was planted as U. turkestanica Regel, 'Turkestan Elm', in 1899 at the Dominion Arboretum, Ottawa, Canada, where it was distinguished from U. pinnato-ramosa.[14] A specimen of U. turkestanica Regel was present at Kew from the early 20th century to at least the 1950s, again distinguished from U. pinnato-ramosa.[15][13] Three U. turkestanica Regel (as well as three 'Pinnato-ramosa') were supplied in 1902 by Späth to the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh.[16][17] One was planted at the Benmore garden in Argyll in 1902, and survives (2020) as a sucker or cutting of the original. Following Green's confusion of 'Turkestanica' and 'Umbraculifera', the Benmore tree was believed for a time to be 'Umbraculifera'. 'Umbraculifera', however, though present in Späth's catalogues, does not appear in the RBGE 1902 accessions list from Späth. Being grafted, it does not sucker. In 2004 the tree was again misidentified by the Garden as U. pumila L. var. arborea Litv. (a synonym of 'Pinnato-ramosa'), though the leaves do not match those of the latter cultivar.[18][19] Its original name was restored in 2020.[17] An U. turkestanica stood till 1993 in RBGE itself, near the U. pinnato-ramosa. This was also a small tree; it produced suckers, and may itself have been sucker regrowth from tree C2697, one of the 1902 'Turkestanica' Regel from Späth.[13] A specimen of 'Turkestanica' Regel stood in the Arboretum national des Barres, Nogent-sur-Vernisson, France, in the 20th century, where it was distinguished from 'Pinnato-ramosa'. It was listed there under the queried synonym of Ulmus campestris turkestanica, suggesting that the Arboretum thought it possibly a field elm cultivar.[20]
A 'Turkestanica' obtained from Späth before 1914, and planted in 1916, stood in the Ryston Hall arboretum, Norfolk,[21] in the early 20th century. (The arboretum's list includes 'Umbraculifera' but not 'Pinnato-ramosa'.[22]) A 'Turkestanica' (listed separately from 'Umbraculifera'), "a compact grower with smallish leaves", appeared in early 20th-century catalogues of the Gembrook or Nobelius Nursery near Melbourne, Australia.[23] The description is the one used by Späth for U. turkestanica Regel.[10] 'Pinnato-ramosa' (not in the Nobelius catalogue) is, by contrast, a rather loosely-branched tree,[24] so the Nobelius introduction may have been Regel's tree.
By the 1930s, when 'Pinnato-ramosa' was being recommended as resistant to early-strain Dutch elm disease,[25] the "Turkestan elm" in nursery lists, as descriptions show, was usually the Siberian elm cultivar, not Regel's tree.[26] The Hesse Nursery of Weener, Germany, sold an "Ulmus turkestanica Reg." in the 1930s, but gave U. pumila arborea Litv., another name for 'Pinnato-ramosa', as a synonym.[27]
Putative specimens
A tall suckering field elm with leaves closely matching those of the Benmore specimen, and with the "frond-like leading shoots" described by Melville, stands in Carlton Terrace Gardens, Edinburgh, above Carlton Terrace Brae.
^Moscow State University herbarium, Specimen MW0591858, plant.depo.msu.ru
^Moscow State University herbarium, Specimen MW0591857, plant.depo.msu.ru
^ abSchedae ad Herbarium Florae Rossicae, 1908; 6: 164
^ abcSargent, Charles Sprague, ed., Plantae Wilsonianae: an enumeration of the woody plants collected in western China for the Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University during the years 1907, 1908, and 1910 by E. H. Wilson (Cambridge, Mass., 1917), vol.3, p.262
^Tree mislabelled U. pumila L. var. arborea, originally 'Ulmus turkestanica' Regel, RBGE (Benmore), herbarium specimen E00212438, Acc. no. 19021007B (1902, n.1007, Benmore) from Späth, data.rbge.org.uk
^RBGE herbarium specimen of 'Turkestanica' Regel, E00824837, data.rbge.org.uk
^ abLéon, Pardé (1906). Arboretum national des Barres. Énumération des végétaux ligneux indigènes et exotiques qui y sont cultivées. Paris. p. 250. Retrieved 23 August 2018.
"Herbarium specimen - L.1582474". Botany catalogues. Naturalis Biodiversity Center. Labelled U. turkestanica Regel, from Späth; The Hague specimen (1931)
"Herbarium specimen - L.1582473". Botany catalogues. Naturalis Biodiversity Center. Labelled U. turkestanica Regel, from Späth; Kew Gardens specimen, long shoot
"Herbarium specimen - L.1582310". Botany catalogues. Naturalis Biodiversity Center. Labelled U. turkestanica, from Späth (1902); RBG Edinburgh specimen (1959)
"Herbarium specimen - E00824837". Herbarium Catalogue. Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh. Labelled U. turkestanica, from Späth (1902); RBG Edinburgh specimen (1959)
"Herbarium specimen - L.1582318". Botany catalogues. Naturalis Biodiversity Center. Ulmus, formerly labelled U. turkestanica; Wageningen Arboretum specimen (1929)
January 26, 2023
ulmus, turkestanica, cultivar, first, described, regel, turkestanica, dieck, hauptcat, baumschul, zöschen, 1883, gartenflora, 1884, regel, himself, stressed, that, turkestanica, only, preliminary, name, given, regard, this, form, suberosa, minor, litvinov, sch. The elm cultivar Ulmus Turkestanica was first described by Regel as U turkestanica in Dieck Hauptcat Baumschul Zoschen 1883 1 and in Gartenflora 1884 2 3 Regel himself stressed that U turkestanica was only a preliminary name given by me I regard this as a form of U suberosa U minor 2 Litvinov Schedae ad Herbarium Florae Rossicae 1908 considered U turkestanica Regel a variety of his U densa now considered in Russia a form of field elm 4 5 adding that its fruits were like those of U foliacea Gilibert U minor 6 7 Ulmus Turkestanica GenusUlmusCultivar Turkestanica OriginTurkestan Turkestanica was distributed in Europe as U turkestanica Regel by the Spath nursery of Berlin from c 1890 8 9 10 in whose catalogues it was listed separately from U pinnato ramosa now U pumila Pinnato ramosa and from U campestris umbraculifera 11 with both of which it was later confused the former by Elwes and Henry the latter as U Turkestanica by Green 12 Contents 1 Description 2 Pests and diseases 3 Cultivation 3 1 Putative specimens 4 Synonymy 5 Accessions 5 1 Europe 5 2 North America 6 References 7 External linksDescription EditSpath in his catalogues described U turkestanica Regel as a densely growing small leaved tree 10 11 Litvinov 1908 noted that it had branchlets like those of Ulmus pumila but typical field elm fruit up to 2 cm long by 1 2 cm wide 6 7 Melville noted 1958 that the specimen of U turkestanica at Kew had frond like leading shoots 13 Pests and diseases EditNot known Cultivation EditOne tree was planted as U turkestanica Regel Turkestan Elm in 1899 at the Dominion Arboretum Ottawa Canada where it was distinguished from U pinnato ramosa 14 A specimen of U turkestanica Regel was present at Kew from the early 20th century to at least the 1950s again distinguished from U pinnato ramosa 15 13 Three U turkestanica Regel as well as three Pinnato ramosa were supplied in 1902 by Spath to the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh 16 17 One was planted at the Benmore garden in Argyll in 1902 and survives 2020 as a sucker or cutting of the original Following Green s confusion of Turkestanica and Umbraculifera the Benmore tree was believed for a time to be Umbraculifera Umbraculifera however though present in Spath s catalogues does not appear in the RBGE 1902 accessions list from Spath Being grafted it does not sucker In 2004 the tree was again misidentified by the Garden as U pumila L var arborea Litv a synonym of Pinnato ramosa though the leaves do not match those of the latter cultivar 18 19 Its original name was restored in 2020 17 An U turkestanica stood till 1993 in RBGE itself near the U pinnato ramosa This was also a small tree it produced suckers and may itself have been sucker regrowth from tree C2697 one of the 1902 Turkestanica Regel from Spath 13 A specimen of Turkestanica Regel stood in the Arboretum national des Barres Nogent sur Vernisson France in the 20th century where it was distinguished from Pinnato ramosa It was listed there under the queried synonym of Ulmus campestris turkestanica suggesting that the Arboretum thought it possibly a field elm cultivar 20 A Turkestanica obtained from Spath before 1914 and planted in 1916 stood in the Ryston Hall arboretum Norfolk 21 in the early 20th century The arboretum s list includes Umbraculifera but not Pinnato ramosa 22 A Turkestanica listed separately from Umbraculifera a compact grower with smallish leaves appeared in early 20th century catalogues of the Gembrook or Nobelius Nursery near Melbourne Australia 23 The description is the one used by Spath for U turkestanica Regel 10 Pinnato ramosa not in the Nobelius catalogue is by contrast a rather loosely branched tree 24 so the Nobelius introduction may have been Regel s tree By the 1930s when Pinnato ramosa was being recommended as resistant to early strain Dutch elm disease 25 the Turkestan elm in nursery lists as descriptions show was usually the Siberian elm cultivar not Regel s tree 26 The Hesse Nursery of Weener Germany sold an Ulmus turkestanica Reg in the 1930s but gave U pumila arborea Litv another name for Pinnato ramosa as a synonym 27 Putative specimens Edit A tall suckering field elm with leaves closely matching those of the Benmore specimen and with the frond like leading shoots described by Melville stands in Carlton Terrace Gardens Edinburgh above Carlton Terrace Brae Possible Turkestanica Edinburgh 2016 Bole and suckers Pressed autumn leaves Spring silhouette Samara Young trees grown from suckers showing frond like leading shootsSynonymy EditUlmus suberosa var turkestanica 2 Ulmus campestris turkestanica 20 Ulmus campestris var laevis Regel 1879 28 Litvinov 1908 7 Accessions EditEurope Edit Royal Botanic Garden Benmore UK as U turkestanica Regel Acc no 19021007 17 North America Edit Dominion Arboretum Ottawa Ontario Canada Accession no 2626References Edit Haupt catalog der obst und geholzbaumschulen des ritterguts ts Zoschen bei Merseburg 1883 p 36 a b c Literatur Gartenflora 33 28 1884 Elwes Henry John Henry Augustine 1913 The Trees of Great Britain amp Ireland Vol 7 pp 1926 1927 Moscow State University herbarium Specimen MW0591858 plant depo msu ru Moscow State University herbarium Specimen MW0591857 plant depo msu ru a b Schedae ad Herbarium Florae Rossicae 1908 6 164 a b c Sargent Charles Sprague ed Plantae Wilsonianae an enumeration of the woody plants collected in western China for the Arnold Arboretum of Harvard University during the years 1907 1908 and 1910 by E H Wilson Cambridge Mass 1917 vol 3 p 262 Spath L Catalogue 79 1890 91 Berlin p 114 Spath L Catalogue 89 1892 93 Berlin p 116 a b c Spath L Catalogue 104 1899 1900 Berlin p 134 a b Katalog PDF Vol 108 Berlin Germany L Spath Baumschulenweg 1902 1903 pp 132 133 Green Peter Shaw 1964 Registration of cultivar names in Ulmus Arnoldia Arnold Arboretum Harvard University 24 6 8 41 80 Retrieved 16 February 2017 a b c Melville s annotation Oct 1958 in the RBGE Cultivated Herbarium Accessions Book alongside entry C2697 area G2 the RBGE U turkestanica Catalogue of the trees and shrubs in the arboretum and botanic gardens at the central experimental farm 2 ed 1899 p 76 Hand list of trees and shrubs grown in the Arboretum Kew Gardens London 1902 p 623 Accessions book Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh 1902 pp 45 47 a b c RBGE Living Collection data rbge org uk Tree mislabelled U pumila L var arborea originally Ulmus turkestanica Regel RBGE Benmore herbarium specimen E00212438 Acc no 19021007B 1902 n 1007 Benmore from Spath data rbge org uk RBGE herbarium specimen of Turkestanica Regel E00824837 data rbge org uk a b Leon Parde 1906 Arboretum national des Barres Enumeration des vegetaux ligneux indigenes et exotiques qui y sont cultivees Paris p 250 Retrieved 23 August 2018 rystonhall co uk Ryston Hall Arboretum catalogue c 1920 pp 13 14 Gembrook or Nobelius Nursery Melbourne 1916 catalogue Clouston B amp Stansfield K eds After the Elm London 1979 p 39 Clinton G P McCormick Florence A Dutch elm disease Graphium ulmi New Haven 1936 p 737 p 710 Catalogue generale automne 1936 printemps 1937 Pepinieres Boccard Freres Geneva 1936 p 30 Hesse Hermann Albert 1933 Preis und Sortenliste pp 91 92 Retrieved 27 February 2018 Act Hort Petrop 6 477 1879 External links Edit Herbarium specimen L 1582474 Botany catalogues Naturalis Biodiversity Center Labelled U turkestanica Regel from Spath The Hague specimen 1931 Herbarium specimen L 1582473 Botany catalogues Naturalis Biodiversity Center Labelled U turkestanica Regel from Spath Kew Gardens specimen long shoot Herbarium specimen L 1582310 Botany catalogues Naturalis Biodiversity Center Labelled U turkestanica from Spath 1902 RBG Edinburgh specimen 1959 Herbarium specimen E00824837 Herbarium Catalogue Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh Labelled U turkestanica from Spath 1902 RBG Edinburgh specimen 1959 Herbarium specimen L 1582318 Botany catalogues Naturalis Biodiversity Center Ulmus formerly labelled U turkestanica Wageningen Arboretum specimen 1929 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ulmus 27Turkestanica 27 amp oldid 1113698554, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
