Sphagnum fuscum, the rusty bogmoss[1] or rusty peat moss, is a peat moss found commonly in Norway and Sweden, and can be found scattered across North America, the United Kingdom, and in southern to eastern Europe.[2]
Sphagnum fuscum is brown to greenish brown in color with slender brown stems. It is individually less robust than other peat mosses, especially when clumped into compact hummocks. The moss will form thread-like branches interwoven within hummocks. The leaves along the stem are tongue-shaped, while the leaves along the branches are pointed and lance-shaped. During the sporophyte stage, the moss will have a short stalk of around 1-2mm, with a brown capsule of about 1-1.5mm. Sphagnum fuscum prefers older, drier bogs to inhabit and will formulate hummocks in such conditions. In bogs dominated by black spruce, S. fuscum will form extensive ground cover. On average, S. fuscum inhabits more acidic soils with pH ranging from 3.6-7.5, and is also able to colonize at high elevations. The moss is circumpolar.[3]
Endangerment
Sphagnum fuscum faces endangerment across much of the globe. Due to reductions in wetlands and development of these areas, the moss is referred to as “high risk” in Germany, while being on several Endangered species lists within some German states. Switzerland has labelled S. fuscum as vulnerable. In the United States, S. fuscum is reported to be at risk in the state of North Carolina. Across Europe, S. fuscum’s habitats are under protection. Germany and Switzerland have both placed the moss under “special protection.”
Associated species
This species is associated with Sphagnum angustifolium, S. fallax, S. magellanicum, S. papillosum, more infrequently with S. teres, and S. warnstorfii in richer sites.[4]Sphagnum fuscum is easily discernible from other species of Sphagnum, as it tends to be reddish brown in color, and is more likely to form hummocks.
Distribution
Known occurrence of Sphagnum fuscus are on the map above. The moss inhabits boreal forests and marshlands primarily, and is more likely to be found in colder climates. The moss is also capable of inhabiting areas of relatively high elevation.
Uses
In recent studies performed in Eastern Europe, it was found that stable carbon and oxygen isotope ratios in α-cellulose of Sphagnum fuscum stems subsampled from hummocks and peat plateau profiles are useful indicators for summer temperature and winter precipitation at decadal to millennial timescales.[5] In another study conducted in Alberta, Canada, it was found that S. fuscum serves as an indicator of high depositions of sulphur and nitrogen in substrates. S. fuscum grows in areas with high sulphur and nitrogen depositions, which is concomitant with the decreased pH of the soil.[6] Sphagnum has also been used historically for medicinal purposes. The moss itself has antimicrobial properties, and was therefore used as an effective filler for wounds to prevent infection. It also retains large amounts of moisture, which was quite useful in keeping the skin around a wound moist to prevent tissue death.
References
^Edwards, Sean R. (2012). English Names for British Bryophytes. British Bryological Society Special Volume. Vol. 5 (4 ed.). Wootton, Northampton: British Bryological Society. ISBN978-0-9561310-2-7. ISSN 0268-8034.
^"Sphagnum fuscum Klinggräf, 1872". Retrieved 17 December 2013.
^Andy Amphlett and Sandy Payne (2010). "Sphagnum fuscum" (PDF). In I. Atherton; S. Bosanquet; M. Lawley (eds.). Mosses and Liverworts of Britain and Ireland. British Bryological Society. p. 290. ISBN9780956131010.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
^Andrus, Richard E. "Sphagnum fuscum". efloras.org. Retrieved 17 December 2013.
^Tillman, Päivi Kaislahti; Steffen Holzkämper; Thorbjørn Joest Andersen; Gustaf Hugelius; Peter Kuhry; Pirita Oksanen (October 2013). "Stable isotopes in Sphagnum fuscum peat as late-Holocene climate proxies in northeastern European Russia". The Holocene. 23 (10): 1381–1390. Bibcode:2013Holoc..23.1381K. doi:10.1177/0959683613489580. S2CID 128940821.
^Wieder, R. Kelman; et al. (2009). Nitrogen and sulphur deposition and the growth of Sphagnum fuscum in bogs of the Athabasca Oil Sands Region, Alberta. Villanova, PA: University of Villanova. pp. 161–170.
December 26, 2022
sphagnum, fuscum, rusty, bogmoss, rusty, peat, moss, peat, moss, found, commonly, norway, sweden, found, scattered, across, north, america, united, kingdom, southern, eastern, europe, scientific, classificationkingdom, plantaedivision, bryophytaclass, sphagnop. Sphagnum fuscum the rusty bogmoss 1 or rusty peat moss is a peat moss found commonly in Norway and Sweden and can be found scattered across North America the United Kingdom and in southern to eastern Europe 2 Sphagnum fuscumSphagnum fuscumScientific classificationKingdom PlantaeDivision BryophytaClass SphagnopsidaSubclass SphagnidaeOrder SphagnalesFamily SphagnaceaeGenus SphagnumSpecies S fuscumBinomial nameSphagnum fuscum Schimp H Klinggr Contents 1 Description 2 Endangerment 3 Associated species 4 Distribution 5 Uses 6 ReferencesDescription EditSphagnum fuscum is brown to greenish brown in color with slender brown stems It is individually less robust than other peat mosses especially when clumped into compact hummocks The moss will form thread like branches interwoven within hummocks The leaves along the stem are tongue shaped while the leaves along the branches are pointed and lance shaped During the sporophyte stage the moss will have a short stalk of around 1 2mm with a brown capsule of about 1 1 5mm Sphagnum fuscum prefers older drier bogs to inhabit and will formulate hummocks in such conditions In bogs dominated by black spruce S fuscum will form extensive ground cover On average S fuscum inhabits more acidic soils with pH ranging from 3 6 7 5 and is also able to colonize at high elevations The moss is circumpolar 3 Endangerment EditSphagnum fuscum faces endangerment across much of the globe Due to reductions in wetlands and development of these areas the moss is referred to as high risk in Germany while being on several Endangered species lists within some German states Switzerland has labelled S fuscum as vulnerable In the United States S fuscum is reported to be at risk in the state of North Carolina Across Europe S fuscum s habitats are under protection Germany and Switzerland have both placed the moss under special protection Associated species EditThis species is associated with Sphagnum angustifolium S fallax S magellanicum S papillosum more infrequently with S teres and S warnstorfii in richer sites 4 Sphagnum fuscum is easily discernible from other species of Sphagnum as it tends to be reddish brown in color and is more likely to form hummocks Distribution Edit Known occurrence of Sphagnum fuscus are on the map above The moss inhabits boreal forests and marshlands primarily and is more likely to be found in colder climates The moss is also capable of inhabiting areas of relatively high elevation Uses EditIn recent studies performed in Eastern Europe it was found that stable carbon and oxygen isotope ratios in a cellulose of Sphagnum fuscum stems subsampled from hummocks and peat plateau profiles are useful indicators for summer temperature and winter precipitation at decadal to millennial timescales 5 In another study conducted in Alberta Canada it was found that S fuscum serves as an indicator of high depositions of sulphur and nitrogen in substrates S fuscum grows in areas with high sulphur and nitrogen depositions which is concomitant with the decreased pH of the soil 6 Sphagnum has also been used historically for medicinal purposes The moss itself has antimicrobial properties and was therefore used as an effective filler for wounds to prevent infection It also retains large amounts of moisture which was quite useful in keeping the skin around a wound moist to prevent tissue death References Edit Edwards Sean R 2012 English Names for British Bryophytes British Bryological Society Special Volume Vol 5 4 ed Wootton Northampton British Bryological Society ISBN 978 0 9561310 2 7 ISSN 0268 8034 Sphagnum fuscum Klinggraf 1872 Retrieved 17 December 2013 Andy Amphlett and Sandy Payne 2010 Sphagnum fuscum PDF In I Atherton S Bosanquet M Lawley eds Mosses and Liverworts of Britain and Ireland British Bryological Society p 290 ISBN 9780956131010 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint uses authors parameter link Andrus Richard E Sphagnum fuscum efloras org Retrieved 17 December 2013 Tillman Paivi Kaislahti Steffen Holzkamper Thorbjorn Joest Andersen Gustaf Hugelius Peter Kuhry Pirita Oksanen October 2013 Stable isotopes in Sphagnum fuscum peat as late Holocene climate proxies in northeastern European Russia The Holocene 23 10 1381 1390 Bibcode 2013Holoc 23 1381K doi 10 1177 0959683613489580 S2CID 128940821 Wieder R Kelman et al 2009 Nitrogen and sulphur deposition and the growth of Sphagnum fuscum in bogs of the Athabasca Oil Sands Region Alberta Villanova PA University of Villanova pp 161 170 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Sphagnum fuscum amp oldid 1106799055, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
