For the notion in computational geometry, see Stabbing set.
A stabbing is penetration or rough contact with a sharp or pointed object at close range. Stab connotes purposeful action, as by an assassin or murderer, but it is also possible to accidentally stab oneself or others. Stabbing differs from slashing or cutting in that the motion of the object used in a stabbing generally moves perpendicular to and directly into the victim's body, rather than being drawn across it.
Stabbings have been common among gangs and in prisons because knives are cheap, easy to acquire (or manufacture), easily concealable and relatively effective.
In 2013, about 8 million stabbings occurred worldwide.[1]
In the US in 2020, 9% of the 22,429 homicides involved a sharp instrument; of these a larger proportion of females used a sharp instrument (13%) versus males (8.2%).[2]
Historyedit
After being attacked and stabbed in September 1898, Austro-Hungarian Empress Elisabeth of Bavaria boarded a ship, unaware of the severity of her condition as consequence of an acute stress reaction. Bleeding to death from a puncture wound to the heart, Elisabeth's last words were, "What happened to me?"Murder weapon, evidence and photos from a murder case in Trondheim, Norway 1928. The broken blade of the knife was stuck in the back of the stabbed victim. Exhibits in the Norwegian National Museum of Criminal Justice.
In Japan, the historical practice of stabbing oneself deliberately in ritual suicide is known as seppuku (more colloquially hara-kiri, literally "belly-cutting" since it involves cutting open the abdomen). The ritual is highly codified, and the person committing suicide is assisted by a "second" who is entrusted to decapitate him cleanly (and thus expedite death and prevent an undignified spectacle) once he has made the abdominal wound.
Mechanismedit
The human skin has a somewhat elastic property as a self-defense; when the human body is stabbed by a thin object such as a small kitchen knife, the skin often closes tightly around the object and closes again if the object is removed, which can trap some blood within the body. It has thus been speculated that the fuller, an elongated concave depression in a metal blade, functions to let blood out of the body in order to cause more damage. This misconception has led to fullers becoming widely known as "blood grooves". The fuller is actually a structural reinforcement of the blade similar in design to a metal I-beam used in construction. However, internal bleeding is just as dangerous as external bleeding; if enough blood vessels are severed to cause serious injury, the skin's elasticity will do nothing to prevent blood from exiting the circulatory system and accumulating uselessly in other parts of the body.
Death from stabbing is caused by shock, severe blood loss, infection, or loss of function of an essential organ such as the heart and/or lungs.
Although previously a victim of abdominal stabbing would be subject to exploratory surgery laparotomy, it is now considered safe not to operate if the patient is stable. In that case, they should be observed for signs of decompensation indicating a serious injury. If the patient initially presents stabbing injuries and is unstable, then laparotomy should be initiated to discover and rectify any internal injury.
Autopsy examinationedit
When someone who has sustained a stab wound dies, the body is autopsied and the wound is inspected by a forensic pathologist. Such examination can yield valuable information about the weapon used to produce the injury. From the external appearance and internal findings, the pathologist will usually be able to offer opinion about the dimensions of the weapon including the width and minimum possible length of the blade. It is possible to determine whether the weapon was single edged or double edged.[3]
Sometimes factors like the taper of the blade and movement of knife in the wound can also be determined. Bruises or abrasions may give information about the guard.[3]
^"Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013". Lancet. 386 (9995): 743–800. 22 August 2015. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(15)60692-4. PMC4561509. PMID 26063472.
^Liu, Grace S. (2023). "Surveillance for Violent Deaths — National Violent Death Reporting System, 48 States, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico, 2020". MMWR. Surveillance Summaries. 72. doi:10.15585/mmwr.ss7205a1. ISSN 1546-0738. PMC10208308.
^ abJames, Biju; Ajay Balachandran; Anu Sasidharan; Ramakrishanan U K; Prem T N; Thomas Jerry (22 July 2013). "Unusual Incised Stab Wound Produced by a Single Edged Weapon: A Case Report". Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology. 7 (2): 1–3. doi:10.5958/j.0973-9130.7.2.001.
External linksedit
Media related to Stabbing at Wikimedia Commons
April 10, 2024
stabbing, information, relating, stab, wounds, stab, wound, information, relating, terrorist, stabbings, terrorist, tactic, notion, computational, geometry, stabbing, penetration, rough, contact, with, sharp, pointed, object, close, range, stab, connotes, purp. For information relating to stab wounds see Stab wound For information relating to terrorist stabbings see Stabbing as a terrorist tactic For the notion in computational geometry see Stabbing set A stabbing is penetration or rough contact with a sharp or pointed object at close range Stab connotes purposeful action as by an assassin or murderer but it is also possible to accidentally stab oneself or others Stabbing differs from slashing or cutting in that the motion of the object used in a stabbing generally moves perpendicular to and directly into the victim s body rather than being drawn across it A detail from The Haywain Triptych by Hieronymus BoschStabbings have been common among gangs and in prisons because knives are cheap easy to acquire or manufacture easily concealable and relatively effective Contents 1 Epidemiology 2 History 3 Mechanism 4 Medical treatment 5 Autopsy examination 6 See also 7 References 8 External linksEpidemiology editIn 2013 about 8 million stabbings occurred worldwide 1 In the US in 2020 9 of the 22 429 homicides involved a sharp instrument of these a larger proportion of females used a sharp instrument 13 versus males 8 2 2 History edit nbsp After being attacked and stabbed in September 1898 Austro Hungarian Empress Elisabeth of Bavaria boarded a ship unaware of the severity of her condition as consequence of an acute stress reaction Bleeding to death from a puncture wound to the heart Elisabeth s last words were What happened to me nbsp Murder weapon evidence and photos from a murder case in Trondheim Norway 1928 The broken blade of the knife was stuck in the back of the stabbed victim Exhibits in the Norwegian National Museum of Criminal Justice Stabbings have been common throughout human history and were the means used to assassinate a number of distinguished historical figures such as Second Caliph Umar and Roman dictator Julius Caesar and emperor Caligula In Japan the historical practice of stabbing oneself deliberately in ritual suicide is known as seppuku more colloquially hara kiri literally belly cutting since it involves cutting open the abdomen The ritual is highly codified and the person committing suicide is assisted by a second who is entrusted to decapitate him cleanly and thus expedite death and prevent an undignified spectacle once he has made the abdominal wound Mechanism editThe human skin has a somewhat elastic property as a self defense when the human body is stabbed by a thin object such as a small kitchen knife the skin often closes tightly around the object and closes again if the object is removed which can trap some blood within the body It has thus been speculated that the fuller an elongated concave depression in a metal blade functions to let blood out of the body in order to cause more damage This misconception has led to fullers becoming widely known as blood grooves The fuller is actually a structural reinforcement of the blade similar in design to a metal I beam used in construction However internal bleeding is just as dangerous as external bleeding if enough blood vessels are severed to cause serious injury the skin s elasticity will do nothing to prevent blood from exiting the circulatory system and accumulating uselessly in other parts of the body Death from stabbing is caused by shock severe blood loss infection or loss of function of an essential organ such as the heart and or lungs Medical treatment editFurther information Stab wound Although previously a victim of abdominal stabbing would be subject to exploratory surgery laparotomy it is now considered safe not to operate if the patient is stable In that case they should be observed for signs of decompensation indicating a serious injury If the patient initially presents stabbing injuries and is unstable then laparotomy should be initiated to discover and rectify any internal injury Autopsy examination editWhen someone who has sustained a stab wound dies the body is autopsied and the wound is inspected by a forensic pathologist Such examination can yield valuable information about the weapon used to produce the injury From the external appearance and internal findings the pathologist will usually be able to offer opinion about the dimensions of the weapon including the width and minimum possible length of the blade It is possible to determine whether the weapon was single edged or double edged 3 Sometimes factors like the taper of the blade and movement of knife in the wound can also be determined Bruises or abrasions may give information about the guard 3 See also editStabbing as a terrorist tactic Wound Impalement Mass stabbingReferences edit Global regional and national incidence prevalence and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries 1990 2013 a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 Lancet 386 9995 743 800 22 August 2015 doi 10 1016 s0140 6736 15 60692 4 PMC 4561509 PMID 26063472 Liu Grace S 2023 Surveillance for Violent Deaths National Violent Death Reporting System 48 States the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico 2020 MMWR Surveillance Summaries 72 doi 10 15585 mmwr ss7205a1 ISSN 1546 0738 PMC 10208308 a b James Biju Ajay Balachandran Anu Sasidharan Ramakrishanan U K Prem T N Thomas Jerry 22 July 2013 Unusual Incised Stab Wound Produced by a Single Edged Weapon A Case Report Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine amp Toxicology 7 2 1 3 doi 10 5958 j 0973 9130 7 2 001 External links edit nbsp Media related to Stabbing at Wikimedia Commons Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Stabbing amp oldid 1190351582, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
