Superficial spreading melanoma (SSM) is a type of skin cancer that typically starts as an irregularly edged darkspot typically on sun-exposed part of the body.[2][3] The colour may be variable with dark, light and reddish shades; occasionally no color at all.[2] It typically grows in diameter before spreading to deeper tissue, forming a bump or becoming an ulcer.[2] Itching, bleeding and crust formation may occur in some.[2] The backs and shoulders of males and legs of women are particularly prone.[2]
It is a type of melanocytic tumor occurring in intermittently sun-exposed skin.[2] The cause is associated with repeated sunburns in childhood, intermittent exposure to sun during life, and sun bed use.[2]
Two-thirds of cases occur in light skin, and it less common in dark skin.[2]
The average age at diagnosis is in the fifth decade.[citation needed]
Often, this disease evolves from a precursor lesion, usually a dysplastic nevus. Otherwise it arises in previously normal skin. A prolonged radial growth phase, where the lesion remains thin, may eventually be followed by a vertical growth phase where the lesion becomes thick and nodular. As the risk of spread varies with the thickness, early SSM is more frequently cured than late nodular melanoma.
Invasion of the upper epidermis in a pagetoid fashion (discohesive single cell growth).
The pattern of rete ridges is often effaced.
Invasion of the dermis by atypical, pleomorphic melanocytes
Absence of the 'maturation' typical of naevus cells
Mitoses
Treatmentedit
Treatment is by excisional biopsy, wide local excision and possibly sentinel node biopsy. Localized melanoma, which has not spread beyond the skin, has a very good prognosis with low recurrence rates. Spread of disease to local lymph nodes or distant sites (typically brain, bone, skin and lung) marks a decidedly poor prognosis.
^James, William D.; Berger, Timothy G.; et al. (2006). Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: clinical Dermatology. Saunders Elsevier. ISBN0-7216-2921-0.
^ abcdefghDE, Elder; D, Massi; RA, Scolyer; R, Willemze (2018). "2. Melanocytic tumours". WHO Classification of Skin Tumours. Vol. 11 (4th ed.). Lyon (France): World Health Organization. pp. 76–77. ISBN978-92-832-2440-2.
^"Superficial spreading melanoma | DermNet". dermnetnz.org. Retrieved 1 July 2023.
External linksedit
April 12, 2024
superficial, spreading, melanoma, type, skin, cancer, that, typically, starts, irregularly, edged, dark, spot, typically, exposed, part, body, colour, variable, with, dark, light, reddish, shades, occasionally, color, typically, grows, diameter, before, spread. Superficial spreading melanoma SSM is a type of skin cancer that typically starts as an irregularly edged dark spot typically on sun exposed part of the body 2 3 The colour may be variable with dark light and reddish shades occasionally no color at all 2 It typically grows in diameter before spreading to deeper tissue forming a bump or becoming an ulcer 2 Itching bleeding and crust formation may occur in some 2 The backs and shoulders of males and legs of women are particularly prone 2 Superficial spreading melanomaOther namesSuperficially spreading melanoma 1 SpecialtyDermatologyIt is a type of melanocytic tumor occurring in intermittently sun exposed skin 2 The cause is associated with repeated sunburns in childhood intermittent exposure to sun during life and sun bed use 2 Two thirds of cases occur in light skin and it less common in dark skin 2 The average age at diagnosis is in the fifth decade citation needed Contents 1 Signs and symptoms 2 Histopathology 3 Treatment 4 See also 5 References 6 External linksSigns and symptoms editOften this disease evolves from a precursor lesion usually a dysplastic nevus Otherwise it arises in previously normal skin A prolonged radial growth phase where the lesion remains thin may eventually be followed by a vertical growth phase where the lesion becomes thick and nodular As the risk of spread varies with the thickness early SSM is more frequently cured than late nodular melanoma Histopathology editThe microscopic hallmarks are Large melanocytic cells with nest formation along the dermo epidermal junction Invasion of the upper epidermis in a pagetoid fashion discohesive single cell growth The pattern of rete ridges is often effaced Invasion of the dermis by atypical pleomorphic melanocytes Absence of the maturation typical of naevus cells MitosesTreatment editTreatment is by excisional biopsy wide local excision and possibly sentinel node biopsy Localized melanoma which has not spread beyond the skin has a very good prognosis with low recurrence rates Spread of disease to local lymph nodes or distant sites typically brain bone skin and lung marks a decidedly poor prognosis See also editMelanoma List of cutaneous conditionsReferences edit James William D Berger Timothy G et al 2006 Andrews Diseases of the Skin clinical Dermatology Saunders Elsevier ISBN 0 7216 2921 0 a b c d e f g h DE Elder D Massi RA Scolyer R Willemze 2018 2 Melanocytic tumours WHO Classification of Skin Tumours Vol 11 4th ed Lyon France World Health Organization pp 76 77 ISBN 978 92 832 2440 2 Superficial spreading melanoma DermNet dermnetnz org Retrieved 1 July 2023 External links editFact File from the Royal College of Pathologists of Australasia pdf Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Superficial spreading melanoma amp oldid 1162794510, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
