Tokuhime (Oda)

For other people with similar names, see Tokuhime.

Tokuhime (徳姫), also known as Gotokuhime (五徳姫) or Lady Toku^[1][2] (November 11, 1559 – February 16, 1636) was a Japanese noble lady from the Sengoku period. She was the daughter of daimyō Oda Nobunaga and later married Matsudaira Nobuyasu, the first son of Tokugawa Ieyasu. She is remembered as the person most responsible for the deaths of Nobuyasu and his mother, Ieyasu's wife, the Lady Tsukiyama.

Tokuhime 徳姫
Born	November 11, 1559
Died	February 16, 1636(1636-02-16) (aged 76–77)
Nationality	Japanese
Other names	Gotokuhime (五徳姫) Lady Toku
Spouse	Matsudaira Nobuyasu
Children	Toku-hime Kumahime
Parent	Oda Nobunaga (father)
Family	Oda clan Tokugawa clan

Biography

Tokuhime was married to Tokugawa Ieyasu's five-year-old son Nobuyasu in 1563, when she herself was only five years old. Her marriage was politically motivated and was used to seal an alliance between Tokugawa Ieyasu and Oda Nobunaga.

As the years went by, Nobuyasu and Tokuhime became quite attached to each other, though Tokuhime's mother-in-law, the Lady Tsukiyama, made life quite difficult for her and interfered in matters between her and her husband. Lady Tsukiyama was known as a jealous and contrary woman, and even her husband Ieyasu found it difficult to share the same residence as her. Because Tokuhime only gave birth to two daughters, Lady Tsukiyama took a daughter of a Takeda's retainer for Nobuyasu's concubine, and this action was irritating Tokuhime.

As a young woman, Tokuhime decided to retaliate against Lady Tsukiyama. When Tokuhime was about twenty, she had had enough of her mother-in-law's interference and wrote a letter to her father, Oda Nobunaga, conveying her suspicion that Lady Tsukiyama had been in correspondence with Takeda Katsuyori, one of Nobunaga's worst enemies. Nobunaga relayed this suspicion of betrayal to his ally Ieyasu, who promptly had his wife imprisoned. As Ieyasu needed to maintain his alliance with Nobunaga, the accusations were taken quite seriously, and as Lady Tsukiyama and her son were quite close, Ieyasu therefore had Nobuyasu put into custody. No solid evidence of treachery was ever produced, but to assuage his ally, Ieyasu had his wife executed in 1579. Ieyasu did not believe his son would betray him, but to prevent him from seeking vengeance for the death of his mother, he ordered Nobuyasu to commit suicide by seppuku where he was held at Futamata Castle. Although Tokuhime wanted only to anonymously retaliate against Lady Tsukiyama, the situation snowballed, and by the end of 1579, her husband and her mother-in-law were dead and she was a widow.

Family

• Father: Oda Nobunaga (1536–1582)
• Brothers:
  • Oda Nobutada (1557–1582)
  • Oda Nobukatsu (1558–1630)
  • Oda Nobutaka (1558–1583)
  • Hashiba Hidekatsu (1567–1585)
  • Oda Katsunaga (1568–1582)
  • Oda Nobuhide (1571–1597)
  • Oda Nobutaka (1576–1602)
  • Oda Nobuyoshi (1573–1615)
  • Oda Nobusada (1574–1624)
  • Oda Nobuyoshi (died 1609)
  • Oda Nagatsugu (died 1600)
  • Oda Nobumasa (1554–1647)
• Sisters:
  • Fuyuhime (1561–1641) Wife of Gamō Ujisato
  • Hideko (died 1632)
  • Eihime (1574–1623)
  • Hōonin
  • Sannomaru-dono (d. 1603) One of Toyotomi Hideyoshi's concubines.
  • Tsuruhime
• Husband: Matsudaira Nobuyasu (1559–1579)
• children:
  • Tokuhime
  • Kumahime, married Honda Tadamasa

References

1. "Kanji Lookup: 姫". Jim Breen's WWWJDIC. Electronic Dictionary Research and Development Group, Monash University. 2011. Retrieved 30 May 2011.
2. Genius Japanese-English Dictionary, Casio Ex-word XD-H7500 (electronic dictionary) (2 ed.), 2005