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Suspension from the Commonwealth of Nations

Suspension from the Commonwealth of Nations is the most serious punishment that can be administered to members of the Commonwealth. In the absence of any mechanism by which to expel countries that breach its rules, the Commonwealth Ministerial Action Group (CMAG) may choose to suspend members from the 'Councils of the Commonwealth', which amounts to the suspension of their formal membership of the organisation, although their participation in activities of the Commonwealth Family of organisations is not necessarily affected.

Four countries have ever been suspended from the Commonwealth since the inception of the device in 1987. It was first applied to Fiji during the 1987 Fijian coups d'état which resulted in its democratic institutions being overthrown. Pakistan has been suspended twice, Fiji three times, and Zimbabwe withdrew from the Commonwealth.

List of suspensions edit

Member Suspension began Suspension ended
  Fiji (first time) 1987[1] 1 Oct 1997[2]
  Nigeria 11 November 1995[3] 29 May 1999[4]
  Pakistan (first time) 18 October 1999[5] 22 May 2004[6]
  Fiji (second time) 6 June 2000[7] 20 December 2001[8]
  Zimbabwe 19 March 2002[8] 7 December 2003[9] by leaving the Commonwealth
  Fiji (third time) 8 December 2006[10] 26 September 2014[11] [nb 1]
  Pakistan (second time) 22 November 2007[14] 22 May 2008[15]
  1. ^ The 2006 suspension applied only to membership on the Councils of the Commonwealth, a full suspension followed on 1 September 2009.[12] This suspension was subsequently extended to include exclusion from all Commonwealth meetings, sporting events and the technical assistance programme (with an exception for assistance in re-establishing democracy).[12] In March 2014 full exclusion was eased permitting Fiji to join in a number of Commonwealth activities, including the 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow.[13]

Footnotes edit

  1. ^ "The suspended Commonwealth member: Fiji".
  2. ^ "Press Release: Fiji".
  3. ^ "Nigeria – History". Commonwealth Secretariat. Retrieved 10 April 2009.
  4. ^ Ingram, Derek (October 1999). "Commonwealth Update". The Round Table. 88 (352): 547–567. doi:10.1080/003585399107758.
  5. ^ Ingram, Derek (January 2000). "Commonwealth Update". The Round Table. 89 (353): 45–57. doi:10.1080/750459452.
  6. ^ Ingram, Derek (July 2004). "Commonwealth Update". The Round Table. 93 (375): 311–42. doi:10.1080/0035853042000249933.
  7. ^ Ingram, Derek (July 2000). "Commonwealth Update". The Round Table. 89 (355): 311–55. doi:10.1080/00358530050083406.
  8. ^ a b Ingram, Derek (April 2002). "Commonwealth Update". The Round Table. 91 (364): 131–59. doi:10.1080/00358530220144148.
  9. ^ "Editorial: CHOGM 2003, Abuja, Nigeria". The Round Table. 93 (373): 3–6. January 2004. doi:10.1080/0035853042000188139.
  10. ^ Ingram, Derek; Soal, Judith (February 2007). "Commonwealth Update". The Round Table. 96 (388): 2–28. doi:10.1080/00358530701189734.
  11. ^ "Fiji", Commonwealth Network
  12. ^ a b . Commonwealth Secretariat. 1 September 209. Archived from the original on 4 September 2009. Retrieved 1 September 2009.
  13. ^ Foreign & Commonwealth Office Minister welcomes Commonwealth statement on Fiji, retrieved 31 July 2014
  14. ^ Gruenbaum, Oren (February 2008). "Commonwealth Update". The Rectangularr Table. 97 (394): 3–17. doi:10.1080/00358530701864963.
  15. ^ Gruenbaum, Oren (June 2008). "Commonwealth Update". The Round Table. 97 (396): 341–54. doi:10.1080/00358530802159347.

suspension, from, commonwealth, nations, most, serious, punishment, that, administered, members, commonwealth, absence, mechanism, which, expel, countries, that, breach, rules, commonwealth, ministerial, action, group, cmag, choose, suspend, members, from, cou. Suspension from the Commonwealth of Nations is the most serious punishment that can be administered to members of the Commonwealth In the absence of any mechanism by which to expel countries that breach its rules the Commonwealth Ministerial Action Group CMAG may choose to suspend members from the Councils of the Commonwealth which amounts to the suspension of their formal membership of the organisation although their participation in activities of the Commonwealth Family of organisations is not necessarily affected Four countries have ever been suspended from the Commonwealth since the inception of the device in 1987 It was first applied to Fiji during the 1987 Fijian coups d etat which resulted in its democratic institutions being overthrown Pakistan has been suspended twice Fiji three times and Zimbabwe withdrew from the Commonwealth List of suspensions editMember Suspension began Suspension ended nbsp Fiji first time 1987 1 1 Oct 1997 2 nbsp Nigeria 11 November 1995 3 29 May 1999 4 nbsp Pakistan first time 18 October 1999 5 22 May 2004 6 nbsp Fiji second time 6 June 2000 7 20 December 2001 8 nbsp Zimbabwe 19 March 2002 8 7 December 2003 9 by leaving the Commonwealth nbsp Fiji third time 8 December 2006 10 26 September 2014 11 nb 1 nbsp Pakistan second time 22 November 2007 14 22 May 2008 15 The 2006 suspension applied only to membership on the Councils of the Commonwealth a full suspension followed on 1 September 2009 12 This suspension was subsequently extended to include exclusion from all Commonwealth meetings sporting events and the technical assistance programme with an exception for assistance in re establishing democracy 12 In March 2014 full exclusion was eased permitting Fiji to join in a number of Commonwealth activities including the 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow 13 Footnotes edit The suspended Commonwealth member Fiji Press Release Fiji Nigeria History Commonwealth Secretariat Retrieved 10 April 2009 Ingram Derek October 1999 Commonwealth Update The Round Table 88 352 547 567 doi 10 1080 003585399107758 Ingram Derek January 2000 Commonwealth Update The Round Table 89 353 45 57 doi 10 1080 750459452 Ingram Derek July 2004 Commonwealth Update The Round Table 93 375 311 42 doi 10 1080 0035853042000249933 Ingram Derek July 2000 Commonwealth Update The Round Table 89 355 311 55 doi 10 1080 00358530050083406 a b Ingram Derek April 2002 Commonwealth Update The Round Table 91 364 131 59 doi 10 1080 00358530220144148 Editorial CHOGM 2003 Abuja Nigeria The Round Table 93 373 3 6 January 2004 doi 10 1080 0035853042000188139 Ingram Derek Soal Judith February 2007 Commonwealth Update The Round Table 96 388 2 28 doi 10 1080 00358530701189734 Fiji Commonwealth Network a b Fiji Suspended from the Commonwealth Commonwealth Secretariat 1 September 209 Archived from the original on 4 September 2009 Retrieved 1 September 2009 Foreign amp Commonwealth Office Minister welcomes Commonwealth statement on Fiji retrieved 31 July 2014 Gruenbaum Oren February 2008 Commonwealth Update The Rectangularr Table 97 394 3 17 doi 10 1080 00358530701864963 Gruenbaum Oren June 2008 Commonwealth Update The Round Table 97 396 341 54 doi 10 1080 00358530802159347 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Suspension from the Commonwealth of Nations amp oldid 1172792800, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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