After Romania left the Axis Powers and joined the Allies during World War II, between 5 September and 10 October 1944, Sărmașu came under the occupation of the Nazi-aligned Hungarian troops. During this period, Hungarian gendarmes and members of the Hungarian National Guard, led by captain of gendarmes Lánczos László, killed 126 local Jews (out of 142 who were living in the city at the time),[2] as well as 39 Romanians, the latter primarily prisoners of war captured in the battles on the alignment of Oarba de Mureș–Luduș–Gheja–Chețani,[3] during the Battle of Turda.
Hungarian population in the area, who supported the cause of Hungary, in the desire to regain the whole of Transylvania, started, along with the Hungarian Guard, to loot houses of Jews and Romanians. On 9 September 1944, a team of Hungarian gendarmes took up from their homes several Romanians that had important functions in the administration of the commune. These people were taken to an improvised camp in Sărmașu and were tortured for several days. According to the sentence handed down on 28 June 1946 by the People's Tribunal in Cluj, "in the camp was applied an inhumane treatment, consisting of beatings, ill-treatments and executions staged at night. For example, once all Romanians were removed from the camp in the yard, put on their knees («At the church»), and, after this exercise, everyone, regardless of age, was forced to overturn until exhaustion". In the afternoon of 16 September, those 126 Jews in the improvised camp were transported with carriages to a place called Suscut, and in the night of 16/17 September were killed by Hungarian gendarmes and soldiers. The bodies of those killed (31 adult males, 52 adult females and 43 children up to age 15) were exhumed from two mass graves in February 1945.[4] The conclusion reached by the Medico-legal commission who conducted the autopsy of the cadavers was violent death by shooting, and, in the case of several children, violent death by asphyxiation, those ones being buried alive.[1]
On 15 September 1944, some Romanians were released, and 18 others were deported to Hungary. They were taken by truck to Cluj, where they were rounded up and forced to march, escorted by civilian police, on the way to Jibou and then to Budapest. One of the deported and declared dead was Iuliu Moldovan, father of actor Ovidiu Iuliu Moldovan. Likewise, father Micu, a priest almost 80 years old, was killed. The number of all Romanians deported who lost their lives is not known exactly.[5]
Sentence of People's Tribunal in Clujedit
Investigations against those responsible for the massacres of Sărmașu and Luduș started in 1945 and ended in 1946. By sentence of the Cluj Tribunal was established the responsibility for the Sărmașu massacre: two officers of the gendarmerie troops (captain Láncz László, lieutenant Vecsey) and five NCOs (second lieutenant Halasz, second lieutenant Fekete, sergeant major Szabo, sergeant Horváth István, and sergeant Polgár) were found guilty and were sentenced to death. Two locals were sentenced to imprisonment for participation in the massacre: János Pánczél (soldier-gendarme from Sărmașu) and István Soós (member of the Hungarian Civil Guard in Sărmașu) were sentenced to 20 years and 5 years in prison.[6]
^"Crimă colectivă cu autori cunoscuți". Gazeta de Cluj (in Romanian). 19 October 2008. Retrieved 15 March 2021.
^Claudiu Pădurean (23 April 2014). "70 de ani de la masacrul de la Sărmașu". România Liberă (in Romanian). Retrieved 15 March 2021.
^"Masacrele de la Sărmașu și Luduș". Ziarul de Mureș (in Romanian). 28 February 2005.
^Carp, Matatias (1996). Cartea Neagră. Suferințele evreilor din România 1940–1944. Bucharest: Diogene Publishing House.
^Istoria României. Transilvania. Volumul II, Capitolul VII – Transilvania în cel de-al doilea război mondial(PDF). Cluj-Napoca: George Barițiu Publishing House. 1997. p. 55.[permanent dead link]
External linksedit
"TEL AVIV. Documentar despre masacrul de la Sărmașu, din 1944, când au fost uciși 126 de evrei". www.icr.ro (in Romanian). Romanian Cultural Institute. 24 August 2020. Retrieved 15 March 2021.
April 18, 2024
sărmașu, massacre, this, article, require, cleanup, meet, wikipedia, quality, standards, specific, problem, needs, proper, english, please, help, improve, this, article, october, 2016, learn, when, remove, this, template, message, refers, torture, massacre, pe. This article may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia s quality standards The specific problem is needs proper English Please help improve this article if you can October 2016 Learn how and when to remove this template message Sărmașu massacre refers to the torture and massacre of 165 people primarily Jews committed by Hungarian paramilitaries in Sărmașu Cluj Turda County 1 Sărmașu massacrePart of the Holocaust in Northern TransylvaniaThe cemetery in the massacre areaLocation of Sărmașu within the current borders of RomaniaLocationSărmașu Kingdom of RomaniaCoordinates46 45 13 N 24 10 0 E 46 75361 N 24 16667 E 46 75361 24 16667Date5 September 10 October 1944Attack typeGenocide ethnic cleansingDeaths165126 Jews39 RomaniansPerpetratorsHungarian National Guard supported by local sympathizersMotiveAntisemitism Hungarian irredentismAfter Romania left the Axis Powers and joined the Allies during World War II between 5 September and 10 October 1944 Sărmașu came under the occupation of the Nazi aligned Hungarian troops During this period Hungarian gendarmes and members of the Hungarian National Guard led by captain of gendarmes Lanczos Laszlo killed 126 local Jews out of 142 who were living in the city at the time 2 as well as 39 Romanians the latter primarily prisoners of war captured in the battles on the alignment of Oarba de Mureș Luduș Gheja Chețani 3 during the Battle of Turda Contents 1 The massacre 2 Sentence of People s Tribunal in Cluj 3 See also 4 References 5 External linksThe massacre edit nbsp Cemetery of Jews killed by Horthysts in SărmașuHungarian population in the area who supported the cause of Hungary in the desire to regain the whole of Transylvania started along with the Hungarian Guard to loot houses of Jews and Romanians On 9 September 1944 a team of Hungarian gendarmes took up from their homes several Romanians that had important functions in the administration of the commune These people were taken to an improvised camp in Sărmașu and were tortured for several days According to the sentence handed down on 28 June 1946 by the People s Tribunal in Cluj in the camp was applied an inhumane treatment consisting of beatings ill treatments and executions staged at night For example once all Romanians were removed from the camp in the yard put on their knees At the church and after this exercise everyone regardless of age was forced to overturn until exhaustion In the afternoon of 16 September those 126 Jews in the improvised camp were transported with carriages to a place called Suscut and in the night of 16 17 September were killed by Hungarian gendarmes and soldiers The bodies of those killed 31 adult males 52 adult females and 43 children up to age 15 were exhumed from two mass graves in February 1945 4 The conclusion reached by the Medico legal commission who conducted the autopsy of the cadavers was violent death by shooting and in the case of several children violent death by asphyxiation those ones being buried alive 1 On 15 September 1944 some Romanians were released and 18 others were deported to Hungary They were taken by truck to Cluj where they were rounded up and forced to march escorted by civilian police on the way to Jibou and then to Budapest One of the deported and declared dead was Iuliu Moldovan father of actor Ovidiu Iuliu Moldovan Likewise father Micu a priest almost 80 years old was killed The number of all Romanians deported who lost their lives is not known exactly 5 Sentence of People s Tribunal in Cluj editInvestigations against those responsible for the massacres of Sărmașu and Luduș started in 1945 and ended in 1946 By sentence of the Cluj Tribunal was established the responsibility for the Sărmașu massacre two officers of the gendarmerie troops captain Lancz Laszlo lieutenant Vecsey and five NCOs second lieutenant Halasz second lieutenant Fekete sergeant major Szabo sergeant Horvath Istvan and sergeant Polgar were found guilty and were sentenced to death Two locals were sentenced to imprisonment for participation in the massacre Janos Panczel soldier gendarme from Sărmașu and Istvan Soos member of the Hungarian Civil Guard in Sărmașu were sentenced to 20 years and 5 years in prison 6 See also editIp massacre Luduș massacre Treznea massacre List of massacres in RomaniaReferences edit a b Nagy Talavera Nicholas M The Anatomy of a Massacre Sărmaș 1944 Simon Wiesenthal Center Crimă colectivă cu autori cunoscuți Gazeta de Cluj in Romanian 19 October 2008 Retrieved 15 March 2021 Claudiu Pădurean 23 April 2014 70 de ani de la masacrul de la Sărmașu Romania Liberă in Romanian Retrieved 15 March 2021 Masacrele de la Sărmașu și Luduș Ziarul de Mureș in Romanian 28 February 2005 Carp Matatias 1996 Cartea Neagră Suferințele evreilor din Romania 1940 1944 Bucharest Diogene Publishing House Istoria Romaniei Transilvania Volumul II Capitolul VII Transilvania in cel de al doilea război mondial PDF Cluj Napoca George Barițiu Publishing House 1997 p 55 permanent dead link External links edit TEL AVIV Documentar despre masacrul de la Sărmașu din 1944 cand au fost uciși 126 de evrei www icr ro in Romanian Romanian Cultural Institute 24 August 2020 Retrieved 15 March 2021 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Sărmașu massacre amp oldid 1216955763, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
