The Usambara three-horned chameleon is found at an altitude of 800–2,300 m (2,600–7,500 ft) in the East Usambara (there is a single old record from West Usambara but it is doubtful the species occurs there), Uluguru, Nguu, Nguru, and Udzungwa Mountains, with its range covering about 1,400 km2 (540 sq mi). Each subpopulation is isolated and the species mostly occurs in forests (both the interior and at edges), but also in nearby hedges and plantations.[1][2]
Descriptionedit
The Usambara three-horned chameleon has a sail-like ridge on the back and can reach up to 35 cm (14 in) in total length. Males grow larger than females. The male has three long horns, which presumably are used in fights between males (like in other horned chameleons). The horns first start to appear when still a juvenile at 10–12 cm (4–5 in) long. Females do not have horns.[2]
It is typically green overall, often with a paler or darker pattern, and may also show some yellow. If irritated, it has black spots that can become quite prominent.[2] It is an oviparous species with each clutch consisting of 8–40 eggs.[3] When just hatched, the young, which also can be purplish-whitish in colour, are only 5–7 cm (2–3 in) long.[2]
Conservationedit
The Usambara three-horned chameleon is generally common in its range and listed as Least Concern (not threatened) by the IUCN. It has a restricted distribution, but much of it is within reasonably well-protected reserves.[1]
Like all chameleons, the Usambara three-horned chameleon is listed on CITES, which means that legal international trade requires a permit. Between 1992 and 2011 a total of 8,437 live individuals were exported from Tanzania for the pet trade, 622 of which were not captured from the wild, but bred or born in captivity.[1] After 2017, Tanzania has not allowed exports of the Usambara three-horned chameleon.[4]
Referencesedit
^ abcdeTolley, K.; Menegon, M. (2014). "Trioceros deremensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2014: e.T172541A1344796. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-3.RLTS.T172541A1344796.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
^ abcdSpawls, S.; Howell, K.; Drewes, R.; Ashe, J. (2002). A Field Guide to the Reptiles of East Africa. Academic Press. pp. 217–218. ISBN0-12-656470-1.
^Hughes, D.F.; Blackburn, D.G. (2020). "Evolutionary origins of viviparity in Chamaeleonidae". Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research. 58 (1): 284–302. doi:10.1111/jzs.12328.
^"Export quatas: Tanzania, Trioceros deremensis". CITES. Retrieved 31 October 2023.
April 08, 2024
trioceros, deremensis, usambara, three, horned, chameleon, wavy, chameleon, species, chameleon, that, endemic, forests, eastern, mountains, tanzania, male, above, female, belowconservation, statusleast, concern, iucn, scientific, classificationdomain, eukaryot. Trioceros deremensis the Usambara three horned chameleon or wavy chameleon is a species of chameleon that is endemic to forests in the Eastern Arc Mountains of Tanzania 1 Trioceros deremensismale above female belowConservation statusLeast Concern IUCN 3 1 1 Scientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataClass ReptiliaOrder SquamataSuborder IguaniaFamily ChamaeleonidaeGenus TriocerosSpecies T deremensisBinomial nameTrioceros deremensis Matschie 1892 SynonymsChamaeleo deremensis Matschie 1892 Chamaeleon deremensis Matschie 1892 Contents 1 Distribution 2 Description 3 Conservation 4 ReferencesDistribution editThe Usambara three horned chameleon is found at an altitude of 800 2 300 m 2 600 7 500 ft in the East Usambara there is a single old record from West Usambara but it is doubtful the species occurs there Uluguru Nguu Nguru and Udzungwa Mountains with its range covering about 1 400 km2 540 sq mi Each subpopulation is isolated and the species mostly occurs in forests both the interior and at edges but also in nearby hedges and plantations 1 2 Description editThe Usambara three horned chameleon has a sail like ridge on the back and can reach up to 35 cm 14 in in total length Males grow larger than females The male has three long horns which presumably are used in fights between males like in other horned chameleons The horns first start to appear when still a juvenile at 10 12 cm 4 5 in long Females do not have horns 2 It is typically green overall often with a paler or darker pattern and may also show some yellow If irritated it has black spots that can become quite prominent 2 It is an oviparous species with each clutch consisting of 8 40 eggs 3 When just hatched the young which also can be purplish whitish in colour are only 5 7 cm 2 3 in long 2 Conservation editThe Usambara three horned chameleon is generally common in its range and listed as Least Concern not threatened by the IUCN It has a restricted distribution but much of it is within reasonably well protected reserves 1 Like all chameleons the Usambara three horned chameleon is listed on CITES which means that legal international trade requires a permit Between 1992 and 2011 a total of 8 437 live individuals were exported from Tanzania for the pet trade 622 of which were not captured from the wild but bred or born in captivity 1 After 2017 Tanzania has not allowed exports of the Usambara three horned chameleon 4 References edit a b c d e Tolley K Menegon M 2014 Trioceros deremensis IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2014 e T172541A1344796 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2014 3 RLTS T172541A1344796 en Retrieved 12 November 2021 a b c d Spawls S Howell K Drewes R Ashe J 2002 A Field Guide to the Reptiles of East Africa Academic Press pp 217 218 ISBN 0 12 656470 1 Hughes D F Blackburn D G 2020 Evolutionary origins of viviparity in Chamaeleonidae Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 58 1 284 302 doi 10 1111 jzs 12328 Export quatas Tanzania Trioceros deremensis CITES Retrieved 31 October 2023 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Trioceros deremensis amp oldid 1201140542, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
