Tropical Storm Cristobal was a relatively weak tropical cyclone that meandered in the western Atlantic Ocean prior to being absorbed into a frontal zone. The third named storm of the 2002 Atlantic hurricane season, Cristobal developed on August 5 near the coast of South Carolina from the same trough that spawned Tropical Storm Bertha. The storm tracked slowly southeastward in the early portion of its duration, and initially remained disorganized. Cristobal attained peak winds of 50 mph (85 km/h), and lost the characteristics of a tropical cyclone on August 8. The remnants brought moderate precipitation to Bermuda, and in combination with a high pressure system the storm caused three drownings on Long Island from rip currents.
A trough extended from the northern Gulf of Mexico to the western Atlantic Ocean in early August. The trough remained nearly stationary, spawning Tropical Storm Bertha in the Gulf of Mexico and a tropical disturbance off the coast of South Carolina.[1] The weak low pressure area off South Carolina drifted southward, with its associated deep convection increasing in organization on August 4.[2] By 1800 UTC on August 5, the system had acquired sufficient organization to be classified as Tropical Depression Three, while located about 175 miles (280 km/h) east-southeast of Charleston, South Carolina.[1]
Upon becoming a tropical depression, the cyclone maintained outer rainbands and fair outflow. It tracked southeastward around the northeastern periphery of an anticyclone over Florida.[3] By August 6, the convection had diminished as outflow became restricted due to northeasterly wind shear;[4] with a relatively dry environment, most of the convection was confined to the southern semicircle of the depression. Despite the circulation becoming elongated in the southwesterly flow of a southward moving cold front, a Hurricane Hunters flight late on August 6 reported that the depression intensified into Tropical Storm Cristobal about 315 miles (505 km) east of Jacksonville, Florida.[1]
Tropical Storm Cristobal initially continued tracking southeastward, with its circulation reforming closer to the thunderstorms during each increase in convection.[5] On August 7 the storm turned eastward, due to the influence of a large approaching mid to upper-level frontal zone. As the convection organized further, Cristobal intensified somewhat and attained peak winds of 50 mph (85 km/h). On August 8, increased dry air weakened the convection and caused Cristobal to accelerate east-northeastward. The low-level circulation interacted with the approaching frontal zone, and by 0000 UTC on August 9 Tropical Storm Cristobal was absorbed by the cold front about 350 miles (560 km) southeast of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina.[1] The remnants continued northeastward, passing near Newfoundland on August 10 before weakening near Greenland on August 14.[6]
Impactedit
As a tropical cyclone, Cristobal had minimal effects on land.[1] However, its remnants brought unsettled conditions to Bermuda, including a 45 mph (72 km/h) wind gust at the Bermuda International Airport. The combination of moisture from Cristobal and cold front into which it was absorbed produced 2.78 inches (71 mm) of rain there in a 24‑hour period.[7] An annual powerboat race circumnavigating Bermuda had to be postponed by a week because of the adverse weather.[8]
Although Cristobal remained offshore during its evolution, rough seas and rip currents were felt along portions of the U.S. East Coast. On August 9, lifeguards in Volusia County, Florida, rescued about 25 swimmers caught in rip currents.[9] Offshore winds from the storm were credited with ending a widespread outbreak of jellyfish stings affecting bathers along the northern Atlantic coast of Florida. Some 1,000 stings had been reported.[10] Two ships recorded tropical storm force winds in association with the storm; one of them, a vessel with the call sign WUQL, reported sustained winds of 47 mph (76 km/h) from the west-southwest on August 7, while located about 160 mi (260 km) northeast of Great Abaco.[1]
Later, the extratropical remnants of Cristobal continued to interact with a high pressure system over the Mid-Atlantic states to generate dangerous swimming conditions further north. Along the south shore of Long Island, New York, significant wave heights reached 4 feet (1.2 m), and rip currents resulted in three drowning deaths on August 10: one in Montauk; one just east of Moriches Inlet; and one off Rockaway Beach.[11] In the latter case, the victim had become exhausted after swimming out to save his son-in-law, an inexperienced swimmer, from the rip current.[12]
^ abcdefJames Franklin (2002). "Tropical Storm Cristobal Tropical Cyclone Report" (PDF). National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2015-05-26.
^Stacy Stewart (August 4, 2002). "Tropical Weather Outlook: 5:30 PM August 4, 2002". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved February 2, 2020.
^Jack Beven (2002). "Tropical Depression Three Discussion One". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2008-01-08.
^Stacy Stewart (2002). "Tropical Depression Three Discussion Two". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2008-01-08.
^Stacy Stewart (2002). "Tropical Storm Cristobal Discussion Seven". National Hurricane Center. Retrieved 2008-01-08.
^Gary Padgett (2002). "Worldwide Tropical Summary for August 2002". Retrieved 2008-01-08.
^Bermuda Weather Service (2002). . Archived from the original on 2012-02-08. Retrieved 2008-01-08.
^"Rough weather foils Around the Island racers". The Royal Gazette. August 12, 2002. Retrieved February 2, 2020.
^Alicia A. Caldwell (August 10, 2002). "This weekend, Atlantic coastline harbors a hazard". The Orlando Sentinel. Retrieved February 2, 2020.
^The Associated Press (August 10, 2002). "Winds sweep jellyfish off of northeast Fla. coast". The Palm Beach Post. Retrieved February 2, 2020.
^National Climatic Data Center (2002). . Archived from the original on 2011-05-20. Retrieved 2008-01-08.
^Tamer El-Ghobashy (August 12, 2002). "He saves son-in-law, but drowns in surf". The New York Daily News. Retrieved February 2, 2020.
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October 30, 2023
tropical, storm, cristobal, 2002, tropical, storm, cristobal, relatively, weak, tropical, cyclone, that, meandered, western, atlantic, ocean, prior, being, absorbed, into, frontal, zone, third, named, storm, 2002, atlantic, hurricane, season, cristobal, develo. Tropical Storm Cristobal was a relatively weak tropical cyclone that meandered in the western Atlantic Ocean prior to being absorbed into a frontal zone The third named storm of the 2002 Atlantic hurricane season Cristobal developed on August 5 near the coast of South Carolina from the same trough that spawned Tropical Storm Bertha The storm tracked slowly southeastward in the early portion of its duration and initially remained disorganized Cristobal attained peak winds of 50 mph 85 km h and lost the characteristics of a tropical cyclone on August 8 The remnants brought moderate precipitation to Bermuda and in combination with a high pressure system the storm caused three drownings on Long Island from rip currents Tropical Storm Cristobal Tropical Storm Cristobal off the Southeastern U S on August 7Meteorological historyFormedAugust 5 2002ExtratropicalAugust 8DissipatedAugust 13 2002Tropical storm1 minute sustained SSHWS NWS Highest winds50 mph 85 km h Lowest pressure999 mbar hPa 29 50 inHgOverall effectsFatalities3 indirectDamageMinimalAreas affectedBermuda New YorkIBTrACSPart of the 2002 Atlantic hurricane season Contents 1 Meteorological history 2 Impact 3 See also 4 ReferencesMeteorological history edit nbsp Map plotting the storm s track and intensity according to the Saffir Simpson scaleMap keySaffir Simpson scale Tropical depression 38 mph 62 km h Tropical storm 39 73 mph 63 118 km h Category 1 74 95 mph 119 153 km h Category 2 96 110 mph 154 177 km h Category 3 111 129 mph 178 208 km h Category 4 130 156 mph 209 251 km h Category 5 157 mph 252 km h Unknown Storm type nbsp Tropical cyclone nbsp Subtropical cyclone nbsp Extratropical cyclone remnant low tropical disturbance or monsoon depressionA trough extended from the northern Gulf of Mexico to the western Atlantic Ocean in early August The trough remained nearly stationary spawning Tropical Storm Bertha in the Gulf of Mexico and a tropical disturbance off the coast of South Carolina 1 The weak low pressure area off South Carolina drifted southward with its associated deep convection increasing in organization on August 4 2 By 1800 UTC on August 5 the system had acquired sufficient organization to be classified as Tropical Depression Three while located about 175 miles 280 km h east southeast of Charleston South Carolina 1 Upon becoming a tropical depression the cyclone maintained outer rainbands and fair outflow It tracked southeastward around the northeastern periphery of an anticyclone over Florida 3 By August 6 the convection had diminished as outflow became restricted due to northeasterly wind shear 4 with a relatively dry environment most of the convection was confined to the southern semicircle of the depression Despite the circulation becoming elongated in the southwesterly flow of a southward moving cold front a Hurricane Hunters flight late on August 6 reported that the depression intensified into Tropical Storm Cristobal about 315 miles 505 km east of Jacksonville Florida 1 Tropical Storm Cristobal initially continued tracking southeastward with its circulation reforming closer to the thunderstorms during each increase in convection 5 On August 7 the storm turned eastward due to the influence of a large approaching mid to upper level frontal zone As the convection organized further Cristobal intensified somewhat and attained peak winds of 50 mph 85 km h On August 8 increased dry air weakened the convection and caused Cristobal to accelerate east northeastward The low level circulation interacted with the approaching frontal zone and by 0000 UTC on August 9 Tropical Storm Cristobal was absorbed by the cold front about 350 miles 560 km southeast of Cape Hatteras North Carolina 1 The remnants continued northeastward passing near Newfoundland on August 10 before weakening near Greenland on August 14 6 Impact editAs a tropical cyclone Cristobal had minimal effects on land 1 However its remnants brought unsettled conditions to Bermuda including a 45 mph 72 km h wind gust at the Bermuda International Airport The combination of moisture from Cristobal and cold front into which it was absorbed produced 2 78 inches 71 mm of rain there in a 24 hour period 7 An annual powerboat race circumnavigating Bermuda had to be postponed by a week because of the adverse weather 8 Although Cristobal remained offshore during its evolution rough seas and rip currents were felt along portions of the U S East Coast On August 9 lifeguards in Volusia County Florida rescued about 25 swimmers caught in rip currents 9 Offshore winds from the storm were credited with ending a widespread outbreak of jellyfish stings affecting bathers along the northern Atlantic coast of Florida Some 1 000 stings had been reported 10 Two ships recorded tropical storm force winds in association with the storm one of them a vessel with the call sign WUQL reported sustained winds of 47 mph 76 km h from the west southwest on August 7 while located about 160 mi 260 km northeast of Great Abaco 1 Later the extratropical remnants of Cristobal continued to interact with a high pressure system over the Mid Atlantic states to generate dangerous swimming conditions further north Along the south shore of Long Island New York significant wave heights reached 4 feet 1 2 m and rip currents resulted in three drowning deaths on August 10 one in Montauk one just east of Moriches Inlet and one off Rockaway Beach 11 In the latter case the victim had become exhausted after swimming out to save his son in law an inexperienced swimmer from the rip current 12 See also edit nbsp Tropical cyclones portalOther storms of the same name List of Bermuda hurricanes List of New York hurricanesReferences edit a b c d e f James Franklin 2002 Tropical Storm Cristobal Tropical Cyclone Report PDF National Hurricane Center Retrieved 2015 05 26 Stacy Stewart August 4 2002 Tropical Weather Outlook 5 30 PM August 4 2002 National Hurricane Center Retrieved February 2 2020 Jack Beven 2002 Tropical Depression Three Discussion One National Hurricane Center Retrieved 2008 01 08 Stacy Stewart 2002 Tropical Depression Three Discussion Two National Hurricane Center Retrieved 2008 01 08 Stacy Stewart 2002 Tropical Storm Cristobal Discussion Seven National Hurricane Center Retrieved 2008 01 08 Gary Padgett 2002 Worldwide Tropical Summary for August 2002 Retrieved 2008 01 08 Bermuda Weather Service 2002 Bermuda Weather for August 2002 Archived from the original on 2012 02 08 Retrieved 2008 01 08 Rough weather foils Around the Island racers The Royal Gazette August 12 2002 Retrieved February 2 2020 Alicia A Caldwell August 10 2002 This weekend Atlantic coastline harbors a hazard The Orlando Sentinel Retrieved February 2 2020 nbsp The Associated Press August 10 2002 Winds sweep jellyfish off of northeast Fla coast The Palm Beach Post Retrieved February 2 2020 nbsp National Climatic Data Center 2002 Event Report for New York Archived from the original on 2011 05 20 Retrieved 2008 01 08 Tamer El Ghobashy August 12 2002 He saves son in law but drowns in surf The New York Daily News Retrieved February 2 2020 nbsp nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Tropical Storm Cristobal 2002 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Tropical Storm Cristobal 2002 amp oldid 1171672907, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
