Trading with the Enemy Acts is also a generic name for a class of legislation generally passed during or approaching a war that prohibit not just mercantile activities with foreign nationals, but also acts that might assist the enemy.[1] While originally limited to wartime, in the 20th century these Acts were applied in cases of national emergency as well. For example, in 1940, before the United States entry into World War II the president imposed broad prohibitions on the transfer of property in which Norway or Denmark, or any citizen or national of those countries, or any other person aiding those countries, had any interest, with the exception of transfers which were licensed under the regulations of the Department of the Treasury.[2]
The Trading with the Enemy Act of 1917 is still in force.[3] This Act established the Office of Alien Property Custodian to manage the property of US enemies, such as patents filed in the US by German nationals. The US government office was intended to manage that intellectual property in the US interest during the war.
Israeledit
The British Trading with the Enemy Act 1939 was applied to Mandatory Palestine, as to other British-ruled territories. On the creation of Israel in 1948, it was retained as an Israeli law and the various Arab countries named in it as "The Enemy". It is still in force as of 2022[update], though Egypt and Jordan were removed from its application with the respective peace agreements Israel signed with them.
^Phelps, Shirelle and Lehman, Jeffrey (editors) (2005) "Aiding the enemy acts" West's Encyclopedia of American Law (2nd edition) Vol. 1. Gale, Detroit, Michigan, pp. 182–183
^Malloy, Michael P. (2004) "Trading with the Enemy Act (1917)" In Landsberg, Brian K. (editor) (2004) Major Acts of Congress Macmillan-Thomson Gale, Detroit, Michigan
^"United States Code: Title 50a, ACT OCT. 6, 1917, CH. 106, 40 STAT. 411" Legal Information Institute, Cornell University
Further readingedit
Bordwell, Percy (1908) The Law of War between Belligerents: a history and commentary Callaghan, Chicago OCLC 252877469; reprinted in 1994 by Fred B. Rothman, Littleton, Colorado, ISBN0-8377-1975-5
Cain, Frank (2007) Economic statecraft during the Cold War: European responses to the US trade embargo Routledge, London, ISBN0-415-37002-7
Carter, Barry E. (1988) International Economic Sanctions: improving the haphazard U.S. legal regime Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, England, ISBN0-521-34258-9
Malloy, Michael P. (2001) United States Economic Sanctions: Theory and Practice Kluwer Law International, The Hague, Netherlands, ISBN90-411-8861-4
December 15, 2023
trading, with, enemy, stock, short, title, used, legislation, united, kingdom, united, states, relating, trading, with, enemy, also, generic, name, class, legislation, generally, passed, during, approaching, that, prohibit, just, mercantile, activities, with, . Trading with the Enemy Act is a stock short title used for legislation in the United Kingdom and the United States relating to trading with the enemy Trading with the Enemy Acts is also a generic name for a class of legislation generally passed during or approaching a war that prohibit not just mercantile activities with foreign nationals but also acts that might assist the enemy 1 While originally limited to wartime in the 20th century these Acts were applied in cases of national emergency as well For example in 1940 before the United States entry into World War II the president imposed broad prohibitions on the transfer of property in which Norway or Denmark or any citizen or national of those countries or any other person aiding those countries had any interest with the exception of transfers which were licensed under the regulations of the Department of the Treasury 2 Contents 1 List 1 1 France 1 2 United Kingdom 1 3 United States 1 4 Israel 2 See also 3 Notes 4 Further readingList editFrance edit Continental System French Napoleonic edict from 1806 to 1814United Kingdom edit The Trading with the Enemy Act 1914 The Trading with the Enemy Amendment Act 1914 5 amp 6 Geo 5 c 12 The Trading with the Enemy Amendment Act 1915 5 amp 6 Geo 5 c 79 The Trading with the Enemy Extension of Powers Act 1915 5 amp 6 Geo 5 c 98 The Trading with the Enemy Amendment Act 1916 5 amp 6 Geo 5 c 105 The Trading with the Enemy Copyright Act 1916 6 amp 7 Geo 5 c 32 The Trading with the Enemy and Export of Prohibited Goods Act 1916 6 amp 7 Geo 5 c 52 The Trading with the Enemy Amendment Act 1918 8 amp 9 Geo 5 c 31 The Trading with the Enemy Act 1939 2 amp 3 Geo 6 c 89 United States edit The Trading with the Enemy Act of 1917 is still in force 3 This Act established the Office of Alien Property Custodian to manage the property of US enemies such as patents filed in the US by German nationals The US government office was intended to manage that intellectual property in the US interest during the war Israel edit The British Trading with the Enemy Act 1939 was applied to Mandatory Palestine as to other British ruled territories On the creation of Israel in 1948 it was retained as an Israeli law and the various Arab countries named in it as The Enemy It is still in force as of 2022 update though Egypt and Jordan were removed from its application with the respective peace agreements Israel signed with them See also editList of short titlesNotes edit Phelps Shirelle and Lehman Jeffrey editors 2005 Aiding the enemy acts West s Encyclopedia of American Law 2nd edition Vol 1 Gale Detroit Michigan pp 182 183 Malloy Michael P 2004 Trading with the Enemy Act 1917 In Landsberg Brian K editor 2004 Major Acts of Congress Macmillan Thomson Gale Detroit Michigan United States Code Title 50a ACT OCT 6 1917 CH 106 40 STAT 411 Legal Information Institute Cornell UniversityFurther reading editBordwell Percy 1908 The Law of War between Belligerents a history and commentary Callaghan Chicago OCLC 252877469 reprinted in 1994 by Fred B Rothman Littleton Colorado ISBN 0 8377 1975 5 Cain Frank 2007 Economic statecraft during the Cold War European responses to the US trade embargo Routledge London ISBN 0 415 37002 7 Carter Barry E 1988 International Economic Sanctions improving the haphazard U S legal regime Cambridge University Press Cambridge England ISBN 0 521 34258 9 Malloy Michael P 2001 United States Economic Sanctions Theory and Practice Kluwer Law International The Hague Netherlands ISBN 90 411 8861 4 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Trading with the Enemy Act amp oldid 1077869289, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
