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Texas and Pacific Railway

February 15, 2024

"Texas and Pacific" redirects here. For the Louis Jordan song, see Texas and Pacific (song).

The Texas and Pacific Railway Company (known as the T&P) was created by federal charter in 1871 with the purpose of building a southern transcontinental railroad between Marshall, Texas, and San Diego, California.

Texas and Pacific Railway
Overview
HeadquartersMarshall, Texas
Reporting markTP
LocaleTexas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Arkansas
Dates of operation1871–1976
SuccessorMissouri Pacific
Technical
Track gauge4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) standard gauge

History edit

Under the influence of General Buell, the T&P was originally to be 3 ft 6 in (1,067 mm) gauge, but this was overturned when the state legislature passed a law requiring 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) gauge.[1]

The T&P had a significant foothold in Texas by the mid-1870s. Construction difficulties delayed westward progress, until American financier Jay Gould acquired an interest in the railroad in 1879. The T&P never reached San Diego; instead it met the Southern Pacific at Sierra Blanca, Texas, in 1881.

The Missouri Pacific Railroad, also controlled by Gould, leased the T&P from 1881 to 1885 and continued a cooperative relationship with the T&P after the lease ended. Missouri Pacific gained majority ownership of the Texas and Pacific Railway's stock in 1928, but allowed it to continue operation as a separate entity until they were eventually merged on October 15, 1976. On January 8, 1980, the Missouri Pacific Railroad was purchased by the Union Pacific Railroad. Because of lawsuits filed by competing railroads, the merger was not approved until September 13, 1982. Due to outstanding bonds of the Missouri Pacific, though, the actual merger with the Union Pacific Railroad took place on January 1, 1997.

 
Texas & Pacific station and office building in Fort Worth, Texas

Several parts of the Texas and Pacific remain to this day, mainly two towering buildings, which help define the southern side of Fort Worth's skyline—the original station and office tower and a warehouse located immediately to the west. In 2001, the passenger platforms at the T&P station were put into use for the first time in decades as the westernmost terminus for the Trinity Railway Express, a commuter rail line connecting Fort Worth and Dallas. The T&P Warehouse still exists, but remains vacant with no plans to renovate it despite significant civic support and third-party developer interest. The passenger terminal and corporate offices have been converted into luxury condominiums.

Major named passenger trains of the Texas and Pacific edit

Major named passenger trains of the Texas and Pacific (route sections between St. Louis and Texarkana were operated by Missouri Pacific):

Timeline edit

 
1878 map showing the Texas and Pacific Railway in Texas
 
Cover Art of Texas and Pacific Railway Passenger Timetable of July 1901
  • March 3, 1871 - United States Congress grants a charter to the Texas Pacific Railroad Company
  • 1871 - Texas legislature charters the company and grant permission to purchase the Southern Trans-Continental Railway Company and the Southern Pacific Railroad Company. Note: This is a different Southern Pacific Railroad company from the one referred to above.
  • March 21, 1872 - The Southern Pacific is purchased.
  • March 30 - Southern Trans-Continental Railway Company is purchased.
  • 1872 - Thomas A. Scott, president of the Pennsylvania Railroad, becomes president of the Texas & Pacific.
  • May 2, 1872 - an Act of Congress changes the name to Texas and Pacific Railway Company
  • June 12, 1873 - Memphis, El Paso and Pacific Railroad Company purchased.
  • July 1, 1873 - First rail line opened between Longview, Texas, and Dallas, Texas
  • December 28, 1873 - Rail line from Marshall, Texas, to Texarkana, Texas, placed in service.
  • 1881 - Abilene, TX connected to the line.[2]
  • 1888 - Flooding in Louisiana due to the 1886/1887 hurricane season and crop failures in Texas due to drought caused T&P to go into bankruptcy. The bonds that were sold to pay for the construction of the rail lines could not be paid, so the court converted the land into an asset of a separate company, the Texas Pacific Land Trust.
  • 1925 - Lima Locomotive Works delivers 2-10-4 locomotives to the T&P. The type is nicknamed "Texas" as a result.
  • October 15, 1976 - merged with the Missouri Pacific
Revenue Freight Traffic (Millions of Net Ton-Miles)
T&P KO&G/KO&G of TX Midland Valley Cisco & Northeastern Pecos Valley Southern Texas Short Line
1925 1763 193 230 4 7 0.8
1933 1498 163 84 (with T&P) (with T&P) (with T&P)
1944 4761 412 113
1960 4168 495 97
1970 5854 150 (merged Apr 1970) (merged 1967)

"T&P" includes its subsidiary roads (A&S, D&PS, T-NM etc.); operated route-miles totalled 2259 at the end of 1929 (after C&NE, PVS and TSL had become subsidiaries) and 2033 at the end of 1960.

Legal disputes edit

The Texas and Pacific was unable to finance construction to San Diego, and as a result the Southern Pacific was able to build from California to Sierra Blanca, Texas. In doing so, Southern Pacific used land designated for, and surveyed by Texas and Pacific, in its rail line from Yuma, Arizona, to El Paso, Texas. This resulted in lawsuits, which were settled with agreements to share tracks, and to cooperate in the building of new tracks. Most of the features advantageous to Texas and Pacific were later disallowed by legislation.

Land grants edit

 
Route map of the railroad, circa 1950s (bold lines are T&P; thin lines denote connecting service for Eagle passenger trains)

From 1873 to 1881 the Texas and Pacific built a total of 972 miles (1,560 km) of track; as a result it was entitled to land grants totalling 12,441,600 acres (50,349 km2). T&P, however, received land only for the construction of track east of Fort Worth. This meant the firm received only 5,173,120 acres (20,935 km2). The State of Texas did not award the additional area because, it said, the construction had not been completed within the time required by the firm's charter. The then state Attorney General Charles A. Culberson filed suit to recover 301,893 acres (1,222 km2) on the grounds that "the road had been granted land partly on sidetracks and partly on land not subject to location."[3] The state ultimately recovered 256,046 acres (1,036 km2) giving a net grant to the T&P of 4,917,074 acres (19,899 km2), or 7,683 square miles. By comparison, the state of Connecticut is 5,543 square miles (14,356 km2).[citation needed]

Surviving Steam Locomotives edit

Number Build Date Builder Class Wheel Type Notes Photo
316 1901 Cooke Locomotive Works D-9 4-6-0 Sold to the Paris and Mount Pleasant Railroad in 1949. Donated to Abilene, Texas in 1951. Donated again to the Texas State Railroad in 1974 and was renumbered to 201. The locomotive was taken out of service at the end of the 2013 season. It is currently on display outside the Palestine engine house awaiting a possible restoration to service.
 
400 1915 Baldwin Locomotive Works E-4A1 2-8-2 Originally Fort Worth and Denver City Railway 410. It was sold to the Texas and Pacific Railway in 1958 to help pull freight trains through the flooded waters of the Red River. The locomotive suffered a mechanical breakdown and was donated to Marshall, Texas in 1963. The locomotive was unfortunately vandalized, and many of the original hardware was stolen from the locomotive (bell, headlight, backlight, classification lanterns, and many more items). In 2008, the locomotive was moved to the Texas and Pacific Railway Museum, put on display and received a cosmetic restoration. The locomotive still remains on display today.
 
610 1927 Lima Locomotive Works I-1a 2-10-4 Donated to Fort Worth, Texas in 1951. In 1975, the locomotive was selected to pull the American Freedom Train. The locomotive was restored to operation in 1976 and pulled the AFT throughout Texas. Afterwards, the Southern Railway leased the 610 to pull excursion trains. In 1981, the locomotive returned to Texas. In 1982, it moved to the Texas State Railroad where it currently remains today on static display.
 

Texas Pacific Land Trust edit

The Texas Pacific Land Trust (NYSE: TPL) was created in 1888 in the wake of the bankruptcy of the T&P in order to provide an efficient and orderly way to sell the railway's land, receiving at the time in excess of 3.5 million acres (14,000 km2). As of 31 December 2006 the Trust was still the largest private land owner in the state of Texas,[4] owning the surface estate of 966,392 acres (3,911 km2) spread across 20 counties in the western part of the state. The Trust also generates income from oil & gas royalties through its 1/128 non-participating royalty interest under 85,414 acres (346 km2) and 1/16 non-participating royalty interest under 386,988 acres (1,566 km2).[4]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ NLA
  2. ^ Hoiberg, Dale H., ed. (2010). "Abilene". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. I: A-ak Bayes (15th ed.). Chicago, Illinois: Encyclopædia Britannica Inc. pp. 32–33. ISBN 978-1-59339-837-8.
  3. ^ Texas and Pacific Railway from the Handbook of Texas Online
  4. ^ a b Metz, Robert (January 5, 1998). "Shaking the Money Tree: Texas Pacific Land Trust... If You Trust Land". Money Talks. Investor Features Syndicate.

Further reading edit

External links edit

 
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Texas and Pacific Railway.
  • The Texas and Pacific Railway Railfans Depot
  • Preserving the Texas and Pacific Railway
  • Yahoo! Finance: The Texas Pacific Land Trust
  • Texas and Pacific Railway, historic photos by Robert Yarnall Richie

February 15, 2024
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Texas and Pacific redirects here For the Louis Jordan song see Texas and Pacific song This article s lead section may be too short to adequately summarize the key points Please consider expanding the lead to provide an accessible overview of all important aspects of the article October 2022 The Texas and Pacific Railway Company known as the T amp P was created by federal charter in 1871 with the purpose of building a southern transcontinental railroad between Marshall Texas and San Diego California Texas and Pacific RailwayOverviewHeadquartersMarshall TexasReporting markTPLocaleTexas Louisiana Oklahoma and ArkansasDates of operation1871 1976SuccessorMissouri PacificTechnicalTrack gauge4 ft 8 1 2 in 1 435 mm standard gauge Contents 1 History 1 1 Major named passenger trains of the Texas and Pacific 2 Timeline 3 Legal disputes 4 Land grants 5 Surviving Steam Locomotives 6 Texas Pacific Land Trust 7 See also 8 References 9 Further reading 10 External linksHistory editThis section needs expansion You can help by adding to it October 2022 Under the influence of General Buell the T amp P was originally to be 3 ft 6 in 1 067 mm gauge but this was overturned when the state legislature passed a law requiring 4 ft 8 1 2 in 1 435 mm gauge 1 The T amp P had a significant foothold in Texas by the mid 1870s Construction difficulties delayed westward progress until American financier Jay Gould acquired an interest in the railroad in 1879 The T amp P never reached San Diego instead it met the Southern Pacific at Sierra Blanca Texas in 1881 The Missouri Pacific Railroad also controlled by Gould leased the T amp P from 1881 to 1885 and continued a cooperative relationship with the T amp P after the lease ended Missouri Pacific gained majority ownership of the Texas and Pacific Railway s stock in 1928 but allowed it to continue operation as a separate entity until they were eventually merged on October 15 1976 On January 8 1980 the Missouri Pacific Railroad was purchased by the Union Pacific Railroad Because of lawsuits filed by competing railroads the merger was not approved until September 13 1982 Due to outstanding bonds of the Missouri Pacific though the actual merger with the Union Pacific Railroad took place on January 1 1997 nbsp Texas amp Pacific station and office building in Fort Worth TexasSeveral parts of the Texas and Pacific remain to this day mainly two towering buildings which help define the southern side of Fort Worth s skyline the original station and office tower and a warehouse located immediately to the west In 2001 the passenger platforms at the T amp P station were put into use for the first time in decades as the westernmost terminus for the Trinity Railway Express a commuter rail line connecting Fort Worth and Dallas The T amp P Warehouse still exists but remains vacant with no plans to renovate it despite significant civic support and third party developer interest The passenger terminal and corporate offices have been converted into luxury condominiums Major named passenger trains of the Texas and Pacific edit Major named passenger trains of the Texas and Pacific route sections between St Louis and Texarkana were operated by Missouri Pacific Louisiana Eagle New Orleans Dallas Fort Worth Southerner St Louis north branch Memphis Tennessee northeast branch Alexandria Louisiana south branch El Paso Sunshine Special St Louis El Paso and Laredo Texas Texan St Louis San Antonio and Houston Texas Eagle St Louis various Texas points western section going to El Paso with connecting Southern Pacific service to Los Angeles southwestern section to Laredo with car change for Mexico City southern section going to Houston Westerner St Louis Dallas El Paso connection in El Paso for Southern Pacific service to Los AngelesTimeline edit nbsp 1878 map showing the Texas and Pacific Railway in Texas nbsp Cover Art of Texas and Pacific Railway Passenger Timetable of July 1901March 3 1871 United States Congress grants a charter to the Texas Pacific Railroad Company 1871 Texas legislature charters the company and grant permission to purchase the Southern Trans Continental Railway Company and the Southern Pacific Railroad Company Note This is a different Southern Pacific Railroad company from the one referred to above March 21 1872 The Southern Pacific is purchased March 30 Southern Trans Continental Railway Company is purchased 1872 Thomas A Scott president of the Pennsylvania Railroad becomes president of the Texas amp Pacific May 2 1872 an Act of Congress changes the name to Texas and Pacific Railway Company June 12 1873 Memphis El Paso and Pacific Railroad Company purchased July 1 1873 First rail line opened between Longview Texas and Dallas Texas December 28 1873 Rail line from Marshall Texas to Texarkana Texas placed in service 1881 Abilene TX connected to the line 2 1888 Flooding in Louisiana due to the 1886 1887 hurricane season and crop failures in Texas due to drought caused T amp P to go into bankruptcy The bonds that were sold to pay for the construction of the rail lines could not be paid so the court converted the land into an asset of a separate company the Texas Pacific Land Trust 1925 Lima Locomotive Works delivers 2 10 4 locomotives to the T amp P The type is nicknamed Texas as a result October 15 1976 merged with the Missouri PacificRevenue Freight Traffic Millions of Net Ton Miles T amp P KO amp G KO amp G of TX Midland Valley Cisco amp Northeastern Pecos Valley Southern Texas Short Line1925 1763 193 230 4 7 0 81933 1498 163 84 with T amp P with T amp P with T amp P 1944 4761 412 1131960 4168 495 971970 5854 150 merged Apr 1970 merged 1967 T amp P includes its subsidiary roads A amp S D amp PS T NM etc operated route miles totalled 2259 at the end of 1929 after C amp NE PVS and TSL had become subsidiaries and 2033 at the end of 1960 Legal disputes editThe Texas and Pacific was unable to finance construction to San Diego and as a result the Southern Pacific was able to build from California to Sierra Blanca Texas In doing so Southern Pacific used land designated for and surveyed by Texas and Pacific in its rail line from Yuma Arizona to El Paso Texas This resulted in lawsuits which were settled with agreements to share tracks and to cooperate in the building of new tracks Most of the features advantageous to Texas and Pacific were later disallowed by legislation Land grants edit nbsp Route map of the railroad circa 1950s bold lines are T amp P thin lines denote connecting service for Eagle passenger trains From 1873 to 1881 the Texas and Pacific built a total of 972 miles 1 560 km of track as a result it was entitled to land grants totalling 12 441 600 acres 50 349 km2 T amp P however received land only for the construction of track east of Fort Worth This meant the firm received only 5 173 120 acres 20 935 km2 The State of Texas did not award the additional area because it said the construction had not been completed within the time required by the firm s charter The then state Attorney General Charles A Culberson filed suit to recover 301 893 acres 1 222 km2 on the grounds that the road had been granted land partly on sidetracks and partly on land not subject to location 3 The state ultimately recovered 256 046 acres 1 036 km2 giving a net grant to the T amp P of 4 917 074 acres 19 899 km2 or 7 683 square miles By comparison the state of Connecticut is 5 543 square miles 14 356 km2 citation needed Surviving Steam Locomotives editNumber Build Date Builder Class Wheel Type Notes Photo316 1901 Cooke Locomotive Works D 9 4 6 0 Sold to the Paris and Mount Pleasant Railroad in 1949 Donated to Abilene Texas in 1951 Donated again to the Texas State Railroad in 1974 and was renumbered to 201 The locomotive was taken out of service at the end of the 2013 season It is currently on display outside the Palestine engine house awaiting a possible restoration to service nbsp 400 1915 Baldwin Locomotive Works E 4A1 2 8 2 Originally Fort Worth and Denver City Railway 410 It was sold to the Texas and Pacific Railway in 1958 to help pull freight trains through the flooded waters of the Red River The locomotive suffered a mechanical breakdown and was donated to Marshall Texas in 1963 The locomotive was unfortunately vandalized and many of the original hardware was stolen from the locomotive bell headlight backlight classification lanterns and many more items In 2008 the locomotive was moved to the Texas and Pacific Railway Museum put on display and received a cosmetic restoration The locomotive still remains on display today nbsp 610 1927 Lima Locomotive Works I 1a 2 10 4 Donated to Fort Worth Texas in 1951 In 1975 the locomotive was selected to pull the American Freedom Train The locomotive was restored to operation in 1976 and pulled the AFT throughout Texas Afterwards the Southern Railway leased the 610 to pull excursion trains In 1981 the locomotive returned to Texas In 1982 it moved to the Texas State Railroad where it currently remains today on static display nbsp Texas Pacific Land Trust editThe Texas Pacific Land Trust NYSE TPL was created in 1888 in the wake of the bankruptcy of the T amp P in order to provide an efficient and orderly way to sell the railway s land receiving at the time in excess of 3 5 million acres 14 000 km2 As of 31 December 2006 the Trust was still the largest private land owner in the state of Texas 4 owning the surface estate of 966 392 acres 3 911 km2 spread across 20 counties in the western part of the state The Trust also generates income from oil amp gas royalties through its 1 128 non participating royalty interest under 85 414 acres 346 km2 and 1 16 non participating royalty interest under 386 988 acres 1 566 km2 4 See also edit nbsp Railways portalTexas and Pacific Railroad Depot Bunkie Louisiana Texas and Pacific Railroad Depot Marshall Texas and Texas and Pacific Railway Museum T amp P Station in Fort Worth Texas Texas and Pacific 610 steam locomotive engine Texas and Pacific song Silver Slipper rubber tired two car train Amtrak s Texas EagleReferences edit NLA Hoiberg Dale H ed 2010 Abilene Encyclopaedia Britannica Vol I A ak Bayes 15th ed Chicago Illinois Encyclopaedia Britannica Inc pp 32 33 ISBN 978 1 59339 837 8 Texas and Pacific Railway from the Handbook of Texas Online a b Metz Robert January 5 1998 Shaking the Money Tree Texas Pacific Land Trust If You Trust Land Money Talks Investor Features Syndicate Further reading editWhite Richard 2011 Railroaded The Transcontinentals and the Making of Modern America W W Norton amp Company ISBN 978 0 393 06126 0 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Texas and Pacific Railway The Texas and Pacific Railway Railfans Depot Preserving the Texas and Pacific Railway Texas amp Pacific Railway Museum Yahoo Finance The Texas Pacific Land Trust Texas and Pacific Railway historic photos by Robert Yarnall Richie Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Texas and Pacific Railway amp oldid 1199112287, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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