Turhan Pasha Përmeti
Turhan Pasha Përmeti (19 December 1846 – 18 February 1927[2]) was an Ottoman-Albanian politician, who served as the 2nd Prime Minister of Albania. He was also in service of the Ottoman state and held the title of Pasha of the Ottoman Empire.
Turhan Pasha Përmeti | |
|---|---|
| 2nd Prime Minister of Albania | |
| In office 17 March 1914 – 3 September 1914 | |
| Preceded by | Ismail Qemali |
| Succeeded by | Essad Pasha Toptani |
| In office 25 December 1918 – 29 January 1920 | |
| Preceded by | Essad Pasha Toptani |
| Succeeded by | Sulejman Delvina |
| Wali of Crete | |
| In office 1894–1895 | |
| Preceded by | Mahmud Celaleddin Pasha |
| Succeeded by | Alexander Karatheodori Pasha |
| In office 12 March 1896 – May 1896 | |
| Preceded by | Alexander Karatheodori Pasha |
| Succeeded by | Kölemen Abdullah Pasha |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 19 December 1846[1] Trikala, Ottoman Empire (now Greece) |
| Died | 18 February 1927 (aged 80)[2] Neuilly, France[2] |
| Signature | |
Among the Ottoman posts he occupied were Governor of Crete 1895 and 1896, and ambassador in Saint Petersburg. He was a fluent Greek speaker and considered a capable though rather indecisive administrator. His governorship of Crete ended with the insurrection of May 24, 1896 that eventually led to the loss of the island by the Ottoman Empire. Përmeti represented the Ottoman Empire as its delegate at the Second Hague Peace Conference of 1907.[3]
On 17 March 1914, he was appointed as Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs by Prince Wied, in the so-called Definitive Government. He became Albania's second prime minister succeeding Ismail Qemali. Turhan Pasha remained foreign minister until May 28, 1914, then replaced by Prenk Bib Doda, who himself was succeeded by Mehmed Konica in July.[4] Përmeti's contemporaries argued that, because he had lacked affiliation with the Albanian national cause, he was not familiar with the needs of Albanians. His premiership was interrupted by Albanian discontent twice. He was overthrown by Essad Pasha in 1914, and then by the Congress of Lushnjë in 1920.[citation needed]
Government of Durrës
The composition of government was proposed since the first session of the meetings.[5]
Government of the Principality of Albania: 28 December 1918 – 28 January 1920:
- Turhan Përmeti - Head of State and Prime Minister of Albania[6]
- Prenk Bib Doda - Deputy Prime Minister[6]
- Mufid Libohova - Deputy Prime Minister[7] and Minister without portfolio[8]
- Monsignor Luigj Bumçi - Minister without portfolio[8]
- Mustafa Merlika-Kruja - Minister of Posts and Telegraphs[9]
- Mihal Turtulli - Minister without portfolio[8]
- Mehmed Konica - Minister of Foreign Affairs[6]
- Sami Vrioni - Minister of Agriculture[8]
- Mid'hat Frashëri - Minister without portfolio[8]
- Luigj Gurakuqi - Minister of Education[10]
- Lef Nosi - Minister of National Economy (short time)[11]
- Mehdi Frashëri - Minister of the Interior[6]
- Fejzi Alizoti - Minister of Finances[12]
- Petro Poga - Minister of Justice[8]
See also
References
- Pearson, Owen S. (2004). Albania and King Zog (illustrated ed.). I.B. Tauris. ISBN 1-84511-013-7.[permanent dead link]
- ^ Turhan Pashë Përmeti, kryeministri më me ndikim në botë se Ismail Qemali
- ^ a b c Swire, John (1971). Albania: The Rise of a Kingdom. New York: Arno Press. p. 313.
- ^ Skendi, Stavro (1967). The Albanian national awakening. Princeton: Princeton University Press. p. 178. ISBN 9781400847761.
- ^ "Historiku i krijimit të institucionit të Ministrisë së Punëve të Jashtme të shtetit shqiptar | Konsullata e Përgjithshme e Republikës së Shqipërisë në Stamboll". www.ambasadat.gov.al. Retrieved 7 January 2020.
- ^ Kongresi i Durrësit, 25 dhjetor 1918 [Congress of Durres, Dec 25 1918] (in Albanian), Gazeta Republika, 27 December 2012, retrieved 15 December 2013
- ^ a b c d Pearson 2006, pp. 117.
- ^ Elsie 2010, pp. 273.
- ^ a b c d e f Chekrezi 1919, pp. 186.
- ^ Özdalga 2011, pp. 327.
- ^ Elsie 2010, pp. 179.
- ^ Elsie 2010, pp. 334.
- ^ Fejzi Alizoti, Dorëzohen kujtimet e ministrit të Ismail Qemalit [Fejzi Alizoti, handed over the memories of the Minister of Ismail Qemali] (in Albanian), Gazeta Shqip, 2 December 2012, retrieved 16 December 2013