This article is about the steam-powered agricultural tractor. For other types of steam tractor, see Traction engine.
This article relies largely or entirely on a single source. Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page. Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources. Find sources: "Steam tractor" – news · newspapers · books · scholar · JSTOR(November 2010)
A steam tractor is a vehicle powered by a steam engine which is used for pulling.
In North America, the term steam tractor usually refers to a type of agriculturaltractor powered by a steam engine, used extensively in the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
In Great Britain, the term steam tractor is more usually applied to the smallest models of traction engine – typically those weighing seven tons or less – used for hauling small loads on public roads. Although known as light steam tractors, these engines are generally just smaller versions of the "road locomotive".
This article concentrates on the steam-powered agricultural vehicles intended for the direct-pulling of ploughs and other implements (as opposed to cable-hauling).
Owing to differences in soil conditions, the development of steam-powered agricultural machines differed considerably on either side of the Atlantic.
In Great Britain, a number of traction engine builders attempted to produce a design of agricultural engine that could pull a plough directly, in place of a team of horses. However, the heavier and wetter soils found in Britain meant that these designs were not successful – being less economical to use than the team of horses they were intended to replace. These engines were also known as "steam tractors". Instead, farmers resorted to cable-hauled ploughing using ploughing engines.
A distinctive example of a British-designed (agricultural) steam tractor is the GarrettSuffolk Punch, a 1917 design intended to compete directly with internal combustion-powered alternatives.[1]
The first steam tractors that were designed specifically for agricultural uses were portable engines built on skids or on wheels and transported to the work area using horses. Later models used the power of the steam engine itself to power a drive train to move the machine and were first known as "traction drive" engines[citation needed] which eventually was shortened to "tractor".[citation needed] These drive mechanisms were one of three types: chain, shaft, and open pinion. The open pinion became the most popular design due to its strength. Later improvements included power steering, differentials, compounded engines, and butt-strap boiler design.
The steam engine was gradually phased out by the mid-1920s as the less expensive, lighter, and faster-starting internal combustion (kerosene, petrol or distillate) tractors fully emerged after World War I.
These engines were used extensively in rural North America to aid in threshing, in which the owner/operator of a threshing machine or threshing rig would travel from farmstead to farmstead threshing grain. Oats were a common item to be threshed, but wheat and other grains were common as well. On a "threshing day", all the neighbors would gather at that day's farmstead to complete a massive job in one day through cooperation. The women and older girls were in charge of cooking the noon meal and bringing water to the men. The children had various jobs based upon their age and sex. These jobs included driving the bundle racks, pitching bundles into the threshing machine, supplying water for the steam engine, hauling away the freshly threshed grain and scooping it into the granary. Steam traction engines were often too expensive for a single farmer to purchase, so "threshing rings" were often formed. In a threshing ring, multiple farmers pooled their resources to purchase a steam engine. They also chose one person among them to go to a steam school, to learn how to run the engine properly. There were also threshing contractors, who owned their own engine and thresher, and went to different farms, hiring themselves out to thresh grain.
Ploughingedit
The immense pulling power of steam tractors allowed them to be used for ploughing as well. Certain steam tractors were better suited for ploughing than others, with the large Minneapolis Threshing Machine Co., J.I. Case, Reeves & Co., and Advance-Rumely engines being prime examples. Some of the largest steam tractors, such as the 150 horsepower (110 kW) Case (known as "Road Locomotives"), were capable of pulling 30 or more plough bottoms, while most were powerful enough to pull between 6 and 20. Differing soil conditions highly affected the ploughing abilities of these tractors.
^Ranieri, Malcolm (2005). Traction Engine Album. Crowood Press. p. 37. ISBN1861267940.
^Brettman, Allan (July 24, 2010). "Collectors at Great Oregon Steam-Up are always steamed about their passion". The Oregonian. Retrieved 2010-08-08.
External linksedit
Steam Tractors: Part 1, Part 2, & Part 3 – three-part account of Steam Tractors at work, by Mike Rooth .
November 16, 2023
steam, tractor, this, article, about, steam, powered, agricultural, tractor, other, types, steam, tractor, traction, engine, this, article, relies, largely, entirely, single, source, relevant, discussion, found, talk, page, please, help, improve, this, article. This article is about the steam powered agricultural tractor For other types of steam tractor see Traction engine This article relies largely or entirely on a single source Relevant discussion may be found on the talk page Please help improve this article by introducing citations to additional sources Find sources Steam tractor news newspapers books scholar JSTOR November 2010 A steam tractor is a vehicle powered by a steam engine which is used for pulling Case steam tractorSteam Tractor at the Henry Ford MuseumIn North America the term steam tractor usually refers to a type of agricultural tractor powered by a steam engine used extensively in the late 19th and early 20th centuries In Great Britain the term steam tractor is more usually applied to the smallest models of traction engine typically those weighing seven tons or less used for hauling small loads on public roads Although known as light steam tractors these engines are generally just smaller versions of the road locomotive This article concentrates on the steam powered agricultural vehicles intended for the direct pulling of ploughs and other implements as opposed to cable hauling Contents 1 Development Great Britain 2 Development North America 3 Uses 3 1 Threshing 3 2 Ploughing 4 Manufacturers 5 Festivals and museums 6 See also 7 References 8 External linksDevelopment Great Britain editMain article Traction engine Owing to differences in soil conditions the development of steam powered agricultural machines differed considerably on either side of the Atlantic In Great Britain a number of traction engine builders attempted to produce a design of agricultural engine that could pull a plough directly in place of a team of horses However the heavier and wetter soils found in Britain meant that these designs were not successful being less economical to use than the team of horses they were intended to replace These engines were also known as steam tractors Instead farmers resorted to cable hauled ploughing using ploughing engines A distinctive example of a British designed agricultural steam tractor is the Garrett Suffolk Punch a 1917 design intended to compete directly with internal combustion powered alternatives 1 Development North America edit nbsp A 1905 Best steam tractor manufactured in California The first steam tractors that were designed specifically for agricultural uses were portable engines built on skids or on wheels and transported to the work area using horses Later models used the power of the steam engine itself to power a drive train to move the machine and were first known as traction drive engines citation needed which eventually was shortened to tractor citation needed These drive mechanisms were one of three types chain shaft and open pinion The open pinion became the most popular design due to its strength Later improvements included power steering differentials compounded engines and butt strap boiler design The steam engine was gradually phased out by the mid 1920s as the less expensive lighter and faster starting internal combustion kerosene petrol or distillate tractors fully emerged after World War I Uses editThreshing edit nbsp The drive belt used to transfer power from a portable engine to a threshing machineThese engines were used extensively in rural North America to aid in threshing in which the owner operator of a threshing machine or threshing rig would travel from farmstead to farmstead threshing grain Oats were a common item to be threshed but wheat and other grains were common as well On a threshing day all the neighbors would gather at that day s farmstead to complete a massive job in one day through cooperation The women and older girls were in charge of cooking the noon meal and bringing water to the men The children had various jobs based upon their age and sex These jobs included driving the bundle racks pitching bundles into the threshing machine supplying water for the steam engine hauling away the freshly threshed grain and scooping it into the granary Steam traction engines were often too expensive for a single farmer to purchase so threshing rings were often formed In a threshing ring multiple farmers pooled their resources to purchase a steam engine They also chose one person among them to go to a steam school to learn how to run the engine properly There were also threshing contractors who owned their own engine and thresher and went to different farms hiring themselves out to thresh grain Ploughing edit The immense pulling power of steam tractors allowed them to be used for ploughing as well Certain steam tractors were better suited for ploughing than others with the large Minneapolis Threshing Machine Co J I Case Reeves amp Co and Advance Rumely engines being prime examples Some of the largest steam tractors such as the 150 horsepower 110 kW Case known as Road Locomotives were capable of pulling 30 or more plough bottoms while most were powerful enough to pull between 6 and 20 Differing soil conditions highly affected the ploughing abilities of these tractors Manufacturers editSee List of traction engine and steam tractor manufacturersFestivals and museums editListList of steam fairs where preserved steam tractors may be seen in actionMuseumsA Hundred Years of Progress Carthage NC 1 Hesston Steam Museum La Porte Indiana 2 Antique Gas and Steam Engine Museum Vista California Antique Powerland Brooks Oregon USA 2 Fort Edmonton Park Edmonton Alberta Canada Heidrick Ag History Center Woodland California Heritage Museum on the Old Thresher s Reunion grounds Mt Pleasant Iowa National Agricultural Museum Szreniawa Poland 3 Ontario Agricultural Museum Ontario Canada Manitoba Agricultural Museum Austin Manitoba Canada 4 Upper Peninsula Steam and Gas Engine Association Museum Escanaba Michigan 5 Rough and Tumble Kinzers Pennsylvania USA 6 See also edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Steam tractors Farm equipment History of steam road vehicles Live steam Steam car Steamroller Steam tricycle Steam wagon Traction engineReferences edit Ranieri Malcolm 2005 Traction Engine Album Crowood Press p 37 ISBN 1861267940 Brettman Allan July 24 2010 Collectors at Great Oregon Steam Up are always steamed about their passion The Oregonian Retrieved 2010 08 08 External links editSteam Tractors Part 1 Part 2 amp Part 3 three part account of Steam Tractors at work by Mike Rooth Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Steam tractor amp oldid 1184485365, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
