Stun grenade

A stun grenade, also known as a flash grenade, flashbang, thunderflash, or sound bomb,^[1] is a less-lethal explosive device used to temporarily disorient an enemy's senses. Upon detonation, they produce a blinding flash of light and an extremely loud "bang". They are often used in close-quarters combat, door breaching, and riot control, typically to stun enemies or distract them.^{[citation needed]}

M84 stun grenade

Stun grenades were first used by the British Army Special Air Service's counterterrorist wing in the late 1970s,^[2][3] and have been used by police and military forces worldwide since.^{[citation needed]}

Despite their less-lethal nature, stun grenades are still capable of causing harm, and can injure or kill when detonating in close proximity. They are also capable of sparking fires.^{[citation needed]}

Effects

 

A stun grenade, thrown by soldiers during a training exercise, detonating in a small room

Stun grenades designed to produce a blinding flash of light of around 7 megacandela (Mcd) and an intensely loud "bang" of greater than 170 decibels (dB).^[4]

The flash temporarily activates all photoreceptor cells in the eye, blinding it for approximately five seconds. Afterward, victims perceive an afterimage which impairs their vision. The volume of the detonation also causes temporary deafness in the victim and disturbs the fluid in the ear, causing a loss of balance.^{[citation needed]}

Construction

Unlike a fragmentation grenade, stun grenades are constructed with a casing made to remain intact during detonation and avoiding fragmentation injuries, while having large circular cutouts to allow the light and sound of the explosion through. The filler consists of a pyrotechnic metal-oxidant mix of magnesium or aluminium and an oxidizer such as potassium perchlorate or potassium nitrate.^{[citation needed]}

Hazards

While stun grenades are designed to limit injury to their targets, permanent hearing loss has been reported.^[5][6] Other injuries and deaths have also been caused by their use, usually when a grenade detonated close to a person, or due to structure fires caused by detonation.^{[citation needed]}

The concussive blast still has the ability to cause injuries, and the heat created may ignite flammable materials. The fires that occurred during the 1980 Iranian Embassy siege in London were caused by stun grenades coming into contact with flammable objects.^{[citation needed]}

See also

• Blast ball
• Dazzler

References

1. . Daily Telegraph. London. September 3, 2014. Archived from the original on September 4, 2014.
2. "SAS - Weapons - Flash Bang | Stun Grenade". Eliteukforces.info. Retrieved 2013-05-29.
3. Bonneville, Leigh, The SAS 1983-2014 (Elite), Osprey Publishing, 2016, ISBN 1472814037 ISBN 978-1472814036, p.9
4. "Measurement of Exposure to Impulsive Noise at Indoor and Outdoor Firing Ranges During Tactical Training Exercises" (PDF). Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved 2013-08-25.
5. . Archived from the original on 2018-02-14.
6. Hambling, David (August 6, 2009). "Military Still Trying to Replace Dangerous Stun Grenades". Wired – via www.wired.com.

External links

 

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Stun grenades.

• FM 3-23.30 Grenades and Pyrotechnic Signals. GlobalSecurity.org, 1 September 2000. Ch. 1, Sec. 10. "Stun Hand Grenades". Retrieved on 26 May 2011.