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St John's Gate, Clerkenwell

St John's Gate, in Clerkenwell, Middlesex, now within central London, is one of the few tangible remains from Clerkenwell's monastic past. It was built in 1504 by Prior Thomas Docwra as the south entrance to the inner precinct of Clerkenwell Priory, the English headquarters of the Knights of the Order of St John (known as the Knights Hospitaller).

St John's Gate, Clerkenwell in 2007
St John's Gate, Clerkenwell in 1786, before the Victorian restoration

The substructure is of brick, while the north and south façades are of stone. After centuries of decay and much rebuilding, very little of the stone facing is original. Heavily restored in the 19th century, the Gate today is in large part a Victorian recreation, the handiwork of a succession of architectsWilliam Pettit Griffith, R. Norman Shaw, and J. Oldrid Scott.

History edit

The Priory was established in the 1140s in Clerkenwell as the English headquarters of the Order. The Order was dissolved by King Henry VIII as part of the Dissolution of the Monasteries when its lands and wealth were seized by the Crown. The Order was re-established for a brief period by that king's Roman Catholic daughter, Queen Mary, who granted it a Royal Charter. However, when her Protestant half-sister Queen Elizabeth I succeeded her, the Order in England was dissolved once again.[1] The Order was re-established in England during the Victorian era.

Uses edit

The building has many historical associations, most notably as the original printing-house for Edward Cave's pioneering monthly, The Gentleman's Magazine, and sometime workplace of Samuel Johnson. From 1701 to 1709 it was the childhood home of the painter William Hogarth, whose father Richard Hogarth in 1703 opened a coffee house there, known as "Hogarth's Coffee House", which offered Latin lessons together with coffee. For many years the building was used as a tavern. In 1831 John Frost established a medical hospital (St John's Hospital) in the building, the original mediaeval usage of that word signifying a guest-house.

The Gate was acquired in the 1870s by the revived Order of St John and was gradually converted to serve as headquarters of both the Order and its subsidiary, the St John Ambulance Brigade. It now also houses the Museum of the Order of St John.[2] Much of its Tudor-style interior, including the Council Chamber over the arch, is attributed to Scott's Victorian restoration in the 1880s and 1890s.

St John's Gate was voted an iconic landmark to represent Islington for the London Olympics 2012.[3]

Stone plaque edit

A modern stone plaque is affixed to the building inscribed as follows:[4]

St John's Gate. This building was the main entrance to the Grand Priory of the Order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem. The original gatehouse was erected about the year 1148 & was burnt down by Wat Tyler in 1381. It was restored by Prior John Redington & was finally rebuilt in its present form by Prior Thomas Docwra in 1504. The Grand Priory buildings were appropriated by the crown in 1559. The order of the Hospital of St. John of Jerusalem resumed possession of this gatehouse in 1873.

See also edit

Gallery edit

References edit

  1. ^ "The Clerkenwell Priory". Museum of the Order of St John.
  2. ^ "Our Museum". Sja.org.uk. 2 November 2011. Retrieved 17 October 2013.
  3. ^ . London2012.com. Archived from the original on 25 April 2012. Retrieved 17 October 2013.
  4. ^ See image

External links edit

  • Historical picture of St John's Gate
  • Museum and Library of the Order of St John at St John's Gate

51°31′19.27″N 0°06′10.10″W / 51.5220194°N 0.1028056°W / 51.5220194; -0.1028056

john, gate, clerkenwell, john, gate, clerkenwell, middlesex, within, central, london, tangible, remains, from, clerkenwell, monastic, past, built, 1504, prior, thomas, docwra, south, entrance, inner, precinct, clerkenwell, priory, english, headquarters, knight. St John s Gate in Clerkenwell Middlesex now within central London is one of the few tangible remains from Clerkenwell s monastic past It was built in 1504 by Prior Thomas Docwra as the south entrance to the inner precinct of Clerkenwell Priory the English headquarters of the Knights of the Order of St John known as the Knights Hospitaller St John s Gate Clerkenwell in 2007 St John s Gate Clerkenwell in 1786 before the Victorian restoration The substructure is of brick while the north and south facades are of stone After centuries of decay and much rebuilding very little of the stone facing is original Heavily restored in the 19th century the Gate today is in large part a Victorian recreation the handiwork of a succession of architects William Pettit Griffith R Norman Shaw and J Oldrid Scott Contents 1 History 2 Uses 3 Stone plaque 4 See also 5 Gallery 6 References 7 External linksHistory editThe Priory was established in the 1140s in Clerkenwell as the English headquarters of the Order The Order was dissolved by King Henry VIII as part of the Dissolution of the Monasteries when its lands and wealth were seized by the Crown The Order was re established for a brief period by that king s Roman Catholic daughter Queen Mary who granted it a Royal Charter However when her Protestant half sister Queen Elizabeth I succeeded her the Order in England was dissolved once again 1 The Order was re established in England during the Victorian era Uses editThe building has many historical associations most notably as the original printing house for Edward Cave s pioneering monthly The Gentleman s Magazine and sometime workplace of Samuel Johnson From 1701 to 1709 it was the childhood home of the painter William Hogarth whose father Richard Hogarth in 1703 opened a coffee house there known as Hogarth s Coffee House which offered Latin lessons together with coffee For many years the building was used as a tavern In 1831 John Frost established a medical hospital St John s Hospital in the building the original mediaeval usage of that word signifying a guest house The Gate was acquired in the 1870s by the revived Order of St John and was gradually converted to serve as headquarters of both the Order and its subsidiary the St John Ambulance Brigade It now also houses the Museum of the Order of St John 2 Much of its Tudor style interior including the Council Chamber over the arch is attributed to Scott s Victorian restoration in the 1880s and 1890s St John s Gate was voted an iconic landmark to represent Islington for the London Olympics 2012 3 Stone plaque editA modern stone plaque is affixed to the building inscribed as follows 4 St John s Gate This building was the main entrance to the Grand Priory of the Order of the Hospital of St John of Jerusalem The original gatehouse was erected about the year 1148 amp was burnt down by Wat Tyler in 1381 It was restored by Prior John Redington amp was finally rebuilt in its present form by Prior Thomas Docwra in 1504 The Grand Priory buildings were appropriated by the crown in 1559 The order of the Hospital of St John of Jerusalem resumed possession of this gatehouse in 1873 See also editMuseum of the Order of St JohnGallery edit nbsp Detail of window and shields nbsp View from Clerkenwell Road nbsp Gate of St John s Hospital by Wenceslaus Hollar 1661 nbsp Copper engraved view from Boswell s Antiquities published in London by Alexander Hogg 1786 nbsp Copper engraved view from Boswell s Antiquities published in London by Alexander Hogg 1786 nbsp Steel engraving by Thomas Hosmer Shepherd 1829 1831 nbsp The Gentleman s Magazine May 1759 with front page illustration of St John s Gate nbsp Watercolour by John Wykeham Archer 1842 nbsp Photograph by Henry Dixon 1880References edit The Clerkenwell Priory Museum of the Order of St John Our Museum Sja org uk 2 November 2011 Retrieved 17 October 2013 London 2012 Photos Best Olympic Photos amp Highlights London2012 com Archived from the original on 25 April 2012 Retrieved 17 October 2013 See imageExternal links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to St John s Gate Clerkenwell Historical picture of St John s Gate Museum and Library of the Order of St John at St John s Gate 51 31 19 27 N 0 06 10 10 W 51 5220194 N 0 1028056 W 51 5220194 0 1028056 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title St John 27s Gate Clerkenwell amp oldid 1222593960, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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