Thutmose, also known as "The King's Favourite and Master of Works, the Sculptor Thutmose" (also spelled Djhutmose, Thutmosis, and Thutmes), was an Ancient Egyptian sculptor. He flourished around 1350 BC, and is thought to have been the official court sculptor of the EgyptianpharaohAkhenaten in the latter part of his reign. A German archaeological expedition digging in Akhenaten's deserted city of Akhetaten, known today as Amarna, found a ruined house and studio complex (labeled P47.1-3)[1] in early December 1912;[2] the building was identified as that of Thutmose based on an ivory horse blinker found in a rubbish pit in the courtyard inscribed with his name and job title.[3] Since it gave his occupation as "sculptor" and the building was clearly a sculpture workshop, the determination seemed logical and has proven to be accurate.
Among many other sculptural items recovered at the same time was the polychromebust of Nefertiti, apparently a master study for others to copy, which was found on the floor of a storeroom. In addition to this now-famous bust, twenty-two plaster casts of faces—some of which are full heads, others just the face—were found in Rooms 18 and 19 of the studio, with an additional one found in Room 14.[4] Eight of these have been identified as various members of the royal family, including Akhenaten, his other wife Kiya, his late father Amenhotep III, and his eventual successor Ay. The rest represent unknown individuals, presumably contemporary residents of Amarna.[4]
A couple of the pieces found in the workshop depict realistic images of older noblewomen, something rare in Ancient Egyptian art, which more often portrayed women in an idealized manner as always young, slender, and beautiful.[5] One of the plaster faces depicts an older woman, with wrinkles at the corner of her eyes, bags under them, and a deeply lined forehead. This piece has been described as showing "a greater variety of wrinkles than any other depiction of an elite woman from ancient Egypt"[6] It is thought to represent the image of a wise, older woman.[6] A small statue of an aging Nefertiti also was found in the workshop, depicting her with a rounded, drooping belly, thick thighs, and a curved line at the base of her abdomen showing that she had borne several children, perhaps intended to project an image of fertility.[7]
Examples of his work recovered from his abandoned studio may be viewed at the Egyptian Museum of Berlin, the Egyptian Museum in Cairo, and the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City. Upon the death of Akhenaten, the seat of government was returned from Amarna to Thebes and the associated bureaucratic and professional industries followed.
In 1996 the French Egyptologist Alain Zivie discovered at Saqqara the decorated rock cut tomb of the "head of the painters in the place of truth", Thutmose. The tomb dates to the time shortly after the Amarna Period. Although the title of the Thutmose in Saqqara is slightly different from the title of the Thutmose known from Amarna, it seems likely that they refer to the same person and that the different titles represent different stages in his career.[8]
An extensive article by Zivie in the July–August 2018 edition of Biblical Archaeology Review provides great detail and many images of artifacts recovered in an adjacent tomb,[9] discussion of many aspects of several topics regarding Ancient Egyptian research and identification, as well as information about the sculptor, Thutmose.
Gallery of imagesedit
Plaster face of an older Amarna-era woman, from late in Akhenaten's reign, years 14–17, from the workshop of the sculptor Thutmose, on display at the Ägyptisches Museum
Plaster face of a young Amarna-era woman, (thought by many to represent Kiya, one of Akhenaten's wives), from late in Akhenaten's reign, years 14–17, from the workshop of the sculptor Thutmose, on display at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City
Portrait study thought to represent Kiya, a secondary wife to the pharaoh Akhenaten, discovered within the workshop of the royal sculptor Thutmose at Amarna, now part of the Egyptian Museum of Berlin collection
Portrait study thought to represent Amenhotep III, the father of pharaoh Akhenaten, discovered within the workshop of the royal sculptor Thutmose at Amarna, now part of the Egyptian Museum of Berlin collection
Plaster portrait study thought to represent the later successor pharaoh Ay, part of the Egyptian Museum of Berlin collection
Statuette of Queen Nefertiti rendered in limestone from the workshop of the sculptor Thutmose, on display at the Egyptian Museum of Berlin
Plaster portrait study thought to represent Queen Nefertiti, primary wife of the pharaoh Akhenaten, discovered within the workshop of the royal sculptor Thutmose at Amarna, now part of the Egyptian Museum of Berlin
Granite statue of the head of Queen Nefertiti, from the workshop of the sculptor Thutmose, on display at the Egyptian Museum of Berlin
^Alain Zivie: La tombe de Thoutmes, directeur des peintres dans la Place de Maât, 2013
^Zivie, Alain, Pharaoh's Man, Abdiel, the vizier with a Semitic name, Biblical Archaeology Review, July–August 2018, page 23,ff
Bibliographyedit
Aldred, Cyril (1988). Akhenaten: King of Egypt. Thames and Hudson. pp. 59.
Dodson, Aidan (2009). Amarna Sunset: Nefertiti, Tutankhamun, Ay, Horemheb, and the Egyptian Counter-Reformation. The American University in Cairo Press. ISBN978-977-416-304-3.
Rita E. Freed, Yvonne J. Markowitz, Sue H. D'Auria, Pharaohs of the Sun: Akhenaten - Nefertiti - Tutankhamen (Museum of Fine Arts, 1999), pp. 123–126.
Krauss, Rolf (2008). "Why Nefertiti Went to Berlin". Kmt. 19 (3): 44–53.
Tyldesley, Joyce (2006). Chronicle of the Queens of Egypt. Thames & Hudson. ISBN0-500-05145-3.
Sweeney, Deborah (2004). "Forever Young? The Representation of Older and Ageing Women in Ancient Egyptian Art". Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt. American Research Center in Egypt. 41: 67–84. doi:10.2307/20297188. JSTOR 20297188.
Ägyptisches Museum und Papyrussammlung Berlin, Friederike Seyfried (Hrsg.): Im Licht von Amarna: 100 Jahre Fund der Nofretete; [Katalog zur Ausstellung vom 07. Dezember 2012-13. April 2013: 100 Jahre Fund der Nofretete]. Imhof, Petersberg 2012, Seite 170 ff. Friederike Seyfried. Der Werkstattkomplex des Thutmosis.
External linksedit
Sculptor Thutmose’s Complex – image comparisons, Rifkind's World
November 25, 2023
thutmose, sculptor, name, thutmose, thutmose, thutmose, also, known, king, favourite, master, works, sculptor, thutmose, also, spelled, djhutmose, thutmosis, thutmes, ancient, egyptian, sculptor, flourished, around, 1350, thought, have, been, official, court, . For the name Thutmose see Thutmose Thutmose also known as The King s Favourite and Master of Works the Sculptor Thutmose also spelled Djhutmose Thutmosis and Thutmes was an Ancient Egyptian sculptor He flourished around 1350 BC and is thought to have been the official court sculptor of the Egyptian pharaoh Akhenaten in the latter part of his reign A German archaeological expedition digging in Akhenaten s deserted city of Akhetaten known today as Amarna found a ruined house and studio complex labeled P47 1 3 1 in early December 1912 2 the building was identified as that of Thutmose based on an ivory horse blinker found in a rubbish pit in the courtyard inscribed with his name and job title 3 Since it gave his occupation as sculptor and the building was clearly a sculpture workshop the determination seemed logical and has proven to be accurate ThutmoseBorn14th century BCNationalityEgyptianKnown forSculptureNotable workBust of NefertitiMovementAmarna artPatron s Pharaoh Akhenaten Contents 1 Recovered works 2 Tomb 3 Gallery of images 4 Footnotes 4 1 Bibliography 5 External linksRecovered works edit nbsp Bust of Nefertiti by Thutmose on display at the Neues Museum in BerlinAmong many other sculptural items recovered at the same time was the polychrome bust of Nefertiti apparently a master study for others to copy which was found on the floor of a storeroom In addition to this now famous bust twenty two plaster casts of faces some of which are full heads others just the face were found in Rooms 18 and 19 of the studio with an additional one found in Room 14 4 Eight of these have been identified as various members of the royal family including Akhenaten his other wife Kiya his late father Amenhotep III and his eventual successor Ay The rest represent unknown individuals presumably contemporary residents of Amarna 4 A couple of the pieces found in the workshop depict realistic images of older noblewomen something rare in Ancient Egyptian art which more often portrayed women in an idealized manner as always young slender and beautiful 5 One of the plaster faces depicts an older woman with wrinkles at the corner of her eyes bags under them and a deeply lined forehead This piece has been described as showing a greater variety of wrinkles than any other depiction of an elite woman from ancient Egypt 6 It is thought to represent the image of a wise older woman 6 A small statue of an aging Nefertiti also was found in the workshop depicting her with a rounded drooping belly thick thighs and a curved line at the base of her abdomen showing that she had borne several children perhaps intended to project an image of fertility 7 Examples of his work recovered from his abandoned studio may be viewed at the Egyptian Museum of Berlin the Egyptian Museum in Cairo and the Metropolitan Museum of Art New York City Upon the death of Akhenaten the seat of government was returned from Amarna to Thebes and the associated bureaucratic and professional industries followed Tomb editFurther information Tomb of Thutmose In 1996 the French Egyptologist Alain Zivie discovered at Saqqara the decorated rock cut tomb of the head of the painters in the place of truth Thutmose The tomb dates to the time shortly after the Amarna Period Although the title of the Thutmose in Saqqara is slightly different from the title of the Thutmose known from Amarna it seems likely that they refer to the same person and that the different titles represent different stages in his career 8 An extensive article by Zivie in the July August 2018 edition of Biblical Archaeology Review provides great detail and many images of artifacts recovered in an adjacent tomb 9 discussion of many aspects of several topics regarding Ancient Egyptian research and identification as well as information about the sculptor Thutmose Gallery of images edit nbsp Plaster face of an older Amarna era woman from late in Akhenaten s reign years 14 17 from the workshop of the sculptor Thutmose on display at the Agyptisches Museum nbsp Plaster face of a young Amarna era woman thought by many to represent Kiya one of Akhenaten s wives from late in Akhenaten s reign years 14 17 from the workshop of the sculptor Thutmose on display at the Metropolitan Museum of Art New York City nbsp Portrait study thought to represent Kiya a secondary wife to the pharaoh Akhenaten discovered within the workshop of the royal sculptor Thutmose at Amarna now part of the Egyptian Museum of Berlin collection nbsp Portrait study thought to represent Amenhotep III the father of pharaoh Akhenaten discovered within the workshop of the royal sculptor Thutmose at Amarna now part of the Egyptian Museum of Berlin collection nbsp Plaster portrait study thought to represent the later successor pharaoh Ay part of the Egyptian Museum of Berlin collection nbsp Statuette of Queen Nefertiti rendered in limestone from the workshop of the sculptor Thutmose on display at the Egyptian Museum of Berlin nbsp Plaster portrait study thought to represent Queen Nefertiti primary wife of the pharaoh Akhenaten discovered within the workshop of the royal sculptor Thutmose at Amarna now part of the Egyptian Museum of Berlin nbsp Granite statue of the head of Queen Nefertiti from the workshop of the sculptor Thutmose on display at the Egyptian Museum of BerlinFootnotes edit Located at 27 38 11 N 30 53 47 E 27 63639 N 30 89639 E 27 63639 30 89639 Krauss 2008 p 47 Reeves 2005 p 157 a b Krauss 2008 p 51 Sweeney 2004 p 67 a b Sweeney 2004 p 79 Tyldesley 2006 p 126 127 Alain Zivie La tombe de Thoutmes directeur des peintres dans la Place de Maat 2013 Zivie Alain Pharaoh s Man Abdiel the vizier with a Semitic name Biblical Archaeology Review July August 2018 page 23 ff Bibliography edit Aldred Cyril 1988 Akhenaten King of Egypt Thames and Hudson pp 59 Dodson Aidan 2009 Amarna Sunset Nefertiti Tutankhamun Ay Horemheb and the Egyptian Counter Reformation The American University in Cairo Press ISBN 978 977 416 304 3 Rita E Freed Yvonne J Markowitz Sue H D Auria Pharaohs of the Sun Akhenaten Nefertiti Tutankhamen Museum of Fine Arts 1999 pp 123 126 Krauss Rolf 2008 Why Nefertiti Went to Berlin Kmt 19 3 44 53 Tyldesley Joyce 2006 Chronicle of the Queens of Egypt Thames amp Hudson ISBN 0 500 05145 3 Sweeney Deborah 2004 Forever Young The Representation of Older and Ageing Women in Ancient Egyptian Art Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt American Research Center in Egypt 41 67 84 doi 10 2307 20297188 JSTOR 20297188 Agyptisches Museum und Papyrussammlung Berlin Friederike Seyfried Hrsg Im Licht von Amarna 100 Jahre Fund der Nofretete Katalog zur Ausstellung vom 07 Dezember 2012 13 April 2013 100 Jahre Fund der Nofretete Imhof Petersberg 2012 Seite 170 ff Friederike Seyfried Der Werkstattkomplex des Thutmosis External links editSculptor Thutmose s Complex image comparisons Rifkind s World Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Thutmose sculptor amp oldid 1167908388, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
