Trabutina mannipara, or mana scale, is a species of mealybug found in the Middle East and southern Europe.[1][2] It is the most well-known of the five species in the genus Trabutina, of which it is the type species,[3] due to its association with the biblical story of manna.[4]T. mannipara feeds parasitically on tamarisk trees, and excretes a sweet substance which is sometimes collected for human consumption.[5] Obsolete terms for it include Coccus manniparus and Trabutina palestina.[a] This species can be found in the Sinai[7] and Iraq.[8]
It was described in 1829 by Hemprich and Ehrenberg (as Coccus manniparus),[9] after investigation in the Sinai mountains.[10] Ehrenberg believed that the bite wounds in the tamarisk plant created as the insects fed on the plant caused a sweet sticky substance known locally as "manna", and which Ehrenberg associated with the biblical manna, to flow out of the plant.[5] In 1929, F. S. Bodenheimer found that the manna was in fact produced by the insects themselves,[5] and argued that the description of the sticky substance and its geographical region argued in favor of Ehrenberg's identification with the biblical manna.[11] The identification with biblical manna continues to appear in more recent literature.[12]
T. mannipara, like other mealybugs, is parasitic on plants, and in its excretions is a great deal of undigested material.[13] In the case of mannipara, these excretions are high in sugar.[13]
In the United States, where tamarisks are invasive species, T. mannipara has been tested for possible use in controlling tamarisks.[14]
Notesedit
^Trabutina Palestina, described in 1927, was later discovered to be the same species.[6]
^D.J. Williams and P. J. Gullan (2010). "Family-group names proposed in the family Pseudococcidae (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccoidea)".Zootaxa.
^Evelyna M. Danzig and Douglass R. Miller (1996). "A Systematic Revision of the Mealybug Genus Trabutina (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Pseudococcidae)." Israel Journal of Entomology, XXX. p. 7.
^ abcR.A. Donkin (1 December 2013). Manna: An Historical Geography. Springer. pp. 78–79. ISBN978-94-017-6117-8.
^Joseph Seckbach; Zvy Dubinsky (11 October 2010). All Flesh Is Grass: Plant-Animal Interrelationships. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 111. ISBN978-90-481-9316-5.
^Jolivet (1 January 1992). Insects and Plants: Parallel Evolution & Adaptations, Second Edition. CRC Press. p. 119. ISBN978-1-877743-10-8.
^Masumeh Moghaddam (23 September 2013). An Annotated Checklist of the Scale Insects of Iran (Hemiptera, Sternorrhyncha, Coccoidea) with New Records and Distribution Data. PenSoft Publishers LTD. p. 74. ISBN978-954-642-702-1.
^M. Bertholet (1862). "On the Manna of Sinai, and the Manna of Syria". The Pharmaceutical Journal and Transactions. Second Series, Volume 3. p. 274.
^S. Mark Henry (17 September 2013). Symbiosis: Associations of Invertebrates, Birds, Ruminants, and Other Biota. Elsevier. p. 120. ISBN978-1-4832-7592-5.
^M. Mani; C. Shivaraju (24 February 2016). Mealybugs and their Management in Agricultural and Horticultural crops. Springer India. p. 138. ISBN978-81-322-2677-2.
^ abVincent B. Wigglesworth (6 December 2012). The Principles of Insect Physiology. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 497. ISBN978-94-009-5973-6.
^Moshe Coll; Eric Wajnberg (25 July 2017). Environmental Pest Management: Challenges for Agronomists, Ecologists, Economists and Policymakers. Wiley. p. 116. ISBN978-1-119-25556-7.
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trabutina, mannipara, mana, scale, species, mealybug, found, middle, east, southern, europe, most, well, known, five, species, genus, trabutina, which, type, species, association, with, biblical, story, manna, mannipara, feeds, parasitically, tamarisk, trees, . Trabutina mannipara or mana scale is a species of mealybug found in the Middle East and southern Europe 1 2 It is the most well known of the five species in the genus Trabutina of which it is the type species 3 due to its association with the biblical story of manna 4 T mannipara feeds parasitically on tamarisk trees and excretes a sweet substance which is sometimes collected for human consumption 5 Obsolete terms for it include Coccus manniparus and Trabutina palestina a This species can be found in the Sinai 7 and Iraq 8 Trabutina manniparaScientific classificationKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ArthropodaClass InsectaOrder HemipteraSuborder SternorrhynchaFamily PseudococcidaeGenus TrabutinaSpecies T manniparaBinomial nameTrabutina mannipara Hemprich amp Ehrenberg 1829 SynonymsCoccus manniparus Hemprich amp Ehrenberg 1829 Ceroplastes manniparus Hemprich amp Ehrenberg 1829 Gossyparia manniparus Hemprich amp Ehrenberg 1829 Eriococcus manniparus Hemprich amp Ehrenberg 1829 Trabutina leonardii Sivestri 1920 Trabutina palestina Bodenheimer 1927 Trabutina bogdanovikatjkovi Borchsenius 1941It was described in 1829 by Hemprich and Ehrenberg as Coccus manniparus 9 after investigation in the Sinai mountains 10 Ehrenberg believed that the bite wounds in the tamarisk plant created as the insects fed on the plant caused a sweet sticky substance known locally as manna and which Ehrenberg associated with the biblical manna to flow out of the plant 5 In 1929 F S Bodenheimer found that the manna was in fact produced by the insects themselves 5 and argued that the description of the sticky substance and its geographical region argued in favor of Ehrenberg s identification with the biblical manna 11 The identification with biblical manna continues to appear in more recent literature 12 T mannipara like other mealybugs is parasitic on plants and in its excretions is a great deal of undigested material 13 In the case of mannipara these excretions are high in sugar 13 In the United States where tamarisks are invasive species T mannipara has been tested for possible use in controlling tamarisks 14 Notes edit Trabutina Palestina described in 1927 was later discovered to be the same species 6 References edit CABI Invasive Species Compendium Yair Ben Dov 1988 Manna scale Trabutina mannipara Hemprich amp Ehrenberg Homoptera Coccoidea Pseudococcidae Systematic Entomology Volume 13 Issue 4 D J Williams and P J Gullan 2010 Family group names proposed in the family Pseudococcidae Hemiptera Sternorrhyncha Coccoidea Zootaxa Evelyna M Danzig and Douglass R Miller 1996 A Systematic Revision of the Mealybug Genus Trabutina Homoptera Coccoidea Pseudococcidae Israel Journal of Entomology XXX p 7 a b c R A Donkin 1 December 2013 Manna An Historical Geography Springer pp 78 79 ISBN 978 94 017 6117 8 Joseph Seckbach Zvy Dubinsky 11 October 2010 All Flesh Is Grass Plant Animal Interrelationships Springer Science amp Business Media p 111 ISBN 978 90 481 9316 5 Jolivet 1 January 1992 Insects and Plants Parallel Evolution amp Adaptations Second Edition CRC Press p 119 ISBN 978 1 877743 10 8 Masumeh Moghaddam 23 September 2013 An Annotated Checklist of the Scale Insects of Iran Hemiptera Sternorrhyncha Coccoidea with New Records and Distribution Data PenSoft Publishers LTD p 74 ISBN 978 954 642 702 1 Yair Ben Dov 1988 Manna scale Trabutina mannipara Hemprich amp Ehrenberg Homoptera Coccoidea Pseudococcidae Systematic Entomology Volume 13 Issue 4 p 388 389 M Bertholet 1862 On the Manna of Sinai and the Manna of Syria The Pharmaceutical Journal and Transactions Second Series Volume 3 p 274 S Mark Henry 17 September 2013 Symbiosis Associations of Invertebrates Birds Ruminants and Other Biota Elsevier p 120 ISBN 978 1 4832 7592 5 M Mani C Shivaraju 24 February 2016 Mealybugs and their Management in Agricultural and Horticultural crops Springer India p 138 ISBN 978 81 322 2677 2 a b Vincent B Wigglesworth 6 December 2012 The Principles of Insect Physiology Springer Science amp Business Media p 497 ISBN 978 94 009 5973 6 Moshe Coll Eric Wajnberg 25 July 2017 Environmental Pest Management Challenges for Agronomists Ecologists Economists and Policymakers Wiley p 116 ISBN 978 1 119 25556 7 nbsp This article related to members of the insect superfamily Coccoidea is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Trabutina mannipara amp oldid 1167600881, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
