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Tennen Rishin-ryū

January 01, 1970

Tennen Rishin-ryū (天然理心流) is a Japanese martial art, commonly known as the style practiced by several core members of the Shinsengumi.[1]

Tennen Rishin ryu
(天然理心流)
Ko-ryū
Foundation
FounderKondō Kuranosuke Nagahiro
Date foundedc. 1789
Period foundedLate Edo period
(1603–1867)
Current information
Current headmasterHirai Masato (Kondō lineage) / Ōtsuka Atsushi (Matsuzaki lineage)
Arts taught
ArtDescription
KenjutsuSword art
BōjutsuStaff art
JūjutsuUnarmed grappling art
IaijutsuSword drawing art
Ancestor schools
Kashima Shintō-ryū
Descendant schools
None identified

Origins edit

The Tennen Rishin ryu is a traditional swordsmanship school, codified during the Kansei Era (1789–1801) by Kondō Kuranosuke Nagahiro (or Nagamichi). There is limited information in regards to him: he came from Tōtōmi Province (today's western Shizuoka Prefecture), but no one knows when he was born. He visited many provinces for his musha shugyō, eventually becoming a member of the Kashima Shintō-ryū. Even though he would have most likely been appointed as a teacher of this style, he left the Shintō-ryū aiming to create a new sword based combat system. In fact, during those years the Japanese swordsmanship gradually evolved from the rigid katageiko (form practice performed with either bokutō or with dull-edged swords called habiki) towards a free practice called shinaigeiko (also known as gekiken). This kind of training allowed two practitioners to spar without the risk of severe injury thanks to bamboo swords (shinai) and armor protecting the head (men), the arm (kote), and the torso (dō). With some exceptions, the popular gekiken of the second half of Edo period was quite similar to modern Kendō.

Kuranosuke organized all his martial arts knowledge into a new system of teaching and transmission; for this reason, even if codified during the Edo period, Tennen Rishin Ryū could be listed among new schools called shin ryūha. This was a breaking point between koryū (old schools) and gendai budō (martial arts developed after the Meiji Restoration). He created his own school by synthesizing an actual sword fight every occasion, sticking to a fencing style whose last goal was to obtain full victory without losing composure in front of an enemy. At the end of his musha shugyō Kuranosuke went to Edo. While he was establishing a dōjō in Yagenbori he most likely went to teach in the Sagami area (today's Kanagawa Prefecture) and Tama area (western part of Tōkyō). Since Tama was the birthplace of 2nd generation (Kondō Sansuke), 3rd generation (Kondō Shūsuke) and 4th generation (Kondō Isami) headmasters, there is little doubt that this actually happened. Kuranosuke died in the 4th year of Bunka era (1807).

The Shinsengumi ceased to exist after the 2nd year of Meiji (1869), with the end of the Boshin War and the collapse of Bakufu. It is commonly believed that the Boshin War marked the end of Tennen Rishin Ryū since Kondō Isami was sentenced to death and beheaded in Itabashi, Okita Sōji died of tuberculosis, and both Inoue Genzaburō and Hijikata Toshizō died in battle (the first one at Toba-fushimi and the latter in the battle of Goryōkaku). However, this is not historically correct. It was probably a great loss for the Shieikan dōjō, but the tradition survived. There were many teachers of the school at that time, most of them in the Tama area.

During Meiji, Taishō and Shōwa periods edit

Before leaving for Kyōto 1863, Kondō Isami adopted his older brother Miyagawa Otogorō's second son, Miyagawa Yūgorō (born in 1851). The boy was supposed to marry Tama, Kondō's daughter (born in 1862) from a wedding with Matsui Tsune once the girl reached the age to be wed. Even though he did not probably receive any teaching from Kondō, Yūgorō was already practicing Tennen Rishin Ryū with his real father. Miyagawa Otogorō was a pupil of Tennen Rishin Ryū as well, since he joined the school together with his younger brother Katsugorō (the latter Kondō Isami). After the death of Kondō in 1868, Yūgorō continued his training under several teachers. He probably studied with Harada Kamezō (son of Harada Chūji, a disciple of Kondō Shūsuke), despite another theory claiming that he was to become a pupil of Matsuzaki Watagorō (eldest son of Matsuzaki Shōsaku, student of the nidaime Sansuke). Yūgorō eventually opened his own dōjō in 1876 in Kami-ishihara (Chōfu city), calling it Hatsuunkan. It is said[who?] that Yamaoka Tesshū (1836-1888), the founder of Ittō Shōden Mutō Ryū and one of strongest swordsman of Bakumatsu and early Meiji periods, gave this name (translated as "the hall where the dark clouds are removed") upon his arrival. In 1883, Yūgorō's first son Hisatarō was born. However, his mother, Tama, died three years later in 1886. The bloodline of Kondō Isamu ceased to exist when Hisatarō died in the Russo-Japanese war of 1905 at the age of twenty-two.

Yūgorō was remarried with a woman from Kokubunji city, called Tayo. From this union Kondō Shinkichi was born. Kondō Yūgorō eventually divorced from his new wife because she had a bad relationship with Matsui Tsune, the wife of Kondō Isamu and mother of Yūgorō’s wife Tama. The third and the last marriage the godaime contracted was with a girl named Kashi.

Kondō Yūgorō died in 1933, aged 83. Under his direction, the Hatsuunkan greatly flourished, gathering thousands of practitioners in the Tama area. At the beginning of Shōwa period he was interviewed by Shimozawa Kan (1892–1968), a writer whose Shinsengumi related books would go to inspire an entire literature genre in regards to the swordsmen corps. In fact, a large portion of Tennen Rishin Ryū's fame was due to jidai shōsetsu (historical novels).

The best disciple of Kondō Yūgorō, Sakurai Kinpachi, inherited the title of 6th generation headmaster when his teacher was still alive. However, in 1932, he was forced to leave the school since he moved to Hokkaidō. The school's fate was then passed to Yūgorō's son, Shinkichi, who became the 7th generation headmaster (nanadaime). Shinkichi also served as a Kendō assistant teacher (joshu) for the Keishichō, the police department.

Kondō Shinkichi died in his early forties during 1936. Afterwards, the Kondō line was left without guidance for several years until a new pupil, named Katō Isuke (student of Yūgorō and Shinkichi), returned from the war to claim the position of headmaster.

References edit

  1. ^ The Tokugawa world. Gary P. Leupp, Demin Tao. Abingdon, Oxon. 2022. ISBN 978-1-000-42733-2. OCLC 1265346839.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: others (link)

External links edit

  • Official Japanese page of the Tennen Rishin Ryū Monjinkai Mitaka (Hombu) Dōjō (Tōkyō) – Hirai Sensei (Kondō lineage)
  • Official Japanese page of the Tennen Rishin Ryū Monjinkai Hachiōji & Yokohama Dōjō – Hirai Sensei (Kondō lineage)
  • Official international page of the Tennen Rishin Bujutsu Hozonkai – Katō Kyōji Sensei (Kondō lineage)
  • Official Japanese page of Shinbukan – Ōtsuka Sensei (Matsuzaki lineage)
  • Official Japanese page of Yūbukan – Miyagawa Sensei (Kondō lineage)
  • Official Japanese page of Shieikan – Takatori Sensei (Matsuzaki lineage)

January 01, 1970
tennen, rishin, ryū, this, article, written, like, personal, reflection, personal, essay, argumentative, essay, that, states, wikipedia, editor, personal, feelings, presents, original, argument, about, topic, please, help, improve, rewriting, encyclopedic, sty. This article is written like a personal reflection personal essay or argumentative essay that states a Wikipedia editor s personal feelings or presents an original argument about a topic Please help improve it by rewriting it in an encyclopedic style October 2022 Learn how and when to remove this message Tennen Rishin ryu 天然理心流 is a Japanese martial art commonly known as the style practiced by several core members of the Shinsengumi 1 Tennen Rishin ryu 天然理心流 Ko ryuFoundationFounderKondō Kuranosuke NagahiroDate foundedc 1789Period foundedLate Edo period 1603 1867 Current informationCurrent headmasterHirai Masato Kondō lineage Ōtsuka Atsushi Matsuzaki lineage Arts taughtArtDescriptionKenjutsuSword artBōjutsuStaff artJujutsuUnarmed grappling artIaijutsuSword drawing artAncestor schoolsKashima Shintō ryuDescendant schoolsNone identified Contents 1 Origins 2 During Meiji Taishō and Shōwa periods 3 References 4 External linksOrigins editThe Tennen Rishin ryu is a traditional swordsmanship school codified during the Kansei Era 1789 1801 by Kondō Kuranosuke Nagahiro or Nagamichi There is limited information in regards to him he came from Tōtōmi Province today s western Shizuoka Prefecture but no one knows when he was born He visited many provinces for his musha shugyō eventually becoming a member of the Kashima Shintō ryu Even though he would have most likely been appointed as a teacher of this style he left the Shintō ryu aiming to create a new sword based combat system In fact during those years the Japanese swordsmanship gradually evolved from the rigid katageiko form practice performed with either bokutō or with dull edged swords called habiki towards a free practice called shinaigeiko also known as gekiken This kind of training allowed two practitioners to spar without the risk of severe injury thanks to bamboo swords shinai and armor protecting the head men the arm kote and the torso dō With some exceptions the popular gekiken of the second half of Edo period was quite similar to modern Kendō Kuranosuke organized all his martial arts knowledge into a new system of teaching and transmission for this reason even if codified during the Edo period Tennen Rishin Ryu could be listed among new schools called shin ryuha This was a breaking point between koryu old schools and gendai budō martial arts developed after the Meiji Restoration He created his own school by synthesizing an actual sword fight every occasion sticking to a fencing style whose last goal was to obtain full victory without losing composure in front of an enemy At the end of his musha shugyō Kuranosuke went to Edo While he was establishing a dōjō in Yagenbori he most likely went to teach in the Sagami area today s Kanagawa Prefecture and Tama area western part of Tōkyō Since Tama was the birthplace of 2nd generation Kondō Sansuke 3rd generation Kondō Shusuke and 4th generation Kondō Isami headmasters there is little doubt that this actually happened Kuranosuke died in the 4th year of Bunka era 1807 The Shinsengumi ceased to exist after the 2nd year of Meiji 1869 with the end of the Boshin War and the collapse of Bakufu It is commonly believed that the Boshin War marked the end of Tennen Rishin Ryu since Kondō Isami was sentenced to death and beheaded in Itabashi Okita Sōji died of tuberculosis and both Inoue Genzaburō and Hijikata Toshizō died in battle the first one at Toba fushimi and the latter in the battle of Goryōkaku However this is not historically correct It was probably a great loss for the Shieikan dōjō but the tradition survived There were many teachers of the school at that time most of them in the Tama area During Meiji Taishō and Shōwa periods editBefore leaving for Kyōto 1863 Kondō Isami adopted his older brother Miyagawa Otogorō s second son Miyagawa Yugorō born in 1851 The boy was supposed to marry Tama Kondō s daughter born in 1862 from a wedding with Matsui Tsune once the girl reached the age to be wed Even though he did not probably receive any teaching from Kondō Yugorō was already practicing Tennen Rishin Ryu with his real father Miyagawa Otogorō was a pupil of Tennen Rishin Ryu as well since he joined the school together with his younger brother Katsugorō the latter Kondō Isami After the death of Kondō in 1868 Yugorō continued his training under several teachers He probably studied with Harada Kamezō son of Harada Chuji a disciple of Kondō Shusuke despite another theory claiming that he was to become a pupil of Matsuzaki Watagorō eldest son of Matsuzaki Shōsaku student of the nidaime Sansuke Yugorō eventually opened his own dōjō in 1876 in Kami ishihara Chōfu city calling it Hatsuunkan It is said who that Yamaoka Tesshu 1836 1888 the founder of Ittō Shōden Mutō Ryu and one of strongest swordsman of Bakumatsu and early Meiji periods gave this name translated as the hall where the dark clouds are removed upon his arrival In 1883 Yugorō s first son Hisatarō was born However his mother Tama died three years later in 1886 The bloodline of Kondō Isamu ceased to exist when Hisatarō died in the Russo Japanese war of 1905 at the age of twenty two Yugorō was remarried with a woman from Kokubunji city called Tayo From this union Kondō Shinkichi was born Kondō Yugorō eventually divorced from his new wife because she had a bad relationship with Matsui Tsune the wife of Kondō Isamu and mother of Yugorō s wife Tama The third and the last marriage the godaime contracted was with a girl named Kashi Kondō Yugorō died in 1933 aged 83 Under his direction the Hatsuunkan greatly flourished gathering thousands of practitioners in the Tama area At the beginning of Shōwa period he was interviewed by Shimozawa Kan 1892 1968 a writer whose Shinsengumi related books would go to inspire an entire literature genre in regards to the swordsmen corps In fact a large portion of Tennen Rishin Ryu s fame was due to jidai shōsetsu historical novels The best disciple of Kondō Yugorō Sakurai Kinpachi inherited the title of 6th generation headmaster when his teacher was still alive However in 1932 he was forced to leave the school since he moved to Hokkaidō The school s fate was then passed to Yugorō s son Shinkichi who became the 7th generation headmaster nanadaime Shinkichi also served as a Kendō assistant teacher joshu for the Keishichō the police department Kondō Shinkichi died in his early forties during 1936 Afterwards the Kondō line was left without guidance for several years until a new pupil named Katō Isuke student of Yugorō and Shinkichi returned from the war to claim the position of headmaster References edit The Tokugawa world Gary P Leupp Demin Tao Abingdon Oxon 2022 ISBN 978 1 000 42733 2 OCLC 1265346839 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint location missing publisher link CS1 maint others link External links editOfficial Japanese page of the Tennen Rishin Ryu Monjinkai Mitaka Hombu Dōjō Tōkyō Hirai Sensei Kondō lineage Official Japanese page of the Tennen Rishin Ryu Monjinkai Hachiōji amp Yokohama Dōjō Hirai Sensei Kondō lineage Official international page of the Tennen Rishin Bujutsu Hozonkai Katō Kyōji Sensei Kondō lineage Official Japanese page of Shinbukan Ōtsuka Sensei Matsuzaki lineage Official Japanese page of Yubukan Miyagawa Sensei Kondō lineage Archived Japanese page of the Tennen Rishin Ryu Kenkyukai Arakawa Sensei Kondō lineage Official Japanese page of Shieikan Takatori Sensei Matsuzaki lineage Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Tennen Rishin ryu amp oldid 1163219572, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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