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Titan Tornado

May 01, 2024

The Titan Tornado is large family of cantilever high-wing, pusher configuration, tricycle gear-equipped kit aircraft manufactured by Titan Aircraft of Austinburg, Ohio, for amateur construction.[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]

Titan Tornado
Tornado II
Role Kit aircraft
National origin United States
Manufacturer Titan Aircraft
Introduction 1994
Status In production
Produced 1994–present
Developed from Earthstar Thunder Gull J

Design and development edit

The first in the Tornado series, the Tornado 103, which started development in 1990, was introduced in 1994 and designed to fit into the US FAR 103 Ultralight Vehicles category, meeting the 254 lb (115 kg) empty weight limit. If equipped with a light enough engine the Tornado 103 could qualify as a US ultralight.[1][3]

The Tornado borrows from the design of the Earthstar Thunder Gull J and shares a similar cantilever wing of small area, keeping stall speeds low by use of flaps. This low drag design manages high cross country speeds as a result. The cockpit is constructed from 4130 steel, while the fuselage boom tube and the wings are built from aluminium. Unlike the Gull's wing, which is aircraft fabric-covered or optionally finished in sheet aluminium,[12] the Tornado's wing is stressed skin. The Tornado has a tricycle undercarriage with a supplemental tailwheel castor, as the aircraft sits on its tail when unoccupied.[1][3]

Operational history edit

The Tornado 103 was named Ultralight Grand Champion at Sun 'n Fun 1994.[4]

Variants edit

Tornado 103
The first version, a single seater, intended for the US ultralight category with a 20 ft (6.1 m) wingspan. Standard engine was the 28 hp (21 kW) Rotax 277. No longer in production. Reported construction time is 300 hours. Ten were reported flying in 1998.[1][3][4]
Tornado Sport
Improved single seater version intended for the US homebuilt category with a 20 ft (6.1 m) wingspan. Standard engine is the 52 hp (39 kW) Rotax 503. No longer in production. Reported construction time is 300 hours. 89 were reported flying in 1999.[3][4][5]
Tornado MG
Single seater version intended for the US homebuilt category, with a 26 ft (7.9 m) wingspan. The wing is detachable for storage or transport. Standard engine is the 40 hp (30 kW) Rotax 447 and optional engines included the 52 hp (39 kW) Rotax 503, 64 hp (48 kW) Rotax 582, 74 hp (55 kW) Rotax 618 and the 80 hp (60 kW) Rotax 912UL. No longer in production. Reported construction time is 350 hours. Five were reported flying in 2011.[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][11]
Tornado I
Improved version of the Tornado Sport, intended for the US homebuilt category or light-sport aircraft category as its standard empty weight is 375 lb (170 kg). Standard engine is the 52 hp (39 kW) Rotax 503. Still in production.[2][10]
Tornado I Sport
Single seat version, intended for the US homebuilt category as its standard empty weight is 320 lb (145 kg). Standard engine is the 52 hp (39 kW) Rotax 503. No longer in production. 180 were reported flying in 2011.[6][7][8][9][11]
 
Tornado II
Tornado II
Two seats in tandem version, intended for the previous US ultralight trainer category and presently for the US homebuilt and light-sport categories. It has a 23.5 ft (7.2 m) wingspan. Standard engine is the 64 hp (48 kW) Rotax 582 and cruise speed is 100 mph (161 km/h) with that engine. Acceptable power range is 52 to 80 hp (39 to 60 kW). The 60 hp (45 kW) HKS 700E four-stroke engine has also been used. Still in production. Reported construction time is 350 hours. 120 were reported flying in 1998.[1][2][3][4][5][10][13]
Tornado II Trainer
Two seats in tandem version, intended for the previous US ultralight trainer category. It has a 23.5 ft (7.2 m) wingspan. Standard engine is the 64 hp (48 kW) Rotax 582. Acceptable power range is 52 to 80 hp (39 to 60 kW). No longer in production. Reported construction time is 350 hours. 510 were reported flying in 2011.[4][5][6][7][8][9][11]
Tornado II Sport
Two seats in tandem version, intended for the US homebuilt category. It has a 23.5 ft (7.2 m) wingspan. Standard engine is the 80 hp (60 kW) Rotax 912UL. Acceptable power range is 50 to 80 hp (37 to 60 kW). No longer in production. Reported construction time is 350 hours. 500 were reported flying in 2003.[6][7]
Tornado II 912
Two seats in tandem version, intended for the US homebuilt category. It has a 23.5 ft (7.2 m) wingspan. Standard engine is the 80 hp (60 kW) Rotax 912 and cruise speed is 120 mph (193 km/h) with that engine. Acceptable power range is 52 to 80 hp (39 to 60 kW). No longer in production. 145 were reported flying in 1999.[6]
Tornado II FP
Two seats in tandem amphibious floatplane version, intended for the US homebuilt category with a 23.5 ft (7.2 m) wingspan. Standard engine is the 74 hp (55 kW) Rotax 618 and cruise speed is 105 mph (169 km/h) with that engine. Out of production. Reported construction time is 350 hours. Twelve were reported flying in 2001.[3][4][6]
Tornado MG II
Two seats in tandem version, with a 26 ft (7.9 m) wingspan. The wing is detachable for storage or transport. Standard engine is the 40 hp (30 kW) Rotax 447 and the acceptable power range is 40 to 80 hp (30 to 60 kW). No longer in production. Reported construction time is 400 hours. Eight were reported flying in 2001.[4][5][6]
Tornado S
Two seats in tandem "stretched" fuselage version, intended for the US homebuilt and light-sport categories. It has a 23.5 ft (7.2 m) wingspan. Standard engine is the 100 hp (75 kW) Rotax 912ULS and cruise speed is 120 mph (193 km/h) with that engine. Acceptable power range is 52 to 120 hp (39 to 89 kW) and alternate engines include the 52 hp (39 kW) Rotax 503, 64 hp (48 kW) Rotax 582, 80 hp (60 kW) Rotax 912UL, 85 hp (63 kW) Jabiru 2200, or the 120 hp (89 kW) Jabiru 3300. Still in production. Reported construction time is 300 hours. 55 reported flying in 2011.[2][8][9][11]
 
Titan Tornado SS
Tornado SS
Two seats in tandem "super stretched" fuselage version, intended for the US homebuilt and light-sport categories. It features a longer and higher cockpit area with 4 in (10 cm) more headroom that the Tornado II along with a bigger rear door and a full-sized back seat. It has a 26 ft (7.9 m) wingspan. Acceptable power range is 80 to 120 hp (60 to 89 kW) and engines include the 80 hp (60 kW) Rotax 912UL, 100 hp (75 kW) Rotax 912ULS, 85 hp (63 kW) Jabiru 2200, or the 120 hp (89 kW) Jabiru 3300. Still in production. Twenty reported as flying in 2011.[2][9][11]

Specifications (Tornado 103) edit

Data from Cliche[1]

General characteristics

  • Crew: one
  • Length: 18 ft 6 in (5.64 m)
  • Wingspan: 20 ft 0 in (6.10 m)
  • Height: 6 ft 6 in (1.98 m)
  • Empty weight: 250 lb (113 kg)
  • Gross weight: 550 lb (249 kg)
  • Fuel capacity: 5 US Gallons (19 litres)
  • Powerplant: 1 × Rotax 277 single cylinder, two-stroke aircraft engine, 28 hp (21 kW)
  • Propellers: 2-bladed wooden

Performance

  • Cruise speed: 60 mph (97 km/h, 52 kn)
  • Stall speed: 25 mph (40 km/h, 22 kn) flaps down
  • Range: 120 mi (190 km, 100 nmi)
  • Service ceiling: 10,000 ft (3,000 m)
  • Rate of climb: 850 ft/min (4.3 m/s)

See also edit

Related development

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era

References edit

  1. ^ a b c d e f Cliche, Andre: Ultralight Aircraft Shopper's Guide 8th Edition, pages B-62 and B-108. Cybair Limited Publishing, 2001. ISBN 0-9680628-1-4
  2. ^ a b c d e Titan Aircraft (2011). "Welcome to Titan Aircraft". Retrieved January 27, 2011.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h Purdy, Don: AeroCrafter - Homebuilt Aircraft Sourcebook, pages 274-275. BAI Communications. ISBN 0-9636409-4-1
  4. ^ a b c d e f g h i Downey, Julia: 1999 Kit Aircraft Directory, Kitplanes, Volume 15, Number 12, December 1998, pages 72-73. Primedia Publications. ISSN 0891-1851
  5. ^ a b c d e f Downey, Julia: 2001 Kit Aircraft Directory, Kitplanes, Volume 17, Number 12, December 2000, page 78. Kitplanes Acquisition Company. ISSN 0891-1851
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h Downey, Julia: 2002 Kit Aircraft Directory, Kitplanes, Volume 18, Number 12, December 2001, page 70. Kitplanes Acquisition Company. ISSN 0891-1851
  7. ^ a b c d e Newby-Gonzalez, Tori: 2004 Kit Aircraft Directory, Kitplanes, Volume 20, Number 12, December 2003, page 80. Belvoir Publications. ISSN 0891-1851
  8. ^ a b c d e Downey, Julia: 2005 Kit Aircraft Directory, Kitplanes, Volume 21, Number 12, December 2004, page 83-84. Belvoir Publications. ISSN 0891-1851
  9. ^ a b c d e f Downey, Julia: 2008 Kit Aircraft Directory, Kitplanes, Volume 24, Number 12, December 2007, pages 75-76. Primedia Publications. ISSN 0891-1851
  10. ^ a b c Bertrand, Noel; Rene Coulon; et al: World Directory of Leisure Aviation 2003-04, page 164. Pagefast Ltd, Lancaster OK, 2003. ISSN 1368-485X
  11. ^ a b c d e f Vandermeullen, Richard: 2011 Kit Aircraft Buyer's Guide, Kitplanes, Volume 28, Number 12, December 2011, page 73. Belvoir Publications. ISSN 0891-1851
  12. ^ Cliche, Andre: Ultralight Aircraft Shopper's Guide 8th Edition, page B-61. Cybair Limited Publishing, 2001. ISBN 0-9680628-1-4
  13. ^ Bayerl, Robby; Martin Berkemeier; et al: World Directory of Leisure Aviation 2011-12, page 124. WDLA UK, Lancaster UK, 2011. ISSN 1368-485X

External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Titan Tornado.
  • Official website

May 01, 2024
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The Titan Tornado is large family of cantilever high wing pusher configuration tricycle gear equipped kit aircraft manufactured by Titan Aircraft of Austinburg Ohio for amateur construction 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Titan Tornado Tornado II Role Kit aircraft National origin United States Manufacturer Titan Aircraft Introduction 1994 Status In production Produced 1994 present Developed from Earthstar Thunder Gull J Contents 1 Design and development 2 Operational history 3 Variants 4 Specifications Tornado 103 5 See also 6 References 7 External linksDesign and development editThe first in the Tornado series the Tornado 103 which started development in 1990 was introduced in 1994 and designed to fit into the US FAR 103 Ultralight Vehicles category meeting the 254 lb 115 kg empty weight limit If equipped with a light enough engine the Tornado 103 could qualify as a US ultralight 1 3 The Tornado borrows from the design of the Earthstar Thunder Gull J and shares a similar cantilever wing of small area keeping stall speeds low by use of flaps This low drag design manages high cross country speeds as a result The cockpit is constructed from 4130 steel while the fuselage boom tube and the wings are built from aluminium Unlike the Gull s wing which is aircraft fabric covered or optionally finished in sheet aluminium 12 the Tornado s wing is stressed skin The Tornado has a tricycle undercarriage with a supplemental tailwheel castor as the aircraft sits on its tail when unoccupied 1 3 Operational history editThe Tornado 103 was named Ultralight Grand Champion at Sun n Fun 1994 4 Variants editTornado 103 The first version a single seater intended for the US ultralight category with a 20 ft 6 1 m wingspan Standard engine was the 28 hp 21 kW Rotax 277 No longer in production Reported construction time is 300 hours Ten were reported flying in 1998 1 3 4 Tornado Sport Improved single seater version intended for the US homebuilt category with a 20 ft 6 1 m wingspan Standard engine is the 52 hp 39 kW Rotax 503 No longer in production Reported construction time is 300 hours 89 were reported flying in 1999 3 4 5 Tornado MG Single seater version intended for the US homebuilt category with a 26 ft 7 9 m wingspan The wing is detachable for storage or transport Standard engine is the 40 hp 30 kW Rotax 447 and optional engines included the 52 hp 39 kW Rotax 503 64 hp 48 kW Rotax 582 74 hp 55 kW Rotax 618 and the 80 hp 60 kW Rotax 912UL No longer in production Reported construction time is 350 hours Five were reported flying in 2011 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 11 Tornado I Improved version of the Tornado Sport intended for the US homebuilt category or light sport aircraft category as its standard empty weight is 375 lb 170 kg Standard engine is the 52 hp 39 kW Rotax 503 Still in production 2 10 Tornado I Sport Single seat version intended for the US homebuilt category as its standard empty weight is 320 lb 145 kg Standard engine is the 52 hp 39 kW Rotax 503 No longer in production 180 were reported flying in 2011 6 7 8 9 11 nbsp Tornado II Tornado II Two seats in tandem version intended for the previous US ultralight trainer category and presently for the US homebuilt and light sport categories It has a 23 5 ft 7 2 m wingspan Standard engine is the 64 hp 48 kW Rotax 582 and cruise speed is 100 mph 161 km h with that engine Acceptable power range is 52 to 80 hp 39 to 60 kW The 60 hp 45 kW HKS 700E four stroke engine has also been used Still in production Reported construction time is 350 hours 120 were reported flying in 1998 1 2 3 4 5 10 13 Tornado II Trainer Two seats in tandem version intended for the previous US ultralight trainer category It has a 23 5 ft 7 2 m wingspan Standard engine is the 64 hp 48 kW Rotax 582 Acceptable power range is 52 to 80 hp 39 to 60 kW No longer in production Reported construction time is 350 hours 510 were reported flying in 2011 4 5 6 7 8 9 11 Tornado II Sport Two seats in tandem version intended for the US homebuilt category It has a 23 5 ft 7 2 m wingspan Standard engine is the 80 hp 60 kW Rotax 912UL Acceptable power range is 50 to 80 hp 37 to 60 kW No longer in production Reported construction time is 350 hours 500 were reported flying in 2003 6 7 Tornado II 912 Two seats in tandem version intended for the US homebuilt category It has a 23 5 ft 7 2 m wingspan Standard engine is the 80 hp 60 kW Rotax 912 and cruise speed is 120 mph 193 km h with that engine Acceptable power range is 52 to 80 hp 39 to 60 kW No longer in production 145 were reported flying in 1999 6 Tornado II FP Two seats in tandem amphibious floatplane version intended for the US homebuilt category with a 23 5 ft 7 2 m wingspan Standard engine is the 74 hp 55 kW Rotax 618 and cruise speed is 105 mph 169 km h with that engine Out of production Reported construction time is 350 hours Twelve were reported flying in 2001 3 4 6 Tornado MG II Two seats in tandem version with a 26 ft 7 9 m wingspan The wing is detachable for storage or transport Standard engine is the 40 hp 30 kW Rotax 447 and the acceptable power range is 40 to 80 hp 30 to 60 kW No longer in production Reported construction time is 400 hours Eight were reported flying in 2001 4 5 6 Tornado S Two seats in tandem stretched fuselage version intended for the US homebuilt and light sport categories It has a 23 5 ft 7 2 m wingspan Standard engine is the 100 hp 75 kW Rotax 912ULS and cruise speed is 120 mph 193 km h with that engine Acceptable power range is 52 to 120 hp 39 to 89 kW and alternate engines include the 52 hp 39 kW Rotax 503 64 hp 48 kW Rotax 582 80 hp 60 kW Rotax 912UL 85 hp 63 kW Jabiru 2200 or the 120 hp 89 kW Jabiru 3300 Still in production Reported construction time is 300 hours 55 reported flying in 2011 2 8 9 11 nbsp Titan Tornado SS Tornado SS Two seats in tandem super stretched fuselage version intended for the US homebuilt and light sport categories It features a longer and higher cockpit area with 4 in 10 cm more headroom that the Tornado II along with a bigger rear door and a full sized back seat It has a 26 ft 7 9 m wingspan Acceptable power range is 80 to 120 hp 60 to 89 kW and engines include the 80 hp 60 kW Rotax 912UL 100 hp 75 kW Rotax 912ULS 85 hp 63 kW Jabiru 2200 or the 120 hp 89 kW Jabiru 3300 Still in production Twenty reported as flying in 2011 2 9 11 Specifications Tornado 103 editData from Cliche 1 General characteristicsCrew one Length 18 ft 6 in 5 64 m Wingspan 20 ft 0 in 6 10 m Height 6 ft 6 in 1 98 m Empty weight 250 lb 113 kg Gross weight 550 lb 249 kg Fuel capacity 5 US Gallons 19 litres Powerplant 1 Rotax 277 single cylinder two stroke aircraft engine 28 hp 21 kW Propellers 2 bladed wooden Performance Cruise speed 60 mph 97 km h 52 kn Stall speed 25 mph 40 km h 22 kn flaps down Range 120 mi 190 km 100 nmi Service ceiling 10 000 ft 3 000 m Rate of climb 850 ft min 4 3 m s See also edit nbsp Aviation portal Related development Earthstar Thunder Gull J Aircraft of comparable role configuration and era Excalibur Aircraft Excalibur Quad City ChallengerReferences edit a b c d e f Cliche Andre Ultralight Aircraft Shopper s Guide 8th Edition pages B 62 and B 108 Cybair Limited Publishing 2001 ISBN 0 9680628 1 4 a b c d e Titan Aircraft 2011 Welcome to Titan Aircraft Retrieved January 27 2011 a b c d e f g h Purdy Don AeroCrafter Homebuilt Aircraft Sourcebook pages 274 275 BAI Communications ISBN 0 9636409 4 1 a b c d e f g h i Downey Julia 1999 Kit Aircraft Directory Kitplanes Volume 15 Number 12 December 1998 pages 72 73 Primedia Publications ISSN 0891 1851 a b c d e f Downey Julia 2001 Kit Aircraft Directory Kitplanes Volume 17 Number 12 December 2000 page 78 Kitplanes Acquisition Company ISSN 0891 1851 a b c d e f g h Downey Julia 2002 Kit Aircraft Directory Kitplanes Volume 18 Number 12 December 2001 page 70 Kitplanes Acquisition Company ISSN 0891 1851 a b c d e Newby Gonzalez Tori 2004 Kit Aircraft Directory Kitplanes Volume 20 Number 12 December 2003 page 80 Belvoir Publications ISSN 0891 1851 a b c d e Downey Julia 2005 Kit Aircraft Directory Kitplanes Volume 21 Number 12 December 2004 page 83 84 Belvoir Publications ISSN 0891 1851 a b c d e f Downey Julia 2008 Kit Aircraft Directory Kitplanes Volume 24 Number 12 December 2007 pages 75 76 Primedia Publications ISSN 0891 1851 a b c Bertrand Noel Rene Coulon et al World Directory of Leisure Aviation 2003 04 page 164 Pagefast Ltd Lancaster OK 2003 ISSN 1368 485X a b c d e f Vandermeullen Richard 2011 Kit Aircraft Buyer s Guide Kitplanes Volume 28 Number 12 December 2011 page 73 Belvoir Publications ISSN 0891 1851 Cliche Andre Ultralight Aircraft Shopper s Guide 8th Edition page B 61 Cybair Limited Publishing 2001 ISBN 0 9680628 1 4 Bayerl Robby Martin Berkemeier et al World Directory of Leisure Aviation 2011 12 page 124 WDLA UK Lancaster UK 2011 ISSN 1368 485XExternal links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Titan Tornado Official website Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Titan Tornado amp oldid 1112670704, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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