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Tithe barns in Europe

November 13, 2023

A tithe barn was a type of barn used in much of northern Europe in the Middle Ages for storing rents and tithes. Farmers were required to give one-tenth of their produce to the established church. Tithe barns were usually associated with the village church or rectory, and independent farmers took their tithes there. The village priests did not have to pay tithes—the purpose of the tithe being their support. Some operated their own farms anyway. The former church property has sometimes been converted to village greens.

Former tithe barn in Jesberg, Germany
Tithe barn in Jesteburg, Germany

Many were monastic barns, originally used by the monastery itself or by a monastic grange. The word 'grange' is (indirectly) derived from Latin granarium ('granary'). Identical barns were found on royal domains and country estates.

The medieval aisled barn was developed in the 12th and 13th centuries, following the examples of royal halls, hospitals and market halls. Its predecessors included Roman horrea and Neolithic long houses.

According to English Heritage, "exactly how barns in general were used in the Middle Ages is less well understood than might be expected, and the subject abounds with myths (for example, not one of England's surviving architecturally impressive barns was a tithe barn, although such barns existed)".[1]

Examples edit

England edit

Medieval edit

There are surviving examples of medieval barns in England, some of them known as "tithe barns". English Heritage established criteria to determine if barns were used as tithe barns.[2] The total number of surviving medieval barns (dated up to 1550) in Britain may be estimated about 200.[3]

Later edit

There are many extant barns that date from after the Medieval period and may be called "tithe barns" by their owners or councils. These include:

Scotland edit

Germany edit

France edit

Belgium edit

See also edit

Notes and references edit

  1. ^ "Research on Harmondsworth Barn". English Heritage. Retrieved 21 August 2013.
  2. ^ a b The Great Coxwell "Tithe Barn" was not really a tithe barn, according to English Heritage.
  3. ^ Lake, Jeremy (1989). Historic Farm Buildings: An Introduction and Guide. London: Cassell Illustrated. ISBN 978-0713719697.
  4. ^ Piper, Marolyn (4 December 2006). "The Lost Village of Hillam Burchard". Aberford People. Retrieved 21 July 2008.
  5. ^ "The History of the Tithe Barn". Bishop's Cleeve Village Hall - The Tithe Barn. Cleve Tithe Barn. 14 December 2013. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
  6. ^ Baxter, Stephen. "Medieval Bourn: A Cambridgeshire Village in the Middle Ages". Academea. Burlington Digital Print Limited. Retrieved 8 May 2019.
  7. ^ Pilgrim, Tom (15 January 2017). "Centuries old tithe barn given boost by new grant: Volunteers want to restore the rare sixteenth-century barn for community use". Cambridge News. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
  8. ^ "Local List 22nd February 2011" (PDF). Isle of Wight Council's List of Locally Listed Buildings. Isle of Wight Council. 22 February 2011. (PDF) from the original on 20 December 2016. Retrieved 9 December 2016.
  9. ^ "HISTORY OF TITHES AND THE BARN". Dunster Tithe Barn. Retrieved 21 August 2013.
  10. ^ "Melling Tithebarn Arts Association - The Tithebarn". MTAA: Melling Tithebarn Arts Association. Melling Tithebarn Arts Association. from the original on 9 February 2017. Retrieved 2 April 2018.
  11. ^ "Tithe barn of Tremblay-en-France". Seine-Saint-Denis Tourisme. Comité Départemental du Tourisme.
  12. ^ Prieuré du Mont-Saint-Michel Site Pelerin-montsaintmichel.org
  13. ^ Écouen
  14. ^ Base Mérimée: Dammarie-en-Puisaye, Ministère français de la Culture. (in French)

Further reading edit

  • Emery, Anthony (1996). Greater Medieval Houses of England and Wales, 1300-1500. Vol. 1, Northern England. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0521497237.
  • Emmons, James BT (2015). Artifacts from Medieval Europe (1st ed.). Greenwood.
  • Horn, Walter (1958). "On the Origins of the Medieval Bay System". Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians. 17 (2): 2–23. doi:10.2307/987918. JSTOR 987918.
  • Horn, Walter; Born, Ernest (1965). The Barns of the Abbey of Beaulieu at its Granges of Great Coxwell and Beaulieu-St.-Leonards. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0520005723.
  • Hughes, Graham (1985). Barns of Rural Britain. London: Herbert Press Ltd. ISBN 978-0906969366.
  • Kirk, Malcolm (1994). The Barn: Silent Spaces. London: Thames & Hudson Ltd. ISBN 978-0500341353.
  • Morant, Roland W. (2004). The Medieval Abbeys of England and Wales: A Resource Guide. Victoria, BC: Trafford Publishing. pp. 502–511. ISBN 978-1412026048.
  • Sloane, Eric (1967). An Age of Barns: An Illustrated Review of Classic Barn Styles and Construction (2005 – 4th ed.). Voyageur Press.

External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Tithe barns.
  • Photographs of tithe barns on geograph.org.uk

November 13, 2023
tithe, barns, europe, this, article, includes, list, general, references, lacks, sufficient, corresponding, inline, citations, please, help, improve, this, article, introducing, more, precise, citations, march, 2016, learn, when, remove, this, template, messag. This article includes a list of general references but it lacks sufficient corresponding inline citations Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations March 2016 Learn how and when to remove this template message A tithe barn was a type of barn used in much of northern Europe in the Middle Ages for storing rents and tithes Farmers were required to give one tenth of their produce to the established church Tithe barns were usually associated with the village church or rectory and independent farmers took their tithes there The village priests did not have to pay tithes the purpose of the tithe being their support Some operated their own farms anyway The former church property has sometimes been converted to village greens Former tithe barn in Jesberg GermanyTithe barn in Jesteburg GermanyMany were monastic barns originally used by the monastery itself or by a monastic grange The word grange is indirectly derived from Latin granarium granary Identical barns were found on royal domains and country estates The medieval aisled barn was developed in the 12th and 13th centuries following the examples of royal halls hospitals and market halls Its predecessors included Roman horrea and Neolithic long houses According to English Heritage exactly how barns in general were used in the Middle Ages is less well understood than might be expected and the subject abounds with myths for example not one of England s surviving architecturally impressive barns was a tithe barn although such barns existed 1 Contents 1 Examples 1 1 England 1 1 1 Medieval 1 1 2 Later 1 2 Scotland 1 3 Germany 1 4 France 1 5 Belgium 2 See also 3 Notes and references 4 Further reading 5 External linksExamples editEngland edit Medieval edit There are surviving examples of medieval barns in England some of them known as tithe barns English Heritage established criteria to determine if barns were used as tithe barns 2 The total number of surviving medieval barns dated up to 1550 in Britain may be estimated about 200 3 Aberford C of E Primary School Aberford Leeds Aberford School was based on a redundant tithe barn 4 Bank Hall Barn Bretherton Lancashire The Bishop s Barn Wells Somerset Bishop s Cleeve Tithe Barn Gloucestershire 5 Bradford on Avon Tithe Barn Wiltshire Carlisle Tithe Barn Church of the Holy Ghost Midsomer Norton Somerset The Corbett Theatre Loughton which was the tithe barn at Ditchling Cressing Temple East Riddlesden Hall National Trust The Great Barn Bourn 6 The Great Barn Ruislip Middlesex The Great Barn Titchfield The Great Barn Wanborough Surrey Great Coxwell Tithe Barn Oxfordshire 2 Harmondsworth Great Barn Harmondsworth Middlesex Landbeach Tithe Barn Landbeach Cambridgeshire 7 Middle Littleton tithe barn Nether Poppleton Tithebarn City of York Parish Hall and Rectory Chapel Freshwater Isle of Wight 8 Sextry Barn Ely Swalcliffe Barn Oxfordshire Tithe Barn Dunster 9 Tithe Barn Maidstone Kent Tithe Barn Manor Farm Doulting Somerset Tithe Barn Pilton Somerset Upminster Tithe Barn Upminster Essex Upper Heyford tithe barn Oxfordshire Haddenham tithe barn Buckinghamshire West Pennard Court BarnLater edit There are many extant barns that date from after the Medieval period and may be called tithe barns by their owners or councils These include Loseley Park tithe barn 17th century Melling Tithebarn Merseyside c 18th century 10 Scotland edit Barn Church CullodenGermany edit Castle of Lissingen Rhineland PalatinateFrance edit Grange dimiere Tremblay en France 11 Grange de Meslay Priory of Le Mont Saint Michel 12 Ardevon Silve Benite in Le Pin 12th century Ecouen 14th 17th century 13 Ardenne Abbey in Saint Germain la Blanche Herbe 12th century Samoreau 13th century Maubuisson Abbey 13th century Tremblay en France 13th century Wissous 13th century Chenu 13th century Dammarie en Puisaye 14 Maroilles Abbey 1735 Wallers Belgium edit 13th century tithe barn of Ter Doest Abbey Herkenrode Abbey near HasseltSee also editBishop s storehouse Staddle stones Function Tithe map Tithing buildings of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter day Saints all or mostly in the United StatesNotes and references edit Research on Harmondsworth Barn English Heritage Retrieved 21 August 2013 a b The Great Coxwell Tithe Barn was not really a tithe barn according to English Heritage Lake Jeremy 1989 Historic Farm Buildings An Introduction and Guide London Cassell Illustrated ISBN 978 0713719697 Piper Marolyn 4 December 2006 The Lost Village of Hillam Burchard Aberford People Retrieved 21 July 2008 The History of the Tithe Barn Bishop s Cleeve Village Hall The Tithe Barn Cleve Tithe Barn 14 December 2013 Retrieved 2 April 2018 Baxter Stephen Medieval Bourn A Cambridgeshire Village in the Middle Ages Academea Burlington Digital Print Limited Retrieved 8 May 2019 Pilgrim Tom 15 January 2017 Centuries old tithe barn given boost by new grant Volunteers want to restore the rare sixteenth century barn for community use Cambridge News Retrieved 2 April 2018 Local List 22nd February 2011 PDF Isle of Wight Council s List of Locally Listed Buildings Isle of Wight Council 22 February 2011 Archived PDF from the original on 20 December 2016 Retrieved 9 December 2016 HISTORY OF TITHES AND THE BARN Dunster Tithe Barn Retrieved 21 August 2013 Melling Tithebarn Arts Association The Tithebarn MTAA Melling Tithebarn Arts Association Melling Tithebarn Arts Association Archived from the original on 9 February 2017 Retrieved 2 April 2018 Tithe barn of Tremblay en France Seine Saint Denis Tourisme Comite Departemental du Tourisme Prieure du Mont Saint Michel Site Pelerin montsaintmichel org Ecouen Base Merimee Dammarie en Puisaye Ministere francais de la Culture in French Further reading editEmery Anthony 1996 Greater Medieval Houses of England and Wales 1300 1500 Vol 1 Northern England Cambridge University Press ISBN 978 0521497237 Emmons James BT 2015 Artifacts from Medieval Europe 1st ed Greenwood Horn Walter 1958 On the Origins of the Medieval Bay System Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 17 2 2 23 doi 10 2307 987918 JSTOR 987918 Horn Walter Born Ernest 1965 The Barns of the Abbey of Beaulieu at its Granges of Great Coxwell and Beaulieu St Leonards University of California Press ISBN 978 0520005723 Hughes Graham 1985 Barns of Rural Britain London Herbert Press Ltd ISBN 978 0906969366 Kirk Malcolm 1994 The Barn Silent Spaces London Thames amp Hudson Ltd ISBN 978 0500341353 Morant Roland W 2004 The Medieval Abbeys of England and Wales A Resource Guide Victoria BC Trafford Publishing pp 502 511 ISBN 978 1412026048 Sloane Eric 1967 An Age of Barns An Illustrated Review of Classic Barn Styles and Construction 2005 4th ed Voyageur Press External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Tithe barns Photographs of tithe barns on geograph org uk Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Tithe barns in Europe amp oldid 1123179014, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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