For the African species Turdus tephronotus, see Bare-eyed thrush.
The spectacled thrush, bare-eyed thrush, or yellow-eyed thrush[2] (Turdus nudigenis), is a resident breeding bird in the Lesser Antilles and in South America from Colombia and Venezuela south and east to northern Brazil. In Trinidad and Tobago, this thrush is also known as big-eye grieve.
Spectacled thrush
Adult spectacled thrush in Tobago, showing eyering for which it is named
The similar but allopatricEcuadorian thrush was formerly considered a subspecies of the bare-eyed thrush and named T. n. maculirostris; it is now normally considered as a separate species T. maculirostris. It has a narrower eyering and is only found in forest and woodland in western Ecuador and northwestern Peru.
Descriptionedit
The spectacled thrush is 23–24 cm (9.1–9.4 in) long and weighs 60 g (2.1 oz). It is plain olive-brown above and paler brown below. The throat is brown-streaked off-white, and the lower belly is whitish. It has a prominent yellow eye ring which gives rise to its English and scientific names.
There are two poorly defined subspecies, differing mainly in the darkness of the plumage. Sexes are similar, but young birds are flecked above and spotted below, and have a thinner eye ring.
The song is a musical warble, slower and lower pitched than that of the cocoa thrush (T. fumigatus), and it also produces a cat-like queeoow call and, when uncomfortable, emits a kereel.
Ecologyedit
The habitat of this large thrush is open woodland, forest clearings and cultivation. The bare-eyed thrush mainly feeds on or near the ground on fruit, berries and some insects and earthworms. It is a shy species, but on Trinidad and Tobago it is much tamer, and will come to feeders and take food from tables.
The nest is a lined bulky cup of twigs low in a tree. The two to three reddish-blotched deep-blue eggs are incubated by the female alone.
Referencesedit
^BirdLife International (2018). "Turdus nudigenis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2018: e.T22708919A132078742. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2018-2.RLTS.T22708919A132078742.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
ffrench, Richard; O'Neill, John Patton & Eckelberry, Don R. (1991): A guide to the birds of Trinidad and Tobago (2nd edition). Comstock Publishing, Ithaca, N.Y. ISBN0-8014-9792-2
spectacled, thrush, african, species, turdus, tephronotus, bare, eyed, thrush, spectacled, thrush, bare, eyed, thrush, yellow, eyed, thrush, turdus, nudigenis, resident, breeding, bird, lesser, antilles, south, america, from, colombia, venezuela, south, east, . For the African species Turdus tephronotus see Bare eyed thrush The spectacled thrush bare eyed thrush or yellow eyed thrush 2 Turdus nudigenis is a resident breeding bird in the Lesser Antilles and in South America from Colombia and Venezuela south and east to northern Brazil In Trinidad and Tobago this thrush is also known as big eye grieve Spectacled thrushAdult spectacled thrush in Tobago showing eyering for which it is namedConservation statusLeast Concern IUCN 3 1 1 Scientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataClass AvesOrder PasseriformesFamily TurdidaeGenus TurdusSpecies T nudigenisBinomial nameTurdus nudigenisLafresnaye 1848The similar but allopatric Ecuadorian thrush was formerly considered a subspecies of the bare eyed thrush and named T n maculirostris it is now normally considered as a separate species T maculirostris It has a narrower eyering and is only found in forest and woodland in western Ecuador and northwestern Peru Description editThe spectacled thrush is 23 24 cm 9 1 9 4 in long and weighs 60 g 2 1 oz It is plain olive brown above and paler brown below The throat is brown streaked off white and the lower belly is whitish It has a prominent yellow eye ring which gives rise to its English and scientific names There are two poorly defined subspecies differing mainly in the darkness of the plumage Sexes are similar but young birds are flecked above and spotted below and have a thinner eye ring The song is a musical warble slower and lower pitched than that of the cocoa thrush T fumigatus and it also produces a cat like queeoow call and when uncomfortable emits a kereel Ecology editThe habitat of this large thrush is open woodland forest clearings and cultivation The bare eyed thrush mainly feeds on or near the ground on fruit berries and some insects and earthworms It is a shy species but on Trinidad and Tobago it is much tamer and will come to feeders and take food from tables The nest is a lined bulky cup of twigs low in a tree The two to three reddish blotched deep blue eggs are incubated by the female alone References edit BirdLife International 2018 Turdus nudigenis IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2018 e T22708919A132078742 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2018 2 RLTS T22708919A132078742 en Retrieved 12 November 2021 Yellow eyed Thrush World Birds Clement Peter amp Hathaway Ren 2000 Thrushes Christopher Helm London ISBN 0 7136 3940 7 ffrench Richard O Neill John Patton amp Eckelberry Don R 1991 A guide to the birds of Trinidad and Tobago 2nd edition Comstock Publishing Ithaca N Y ISBN 0 8014 9792 2 Hilty Steven L 2003 Birds of Venezuela Christopher Helm London ISBN 0 7136 6418 5 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Spectacled thrush amp oldid 1160077728, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
