fbpx
Wikipedia

Superintendent of Finances

January 01, 1970

The Superintendent of Finances (French: Surintendant des finances) was the name of the minister in charge of finances in France from 1561 to 1661. The position was abolished in 1661 with the downfall of Nicolas Fouquet, and a new position was created, the Controller-General of Finances.

Henri de Schomberg (1575–1632) was Superintendent of Finances from 1619 to 1622.

History edit

Before 1561 edit

Prior to the creation of the position "Surintendant des finances", France's royal financial administration had been run—from the time of Charles VII—by two financial boards which worked in a collegial manner: the four Généraux des finances oversaw the collection of taxes (taille, etc.) and the four Trésoriers de France (Treasurers) oversaw revenues from royal lands (the "domaine"). Together they were often referred to as "Messieurs des finances". The four members of each board were divided by geographical circumscriptions ("recettes générales" or "généralités"; the areas were named Languedoïl, Languedoc, Normandy, and Outre-Seine and Yonne), with the directors of the "Languedoïl" region typically having an honorific preeminence. The double-board was assisted in its work by four "contrôleurs généraux".

Before 1523–24, the King's Council had very little direct say on the day-to-day running of the double-boards. In 1523, Francis I, in an effort to exert a more direct control over royal finances during his European wars and to circumvent the double-board (accused of poor oversight)—created a separate Royal Treasury (Trésor de l'Épargne) directly under the control of the King's Council (analogous institutions had existed before), but the initial results were disappointing. From this moment through the next 40 years, numerous administrative reforms were attempted: increase in the number of "généralités"; unification of the tasks of the double-board into new positions (such as two "contrôleurs généraux" subservient to the Royal Treasurer); changes in the royal financial courts ("Cour des Comptes", "Cour des Aides"); creation of numerous provincial financial officers and boards; creation of the positions of "intendents" of finance (see below). With the increased role of the King's Council in financial matters, certain high-ranked nobles (like Anne de Montmorency or Charles of Lorraine, Cardinal of Guise) exerted a stronger advisory role over finances.

Although there was no official "Minister of Finances" in this period, certain individuals exerted an equivalent administrative role.

Under Francis I
  • 1518–1524: Jacques de Beaune, baron de Semblançay
Under Henry II
  • 1552: André Guillart
  • 1556: Jean de Saint Marcel d'Avançon

Surintendant des finances edit

The position "Surintendant des finances" was officially created in 1561 during the reign of Charles IX, although some royal financial advisors had performed analogous duties previously. The position grew out of the positions of Intendants of Finances, officially created in 1552 by Henry II to oversee royal finances during the king's travels in Germany (he sought an alliance with Protestant Princes). At the time, three Intendants of Finances were named, and one of them would also participate in the Privy Counsel, thus the designation "superintendent". In 1561, the position fell to two individuals: Artus de Cossé-Brissac and the comte de Chaulnes. An administrative ruling on 23 October 1563 mandated once-a-week reunions of the Conseil du Roi (King's Counsel) to deal with financial questions of finances; to this meeting would come the superintendent of finances and other officers of country's financial administration, such as the Treasurer (trésorier de l'Épargne). In 1567, Cossé was promoted to maréchal de France; he resigned his post in favor of René de Birague (as did too, apparently, the comte de Chaulnes); René de Birague was thus the sole "superintendent".

In 1570, the position was assumed by the Conseil royal des finances. Henry III suppressed the Conseil royal des finances in 1574 and named a superintendent. Henry IV replaced the superintendent with a counsel. In this way, the position appeared intermittently, its fate tied to that of the Conseil des finances.

On 5 September 1661, Nicolas Fouquet was arrested for financial misdealings and brought to trial. On the 12th, the position of Supertintendant was replaced by a Conseil royal des finances, attended by an intendant, named the Contrôleur général des finances; this position first fell to Jean-Baptiste Colbert.

List of Surintendants des finances edit

See also edit

References edit

  • Bernard Barbiche, Les Institutions de la monarchie française à l'époque moderne, Paris: PUF, collection "Premier Cycle", 1999.
  • Daniel Dessert, Argent, pouvoir et société au grand siècle, Paris: Fayard, 1984.
  • Arlette Jouanna, Philippe Hamon, Dominique Biloghi, Guy Le Thiec, "Finances", La France de la Renaissance: Histoire et Dictionnaire, Paris: Laffont, 2001.

January 01, 1970
superintendent, finances, french, surintendant, finances, name, minister, charge, finances, france, from, 1561, 1661, position, abolished, 1661, with, downfall, nicolas, fouquet, position, created, controller, general, finances, henri, schomberg, 1575, 1632, f. The Superintendent of Finances French Surintendant des finances was the name of the minister in charge of finances in France from 1561 to 1661 The position was abolished in 1661 with the downfall of Nicolas Fouquet and a new position was created the Controller General of Finances Henri de Schomberg 1575 1632 was Superintendent of Finances from 1619 to 1622 Contents 1 History 1 1 Before 1561 1 2 Surintendant des finances 1 3 List of Surintendants des finances 2 See also 3 ReferencesHistory editBefore 1561 edit Prior to the creation of the position Surintendant des finances France s royal financial administration had been run from the time of Charles VII by two financial boards which worked in a collegial manner the four Generaux des finances oversaw the collection of taxes taille etc and the four Tresoriers de France Treasurers oversaw revenues from royal lands the domaine Together they were often referred to as Messieurs des finances The four members of each board were divided by geographical circumscriptions recettes generales or generalites the areas were named Languedoil Languedoc Normandy and Outre Seine and Yonne with the directors of the Languedoil region typically having an honorific preeminence The double board was assisted in its work by four controleurs generaux Before 1523 24 the King s Council had very little direct say on the day to day running of the double boards In 1523 Francis I in an effort to exert a more direct control over royal finances during his European wars and to circumvent the double board accused of poor oversight created a separate Royal Treasury Tresor de l Epargne directly under the control of the King s Council analogous institutions had existed before but the initial results were disappointing From this moment through the next 40 years numerous administrative reforms were attempted increase in the number of generalites unification of the tasks of the double board into new positions such as two controleurs generaux subservient to the Royal Treasurer changes in the royal financial courts Cour des Comptes Cour des Aides creation of numerous provincial financial officers and boards creation of the positions of intendents of finance see below With the increased role of the King s Council in financial matters certain high ranked nobles like Anne de Montmorency or Charles of Lorraine Cardinal of Guise exerted a stronger advisory role over finances Although there was no official Minister of Finances in this period certain individuals exerted an equivalent administrative role Under Francis I 1518 1524 Jacques de Beaune baron de Semblancay Under Henry II 1552 Andre Guillart 1556 Jean de Saint Marcel d Avancon Surintendant des finances edit The position Surintendant des finances was officially created in 1561 during the reign of Charles IX although some royal financial advisors had performed analogous duties previously The position grew out of the positions of Intendants of Finances officially created in 1552 by Henry II to oversee royal finances during the king s travels in Germany he sought an alliance with Protestant Princes At the time three Intendants of Finances were named and one of them would also participate in the Privy Counsel thus the designation superintendent In 1561 the position fell to two individuals Artus de Cosse Brissac and the comte de Chaulnes An administrative ruling on 23 October 1563 mandated once a week reunions of the Conseil du Roi King s Counsel to deal with financial questions of finances to this meeting would come the superintendent of finances and other officers of country s financial administration such as the Treasurer tresorier de l Epargne In 1567 Cosse was promoted to marechal de France he resigned his post in favor of Rene de Birague as did too apparently the comte de Chaulnes Rene de Birague was thus the sole superintendent In 1570 the position was assumed by the Conseil royal des finances Henry III suppressed the Conseil royal des finances in 1574 and named a superintendent Henry IV replaced the superintendent with a counsel In this way the position appeared intermittently its fate tied to that of the Conseil des finances On 5 September 1661 Nicolas Fouquet was arrested for financial misdealings and brought to trial On the 12th the position of Supertintendant was replaced by a Conseil royal des finances attended by an intendant named the Controleur general des finances this position first fell to Jean Baptiste Colbert List of Surintendants des finances edit 1561 1567 Artus de Cosse Brissac Louis d Ongnies comte de Chaulnes 1568 1571 Rene de Birague 1574 1588 Pompone de Bellievre 1588 1594 Francois d O 1594 1597 A Council of 9 members Pompone de Bellievre Henri I de Montmorency Albert de Gondi Gaspard de Schomberg Jacques de la Grange le Roy Pierre Forges de Fresnes Philippe Hurault de Cheverny and Nicolas de Harlay sieur de Sancy 1597 1611 Maximilien de Bethune duc de Sully 1611 1616 A Council of 3 members Pierre Jeannin Guillaume de L Aubespin and Jacques Auguste de Thou 1616 1617 Claude Barbin 1617 1619 Pierre Jeannin 1619 1623 Henri de Schomberg 1623 1624 Charles de La Vieuville 1624 1626 A Council of 2 members Jean de Bochart Michel de Marillac 1626 1632 Antoine Coiffier de Ruze marquis d Effiat 1632 1640 A Council of 2 members Claude de Bullion Claude Bouthilier 1640 1643 Claude Bouthilier 1643 1647 A Council of 3 members Nicolas de Bailleuil Claude de Mesmes comte d Avaux Michel Particelli d Hemery 1647 1648 Council of above without de Bailleuil 1648 1649 Charles de La Porte 1649 1650 Same council as earlier 1650 1651 Rene de Longueil 1651 1653 Charles de La Vieuville 1653 1659 A Council of 2 members Nicolas Fouquet Abel Servien 1659 1661 Nicolas FouquetSee also editList of finance ministers of France Controller General of Finances Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs France Secretary of State of the Navy France Secretary of State of the Maison du Roi Early Modern FranceReferences editBernard Barbiche Les Institutions de la monarchie francaise a l epoque moderne Paris PUF collection Premier Cycle 1999 Daniel Dessert Argent pouvoir et societe au grand siecle Paris Fayard 1984 Arlette Jouanna Philippe Hamon Dominique Biloghi Guy Le Thiec Finances La France de la Renaissance Histoire et Dictionnaire Paris Laffont 2001 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Superintendent of Finances amp oldid 1174329202, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.