Son-Rise is a home-based program for children and adults with autism spectrum disorders and other developmental disabilities, which was developed by Barry Neil Kaufman and Samahria Lyte Kaufman for their son Raun, who was diagnosed with autism and is claimed to have fully recovered from his condition.[1] The program is described by Autism Speaks as a "child-centered program that places parents as the key therapists and directors of their program."[2][medical citation needed]
Parents are trained at the Kaufman's Autism Treatment Center of America (ATCA) - the division of The Option Institute in Sheffield, Massachusetts that teaches The Son-Rise Program. There, the Kaufman family and their fellow staff members teach families and professionals how to be aware of their attitudes—a core principle of the therapy—for bonding and relationship building, as well as creating a low-stimulus, distraction-free playroom or a room of attention environment so the autistic person (child or adult) can feel secure and in control of the over-stimulation. Parents and facilitators join in an autistic person's exclusive and restricted stimming behavior until the autistic person shows social cues for willing engagement. Then encouragement for more complex social activities is done in a non-coercive way. If the autistic person moves away from social interaction, the facilitator gives the autistic person their space by using parallel play in order to gain the child's or the adult's trust. To encourage skill acquisition, the program uses the autistic person's particular motivation for learning.[2]
The program's developers claim if the parents learn to accept their loved one without judgement that they will teach themselves to interact with others, and that this will allow them to engage in social interaction because they chose to learn the skills.[1][3] A 2003 study found that involvement with the program led to more drawbacks than benefits for the involved families over time, though there was a strong correlation between patterns of intervention implementation and parental perceptions of intervention efficacy.[4] A 2006 study found that the program is not always implemented as it is described in the literature, which means it will be difficult to evaluate its success and failure rate.[5]
In the 1970s, Barry and Samahria Kaufman created the treatment modality for their son, Raun, who had been diagnosed with severe autism. However, it remains unclear if Raun Kaufman had ever been autistic. Of the five clinics who evaluated the boy in New York State—each describing him as "socially withdrawn and uncommunicative," it was only the sixth clinic that felt he was autistic.[6]
In 1976, Barry Neil Kaufman published Son-Rise, a book recounting his son's claimed recovery, which he self published in 1995 with the title Son-Rise: The Miracle Continues.[1] The book was adapted into a televised docudrama film, called Son-Rise: A Miracle of Love and aired on NBC in 1979.
Today, Raun Kaufman is the Director of Global Education for the Autism Treatment Center of America.[7] A 1997 BBC documentary followed the family of a five-year-old autistic boy treated by the program.[8]
Effectivenessedit
There are no documented normalizations with older children, and it may be that success "depends on a certain level of intellectual potential".[9] Some professionals have questioned the emphasis placed on eye contact and its potential problems for some children.[10] The consensus within the medical community is that there is no cure for autism and only a very few treatments have empirical evidence for improvements in symptoms.[11] A 2003 study found that involvement with the Son-Rise Program led to more drawbacks than benefits for the involved families over time, although family stress levels did not rise in all cases.[4] A 2006 study found that the Son-Rise Program is not always implemented as it is typically described in the literature, which suggests it will be difficult to evaluate its efficacy.[5]
In 2009, United Kingdom’s Advertising Standards Authority sanctioned the Option Institute for a misleading ad claiming Son-Rise as an autism cure. As of 2017, there was little evidence supporting the program.[12]
^ ab. Archived from the original on 2010-08-09. Retrieved 2010-08-09.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
^Houghton, Kat; Schuchard, Julia; Lewis, Charlie; Thompson, Cynthia K. (September 2013). "Promoting child-initiated social-communication in children with autism: Son-Rise Program intervention effects". Journal of Communication Disorders. 46 (5–6): 495–506. doi:10.1016/j.jcomdis.2013.09.004. PMID 24209427.[non-primary source needed]
^ abWilliams KR, Wishart JG (2003). "The Son-Rise Program intervention for autism: an investigation into family experiences". J Intellect Disabil Res. 47 (4–5): 291–9. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2788.2003.00491.x. PMID 12787161.
^ abWilliams KR (2006). "The Son-Rise Program intervention for autism: prerequisites for evaluation". Autism. 10 (1): 86–102. doi:10.1177/1362361306062012. PMID 16522712. S2CID 22206988.
^Herbert JD, Sharp IR, Gaudiano BA (2002). "Separating fact from fiction in the etiology and treatment of autism: a scientific review of the evidence". Sci Rev Ment Health Pract. 1 (1): 23–43.
^"Raun R Kaufman". Autism Treatment Center of America. Retrieved 2014-06-18.
^. 1997. Archived from the original on 2015-04-02. Retrieved 2014-06-18.
^Jordan R, Powell S (1993). "Reflections of the Option method as a treatment for autism". J Autism Dev Disord. 23 (4): 682–5. doi:10.1007/BF01046111. PMID 8106309. S2CID 13631429.
^Hauser C (2005). "The Son-Rise Program". National Autistic Society. Retrieved 2008-06-04.[dead link]
Aman, MG (2005). "Treatment planning for patients with autism spectrum disorders". The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry. 66 (Suppl 10): 38–45. PMID 16401149.
Francis, K (16 June 2005). "Autism interventions: a critical update". Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology. 47 (7): 493–499. doi:10.1017/s0012162205000952. PMID 15991872.
Howlin, P. (2005). "The effectiveness of interventions for children with autism". Neurodevelopmental Disorders. pp. 101–119. doi:10.1007/3-211-31222-6_6. ISBN3-211-26291-1. PMID 16355605. S2CID 21986640. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help)
Rao PA, Beidel DC, Murray MJ (2008). "Social skills interventions for children with Asperger's syndrome or high-functioning autism: a review and recommendations". J Autism Dev Disord. 38 (2): 353–61. doi:10.1007/s10803-007-0402-4. PMID 17641962. S2CID 2507088.
^ Borrell, Brendan (September 22, 2017). "Can You Cure Autism?". Slate. Retrieved February 23, 2023.
External linksedit
Autism Treatment Center of America
April 12, 2024
rise, confused, with, rise, home, based, program, children, adults, with, autism, spectrum, disorders, other, developmental, disabilities, which, developed, barry, neil, kaufman, samahria, lyte, kaufman, their, raun, diagnosed, with, autism, claimed, have, ful. Not to be confused with Son Rise Son Rise is a home based program for children and adults with autism spectrum disorders and other developmental disabilities which was developed by Barry Neil Kaufman and Samahria Lyte Kaufman for their son Raun who was diagnosed with autism and is claimed to have fully recovered from his condition 1 The program is described by Autism Speaks as a child centered program that places parents as the key therapists and directors of their program 2 medical citation needed Parents are trained at the Kaufman s Autism Treatment Center of America ATCA the division of The Option Institute in Sheffield Massachusetts that teaches The Son Rise Program There the Kaufman family and their fellow staff members teach families and professionals how to be aware of their attitudes a core principle of the therapy for bonding and relationship building as well as creating a low stimulus distraction free playroom or a room of attention environment so the autistic person child or adult can feel secure and in control of the over stimulation Parents and facilitators join in an autistic person s exclusive and restricted stimming behavior until the autistic person shows social cues for willing engagement Then encouragement for more complex social activities is done in a non coercive way If the autistic person moves away from social interaction the facilitator gives the autistic person their space by using parallel play in order to gain the child s or the adult s trust To encourage skill acquisition the program uses the autistic person s particular motivation for learning 2 The program s developers claim if the parents learn to accept their loved one without judgement that they will teach themselves to interact with others and that this will allow them to engage in social interaction because they chose to learn the skills 1 3 A 2003 study found that involvement with the program led to more drawbacks than benefits for the involved families over time though there was a strong correlation between patterns of intervention implementation and parental perceptions of intervention efficacy 4 A 2006 study found that the program is not always implemented as it is described in the literature which means it will be difficult to evaluate its success and failure rate 5 Contents 1 History 2 Effectiveness 3 References 4 External linksHistory edit nbsp Raun KaufmanIn the 1970s Barry and Samahria Kaufman created the treatment modality for their son Raun who had been diagnosed with severe autism However it remains unclear if Raun Kaufman had ever been autistic Of the five clinics who evaluated the boy in New York State each describing him as socially withdrawn and uncommunicative it was only the sixth clinic that felt he was autistic 6 In 1976 Barry Neil Kaufman published Son Rise a book recounting his son s claimed recovery which he self published in 1995 with the title Son Rise The Miracle Continues 1 The book was adapted into a televised docudrama film called Son Rise A Miracle of Love and aired on NBC in 1979 Today Raun Kaufman is the Director of Global Education for the Autism Treatment Center of America 7 A 1997 BBC documentary followed the family of a five year old autistic boy treated by the program 8 Effectiveness editThere are no documented normalizations with older children and it may be that success depends on a certain level of intellectual potential 9 Some professionals have questioned the emphasis placed on eye contact and its potential problems for some children 10 The consensus within the medical community is that there is no cure for autism and only a very few treatments have empirical evidence for improvements in symptoms 11 A 2003 study found that involvement with the Son Rise Program led to more drawbacks than benefits for the involved families over time although family stress levels did not rise in all cases 4 A 2006 study found that the Son Rise Program is not always implemented as it is typically described in the literature which suggests it will be difficult to evaluate its efficacy 5 In 2009 United Kingdom s Advertising Standards Authority sanctioned the Option Institute for a misleading ad claiming Son Rise as an autism cure As of 2017 there was little evidence supporting the program 12 References edit a b c Kaufman BN 1995 Son Rise The Miracle Continues HJ Kramer ISBN 0 915811 61 8 self published source a b Autism Speaks The Son Rise Program Archived from the original on 2010 08 09 Retrieved 2010 08 09 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint bot original URL status unknown link Houghton Kat Schuchard Julia Lewis Charlie Thompson Cynthia K September 2013 Promoting child initiated social communication in children with autism Son Rise Program intervention effects Journal of Communication Disorders 46 5 6 495 506 doi 10 1016 j jcomdis 2013 09 004 PMID 24209427 non primary source needed a b Williams KR Wishart JG 2003 The Son Rise Program intervention for autism an investigation into family experiences J Intellect Disabil Res 47 4 5 291 9 doi 10 1046 j 1365 2788 2003 00491 x PMID 12787161 a b Williams KR 2006 The Son Rise Program intervention for autism prerequisites for evaluation Autism 10 1 86 102 doi 10 1177 1362361306062012 PMID 16522712 S2CID 22206988 Herbert JD Sharp IR Gaudiano BA 2002 Separating fact from fiction in the etiology and treatment of autism a scientific review of the evidence Sci Rev Ment Health Pract 1 1 23 43 Raun R Kaufman Autism Treatment Center of America Retrieved 2014 06 18 I Want My Little Boy Back 1997 Archived from the original on 2015 04 02 Retrieved 2014 06 18 Jordan R Powell S 1993 Reflections of the Option method as a treatment for autism J Autism Dev Disord 23 4 682 5 doi 10 1007 BF01046111 PMID 8106309 S2CID 13631429 Hauser C 2005 The Son Rise Program National Autistic Society Retrieved 2008 06 04 dead link Lack of support for interventions Aman MG 2005 Treatment planning for patients with autism spectrum disorders The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry 66 Suppl 10 38 45 PMID 16401149 Francis K 16 June 2005 Autism interventions a critical update Developmental Medicine amp Child Neurology 47 7 493 499 doi 10 1017 s0012162205000952 PMID 15991872 Howlin P 2005 The effectiveness of interventions for children with autism Neurodevelopmental Disorders pp 101 119 doi 10 1007 3 211 31222 6 6 ISBN 3 211 26291 1 PMID 16355605 S2CID 21986640 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a journal ignored help Rao PA Beidel DC Murray MJ 2008 Social skills interventions for children with Asperger s syndrome or high functioning autism a review and recommendations J Autism Dev Disord 38 2 353 61 doi 10 1007 s10803 007 0402 4 PMID 17641962 S2CID 2507088 Borrell Brendan September 22 2017 Can You Cure Autism Slate Retrieved February 23 2023 External links editAutism Treatment Center of America Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Son Rise amp oldid 1193998556, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
