During and after World War II freed POWs went to special "filtration camps" run by the NKVD. Of these, by 1944, more than 90% were cleared, and about 8% were arrested or condemned to serve in penal battalions. In 1944, they were sent directly to reserve military formations to be cleared by the NKVD. Further, in 1945, about 100 filtration camps were set for repatriated Ostarbeiter, POWs, and other displaced persons, which processed more than 4,000,000 people. By 1946, 80% civilians and 20% of POWs were freed, 5% of civilians, and 43% of POWs were re-drafted, 10% of civilians and 22% of POWs were sent to labor battalions, and 2% of civilians and 15% of the POWs (226,127 out of 1,539,475 total) were transferred to the NKVD, i.e. the Gulag.[5][6]
Russian historian G.F. Krivosheev gives slightly different numbers based on documents provided by the KGB: 233,400 were found guilty of collaborating with the enemy and sent to Gulag camps out of 1,836,562 Soviet soldiers who returned from captivity.[7] Latter data do not include millions of civilians who have been repatriated (often involuntarily) to the Soviet Union, and a significant number of whom were also sent to the Gulag or executed (e.g. Betrayal of the Cossacks). The survivors were released during the general amnesty for all POWs and accused collaborators in 1955 on the wave of De-Stalinization following Stalin's death in 1953.
While many scholars agree that de-classified Soviet archive data is a reliable source,[8][9][10]Rolf-Dieter Müller and Gerd R. Ueberschär claimed "Soviet historians engaged for the most part in a disinformation campaign about the extent of the prisoner-of-war problem."[11] and claimed that almost all returning POWs were convicted of collaboration and treason hence sentenced to the various forms of forced labour, while admitting that it would be unlikely to study the full extent of the history of the Soviet prisoners of war.[11] Thousands of Soviet POWs indeed survived through collaboration, many of them joining German forces, including the SS formations.[citation needed]
^Земское В.Н. К вопросу о репатриации советских граждан. 1944–1951 годы // История СССР. 1990. № 4 (Zemskov V.N. On repatriation of Soviet citizens. Istoriya SSSR., 1990, No.4
^(in Russian) Россия и СССР в войнах XX века — Потери вооруженных сил 2010-04-08 at the Wayback Machine Russia and the USSR in the wars of the 20th century — Losses of armed forces
^Edwin Bacon Glasnost' and the Gulag: New Information on Soviet Forced Labour around World War IISoviet Studies, Vol. 44, No. 6 (1992), pp. 1069–1086
^Michael Ellman, Soviet Repression Statistics: Some Comments. Europe-Asia Studies, Vol. 54, No. 7 (Nov., 2002), pp. 1151–1172
^S. G. Wheatcroft, The Scale and Nature of Stalinist Repression and Its Demographic Significance: On Comments by Keep and Conquest. Europe-Asia Studies, Vol. 52, No. 6 (Sep., 2000), pp. 1143–1159
^ abRolf-Dieter Müller; Gerd R. Ueberschär; Bibliothek für Zeitgeschichte (Germany) (January 2002). Hitler's war in the East, 1941–1945: a critical assessment. Berghahn Books. p. 219. ISBN978-1-57181-293-3. Retrieved 19 June 2011.
January 07, 2023
soviet, repressions, against, former, prisoners, some, soviet, prisoners, survived, german, captivity, during, world, were, accused, soviet, authorities, collaboration, with, nazis, branded, traitors, under, order, which, prohibited, soldier, from, surrenderin. Some Soviet prisoners of war who survived German captivity during World War II were accused by the Soviet authorities of collaboration with the Nazis 1 or branded as traitors under Order No 270 which prohibited any soldier from surrendering 2 3 4 Overview EditDuring and after World War II freed POWs went to special filtration camps run by the NKVD Of these by 1944 more than 90 were cleared and about 8 were arrested or condemned to serve in penal battalions In 1944 they were sent directly to reserve military formations to be cleared by the NKVD Further in 1945 about 100 filtration camps were set for repatriated Ostarbeiter POWs and other displaced persons which processed more than 4 000 000 people By 1946 80 civilians and 20 of POWs were freed 5 of civilians and 43 of POWs were re drafted 10 of civilians and 22 of POWs were sent to labor battalions and 2 of civilians and 15 of the POWs 226 127 out of 1 539 475 total were transferred to the NKVD i e the Gulag 5 6 Russian historian G F Krivosheev gives slightly different numbers based on documents provided by the KGB 233 400 were found guilty of collaborating with the enemy and sent to Gulag camps out of 1 836 562 Soviet soldiers who returned from captivity 7 Latter data do not include millions of civilians who have been repatriated often involuntarily to the Soviet Union and a significant number of whom were also sent to the Gulag or executed e g Betrayal of the Cossacks The survivors were released during the general amnesty for all POWs and accused collaborators in 1955 on the wave of De Stalinization following Stalin s death in 1953 While many scholars agree that de classified Soviet archive data is a reliable source 8 9 10 Rolf Dieter Muller and Gerd R Ueberschar claimed Soviet historians engaged for the most part in a disinformation campaign about the extent of the prisoner of war problem 11 and claimed that almost all returning POWs were convicted of collaboration and treason hence sentenced to the various forms of forced labour while admitting that it would be unlikely to study the full extent of the history of the Soviet prisoners of war 11 Thousands of Soviet POWs indeed survived through collaboration many of them joining German forces including the SS formations citation needed See also EditGerman mistreatment of Soviet prisoners of war Operation Keelhaul Repatriation of Cossacks after World War IIReferences Edit Forced labor Soviet POWs January 1942 through May 1945 Holocaust Encyclopedia United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Beichman Arnold Sorting Pieces of the Russian Past Hoover Institution Archived from the original on 2009 02 18 Retrieved 2014 03 01 Patriots ignore greatest brutality Smh com au Retrieved 2014 03 01 Joseph Stalin killer file Moreorless au com Archived from the original on 2013 08 03 Retrieved 2014 03 01 Voenno istoricheskij zhurnal Military Historical Magazine 1997 5 page 32 Zemskoe V N K voprosu o repatriacii sovetskih grazhdan 1944 1951 gody Istoriya SSSR 1990 4 Zemskov V N On repatriation of Soviet citizens Istoriya SSSR 1990 No 4 in Russian Rossiya i SSSR v vojnah XX veka Poteri vooruzhennyh sil Archived 2010 04 08 at the Wayback Machine Russia and the USSR in the wars of the 20th century Losses of armed forces Edwin Bacon Glasnost and the Gulag New Information on Soviet Forced Labour around World War IISoviet Studies Vol 44 No 6 1992 pp 1069 1086 Michael Ellman Soviet Repression Statistics Some Comments Europe Asia Studies Vol 54 No 7 Nov 2002 pp 1151 1172 S G Wheatcroft The Scale and Nature of Stalinist Repression and Its Demographic Significance On Comments by Keep and Conquest Europe Asia Studies Vol 52 No 6 Sep 2000 pp 1143 1159 a b Rolf Dieter Muller Gerd R Ueberschar Bibliothek fur Zeitgeschichte Germany January 2002 Hitler s war in the East 1941 1945 a critical assessment Berghahn Books p 219 ISBN 978 1 57181 293 3 Retrieved 19 June 2011 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Soviet repressions against former prisoners of war amp oldid 1123132083, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
