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Abbey of Saint Peter in the Black Forest

May 03, 2024

St Peter's Abbey in the Black Forest or St. Peter's Abbey, Schwarzwald (German: Kloster St. Peter auf dem Schwarzwald) is a former Benedictine monastery in the village of St. Peter im Schwarzwald, in the district of Breisgau-Hochschwarzwald, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.

Imperial Abbey of St Peter in the Black Forest
Reichskloster St Peter auf dem Schwarzwald
11th century–1806
Coat of arms
StatusImperial Abbey
CapitalSt Peter im Schwarzwald
GovernmentTheocracy
Historical eraMiddle Ages
• Abbey founded
1073 or before
11th century
• Vögterei passed from
    Zähringen to Urach
 
late 13th century
• Vögterei passed from
    Urach to Habsburgs
 
1526
1806
Preceded by		 Succeeded by
Abbey church
Abbey church, interior

History edit

The monastic community of St. Peter's was the house monastery and burial place of the Zähringen family. It was founded in Weilheim, in or before 1073, but was forced by hostile military action during the Investiture Controversy to move to Hirsau. Duke Berthold II of Zähringen (1078–1111) re-founded it as a family monastery, but decided in about 1090 to move it to the site which is now St. Peter im Schwarzwald.

Here it soon developed as a reformed Benedictine monastery directly answerable to the papacy, as witness for example the privilege of Pope Urban II of 10 March 1095. The Vögte (lords protectors) were initially the Zähringen family but, in the late 13th century, they were succeeded by the Counts of Urach, against whom the monks were eventually obliged to seek the protection of Emperor Charles IV. In 1526 the office passed to the Habsburgs. In the 1520s its prior Michael Sattler became a leader of the Anabaptists.[1]

By the gift of the Zähringen family and their ministeriales the abbey acquired substantial property, particularly in the 11th and 12th centuries, located in the immediate area, in the Breisgau and in the Baar region, near Weilheim. The abbey, like most other landowners of the time, suffered significant loss of income and tenants after the middle of the 14th century.

The abbey suffered disastrous fires in 1238 and again in 1437. It lost importance in the later mediaeval period, and the monastic reforms of the 15th century had little effect here. Nevertheless, it managed to keep its property intact, even through the troubles of the Reformation. The premises were re-built in Baroque style in the 17th and 18th centuries; the present church with the two onion towers ("Zwiebeltürme") was built in the 1720s. The architect was Peter Thumb, and the opulent Baroque decoration was by Franz Joseph Spiegler (55 frescoes, 1727) and Joseph Anton Feuchtmayer (sculptures), among other artists and craftsmen. Peter Thumb also constructed the library. The abbey was dissolved in the secularisation of 1806.

Abbots to 1544 edit

  • Adalbero (1093–1100)
  • Hugo I (1100–08)
  • Eppo (1108–32)
  • Gozmann (1132–37)
  • Markward (1154–83)
  • Rudolf of Reutenhalden (1183–91)
  • Berthold I (1191–1220)
  • Heinrich I (1220–55)
  • Arnold (1255–75)
  • Walther I (1275–91)
  • Eberhard (1291–95)
  • Gottfried of Lötschibach (1295–1322)
  • Berthold II (1322–49)
  • Walther II (1350–53)
  • Johannes I of Immendingen (1353–57)
  • Peter I of Thannheim (1357–66)
  • Jakob I Stahelin (1367–80)
  • Hugo II (1380–82)
  • Heinrich II of Stein (1382–90)
  • Heinrich III Salatin (1390–92)
  • Johannes II of Stein (1392)
  • Erhard (1392–1401)
  • Benedikt I of Thannheim (1401–02)
  • Johannes III (1402–04)
  • Johannes IV Kanzler (1404–09)
  • Heinrich IV von Oettlingen (1409–14)
  • Heinrich V von Hornberg (1414–27)
  • Johannes V Tüffer (1427–39)
  • Jakob II von Altensummerau (1439–43)
  • Konrad von Hofen (1443–49)
  • Burkhard von Mansberg (1449–53)
  • Johannes VI von Küssenberg (1453–69)
  • Peter II Emhardt (1469–92)
  • Simon Budner (1492–96)
  • Peter III Gremmelsbach (1496–1512)
  • Jodocus Kaiser (1512–31)
  • Adam Guldin (1531–44)

Abbots of the Early Modern period include:

  • Philipp Jakob Steyrer (1749–95)
  • Ignaz Speckle (1795–1806)

Burials edit

References edit

  1. ^ C. Arnold Snyder 'Anabaptist history and theology' (Kitchener, Ontario: Pandora Press 1995), p.60
  • Buhlmann, M., 2004. Benediktinisches Mönchtum im mittelalterlichen Schwarzwald. Ein Lexikon. Vortrag beim Schwarzwaldverein St. Georgen e.V., St. Georgen im Schwarzwald, 10. November 2004, Teil 2: N-Z (= Vertex Alemanniae, H.10/2), pp82ff. St. Georgen.

External links edit

  • (in German) Bibliography, University of Freiburg Library
  • St. Peter: History and images (in German)
  • (in German)
  • (in German) Detailed student research paper about the frescoes depicting scenes from the life of St. Peter

48°01′00″N 8°01′57″E / 48.01667°N 8.03250°E / 48.01667; 8.03250

May 03, 2024
abbey, saint, peter, black, forest, peter, abbey, black, forest, peter, abbey, schwarzwald, german, kloster, peter, schwarzwald, former, benedictine, monastery, village, peter, schwarzwald, district, breisgau, hochschwarzwald, baden, württemberg, germany, impe. St Peter s Abbey in the Black Forest or St Peter s Abbey Schwarzwald German Kloster St Peter auf dem Schwarzwald is a former Benedictine monastery in the village of St Peter im Schwarzwald in the district of Breisgau Hochschwarzwald Baden Wurttemberg Germany Imperial Abbey of St Peter in the Black ForestReichskloster St Peter auf dem Schwarzwald11th century 1806Coat of armsStatusImperial AbbeyCapitalSt Peter im SchwarzwaldGovernmentTheocracyHistorical eraMiddle Ages Abbey founded1073 or before Imperial immediacy11th century Vogterei passed from Zahringen to Urach late 13th century Vogterei passed from Urach to Habsburgs 1526 Secularised to Baden1806Preceded by Succeeded by Duchy of Swabia Grand Duchy of Baden Abbey church Abbey church interior Contents 1 History 2 Abbots to 1544 3 Burials 4 References 5 External linksHistory editThe monastic community of St Peter s was the house monastery and burial place of the Zahringen family It was founded in Weilheim in or before 1073 but was forced by hostile military action during the Investiture Controversy to move to Hirsau Duke Berthold II of Zahringen 1078 1111 re founded it as a family monastery but decided in about 1090 to move it to the site which is now St Peter im Schwarzwald Here it soon developed as a reformed Benedictine monastery directly answerable to the papacy as witness for example the privilege of Pope Urban II of 10 March 1095 The Vogte lords protectors were initially the Zahringen family but in the late 13th century they were succeeded by the Counts of Urach against whom the monks were eventually obliged to seek the protection of Emperor Charles IV In 1526 the office passed to the Habsburgs In the 1520s its prior Michael Sattler became a leader of the Anabaptists 1 By the gift of the Zahringen family and their ministeriales the abbey acquired substantial property particularly in the 11th and 12th centuries located in the immediate area in the Breisgau and in the Baar region near Weilheim The abbey like most other landowners of the time suffered significant loss of income and tenants after the middle of the 14th century The abbey suffered disastrous fires in 1238 and again in 1437 It lost importance in the later mediaeval period and the monastic reforms of the 15th century had little effect here Nevertheless it managed to keep its property intact even through the troubles of the Reformation The premises were re built in Baroque style in the 17th and 18th centuries the present church with the two onion towers Zwiebelturme was built in the 1720s The architect was Peter Thumb and the opulent Baroque decoration was by Franz Joseph Spiegler 55 frescoes 1727 and Joseph Anton Feuchtmayer sculptures among other artists and craftsmen Peter Thumb also constructed the library The abbey was dissolved in the secularisation of 1806 Abbots to 1544 editAdalbero 1093 1100 Hugo I 1100 08 Eppo 1108 32 Gozmann 1132 37 Markward 1154 83 Rudolf of Reutenhalden 1183 91 Berthold I 1191 1220 Heinrich I 1220 55 Arnold 1255 75 Walther I 1275 91 Eberhard 1291 95 Gottfried of Lotschibach 1295 1322 Berthold II 1322 49 Walther II 1350 53 Johannes I of Immendingen 1353 57 Peter I of Thannheim 1357 66 Jakob I Stahelin 1367 80 Hugo II 1380 82 Heinrich II of Stein 1382 90 Heinrich III Salatin 1390 92 Johannes II of Stein 1392 Erhard 1392 1401 Benedikt I of Thannheim 1401 02 Johannes III 1402 04 Johannes IV Kanzler 1404 09 Heinrich IV von Oettlingen 1409 14 Heinrich V von Hornberg 1414 27 Johannes V Tuffer 1427 39 Jakob II von Altensummerau 1439 43 Konrad von Hofen 1443 49 Burkhard von Mansberg 1449 53 Johannes VI von Kussenberg 1453 69 Peter II Emhardt 1469 92 Simon Budner 1492 96 Peter III Gremmelsbach 1496 1512 Jodocus Kaiser 1512 31 Adam Guldin 1531 44 Abbots of the Early Modern period include Philipp Jakob Steyrer 1749 95 Ignaz Speckle 1795 1806 Burials editConrad I Duke of Zahringen Agnes of Rheinfelden Berthold II Duke of SwabiaReferences edit C Arnold Snyder Anabaptist history and theology Kitchener Ontario Pandora Press 1995 p 60 Buhlmann M 2004 Benediktinisches Monchtum im mittelalterlichen Schwarzwald Ein Lexikon Vortrag beim Schwarzwaldverein St Georgen e V St Georgen im Schwarzwald 10 November 2004 Teil 2 N Z Vertex Alemanniae H 10 2 pp82ff St Georgen External links edit in German Bibliography University of Freiburg Library St Peter History and images in German in German Short history by the town of St Peter in German Detailed student research paper about the frescoes depicting scenes from the life of St Peter 48 01 00 N 8 01 57 E 48 01667 N 8 03250 E 48 01667 8 03250 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Abbey of Saint Peter in the Black Forest amp oldid 1191043387, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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