Carl Theodor Höijer (20 February 1843, Helsinki – 31 October 1910, Helsinki) was a Finnish architect. He designed a large number of buildings in central Helsinki. He was the first architect in Finland who managed to pursue a truly successful career without holding an official office. He has been described as the foremost architect working in Neo-Renaissance style in Finland.[1][2]
Theodor Höijer was the son of a mirror manufacturer, Henrik Höijer. The father wanted Theodor Höijer to go into the family business and needed a co-worker with skills in architecture. Theodor Höijer never finished high school and had to acquire his skills outside the normal institutions. Initially he worked as an assistant to the county architect of Turku, Georg Theodor Chiewitz, and later studied at the Royal Institute of Art in Stockholm. Here he was heavily influenced by his teacher Fredrik Wilhelm Scholander. He returned to Finland in 1868. In the meantime, his father's business had ceased to operate and he began working independently as an architect. Although he applied for a job at the government agency responsible for supervising building activity he was never accepted and worked his whole life as an independent, privately operating architect.[3]
His first commissions came from a large industrial brewery, the Diocese of Helsinki and Helsinki Municipality. His breakthrough came in 1876, when he was responsible for designing the buildings of a large industrial exhibition. Around the same time he received a prestigious commission from the industrialist Fredrik Wilhelm Grönqvist to build a large tenement house in a central Helsinki (1880), and subsequently got more and more commissions. These were often from the upper middle class, and many times concerned large buildings in central Helsinki (such as Hotel Kämp, 1886). To a degree it can be said that central Helsinki is characterised by the buildings of Höijer.[3] He has been described as the foremost architect working in Neo-Renaissance style in Finland.[4]
The design for Ateneum (built 1885) marked the high point of Höijer's career. During the 1890s the building activity in Helsinki dropped, and when it increased again around 1900 his style was becoming out of fashion. He was at this time heavily criticised by the younger generation of architects in Finland. He continued to be active but on a smaller scale, with less prestigious commissions and together with a partner, the engineer Robert Huber.[3]
Apart from his work as an independent designer of buildings, Höijer was influential in so far as he managed to create a successful business model and organise his architectural firm in a way that inspired many other architects. He also contributed to setting up an architects' club in Finland. He also taught draughtsmanship at the Polytechnical Institute (today Helsinki Technical University) in 1873–76. After his forced retirement in 1905 due to illness, he was granted a pension by the Finnish Senate.[3]
^Viljo, Eeva Maija (14 March 2000). "Höijer, Theodor (1843 - 1910)". Kansallisbiografia. Retrieved 7 August 2020.
^Nissinen, Hannes (27 December 2017). "Arkkitehti Theodor Höijer teki Helsingistä Wieniä tai Pariisia – iso osa hänen suunnittelemistaan taloista lanattiin matalaksi 1960-luvulla". Helsingin Sanomat. Retrieved 7 August 2020.
^ abcdViljo, Eeva Maija. "HÖIJER, Theodor" (in Swedish). Biografiskt lexikon för Finland. Retrieved 14 September 2016.
^"Höijer, Theodor" (in Swedish). Uppslagsverket Finland. Retrieved 14 September 2016.
External links
Media related to Theodor Höijer at Wikimedia Commons
theodor, höijer, carl, february, 1843, helsinki, october, 1910, helsinki, finnish, architect, designed, large, number, buildings, central, helsinki, first, architect, finland, managed, pursue, truly, successful, career, without, holding, official, office, been. Carl Theodor Hoijer 20 February 1843 Helsinki 31 October 1910 Helsinki was a Finnish architect He designed a large number of buildings in central Helsinki He was the first architect in Finland who managed to pursue a truly successful career without holding an official office He has been described as the foremost architect working in Neo Renaissance style in Finland 1 2 Theodor HoijerHoijer in 1900BornCarl Theodor Hoijer 1843 02 20 20 February 1843Helsinki Grand Duchy of FinlandDied31 October 1910 1910 10 31 aged 67 Helsinki Grand Duchy of FinlandNationalityFinnishOccupationArchitect Contents 1 Life and work 2 Gallery 3 See also 4 References 5 External linksLife and work EditTheodor Hoijer was the son of a mirror manufacturer Henrik Hoijer The father wanted Theodor Hoijer to go into the family business and needed a co worker with skills in architecture Theodor Hoijer never finished high school and had to acquire his skills outside the normal institutions Initially he worked as an assistant to the county architect of Turku Georg Theodor Chiewitz and later studied at the Royal Institute of Art in Stockholm Here he was heavily influenced by his teacher Fredrik Wilhelm Scholander He returned to Finland in 1868 In the meantime his father s business had ceased to operate and he began working independently as an architect Although he applied for a job at the government agency responsible for supervising building activity he was never accepted and worked his whole life as an independent privately operating architect 3 His first commissions came from a large industrial brewery the Diocese of Helsinki and Helsinki Municipality His breakthrough came in 1876 when he was responsible for designing the buildings of a large industrial exhibition Around the same time he received a prestigious commission from the industrialist Fredrik Wilhelm Gronqvist to build a large tenement house in a central Helsinki 1880 and subsequently got more and more commissions These were often from the upper middle class and many times concerned large buildings in central Helsinki such as Hotel Kamp 1886 To a degree it can be said that central Helsinki is characterised by the buildings of Hoijer 3 He has been described as the foremost architect working in Neo Renaissance style in Finland 4 The design for Ateneum built 1885 marked the high point of Hoijer s career During the 1890s the building activity in Helsinki dropped and when it increased again around 1900 his style was becoming out of fashion He was at this time heavily criticised by the younger generation of architects in Finland He continued to be active but on a smaller scale with less prestigious commissions and together with a partner the engineer Robert Huber 3 Apart from his work as an independent designer of buildings Hoijer was influential in so far as he managed to create a successful business model and organise his architectural firm in a way that inspired many other architects He also contributed to setting up an architects club in Finland He also taught draughtsmanship at the Polytechnical Institute today Helsinki Technical University in 1873 76 After his forced retirement in 1905 due to illness he was granted a pension by the Finnish Senate 3 Gallery Edit House for Fredrik Wilhelm Gronqvist 1880 Ateneum 1885 Hotel Kamp 1886 Finnish Pavilion at the Paris 1889 ExpositionSee also EditArchitecture of Finland Finnish artReferences Edit Viljo Eeva Maija 14 March 2000 Hoijer Theodor 1843 1910 Kansallisbiografia Retrieved 7 August 2020 Nissinen Hannes 27 December 2017 Arkkitehti Theodor Hoijer teki Helsingista Wienia tai Pariisia iso osa hanen suunnittelemistaan taloista lanattiin matalaksi 1960 luvulla Helsingin Sanomat Retrieved 7 August 2020 a b c d Viljo Eeva Maija HOIJER Theodor in Swedish Biografiskt lexikon for Finland Retrieved 14 September 2016 Hoijer Theodor in Swedish Uppslagsverket Finland Retrieved 14 September 2016 External links Edit Media related to Theodor Hoijer at Wikimedia CommonsPortals Architecture Biography Finland Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Theodor Hoijer amp oldid 1066747795, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
