Somerford Keynes

Somerford Keynes (/sʌmərfʊd kaɪnz/, grid reference SU019952) is a village and civil parish in Gloucestershire, England, close to the River Thames and about 5 miles (8 km) from its source. It lies on the boundary with Wiltshire, midway between Cirencester, Swindon and Malmesbury. The parish population at the 2011 census was 479.^[1] A 2019 estimate put it at 558.^[2]

Somerford Keynes
All Saints parish church
Somerford Keynes Location within Gloucestershire
OS grid reference	SU019952
Civil parish	Somerford Keynes
Shire county	Gloucestershire
Region	South West
Country	England
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Post town	CIRENCESTER
Postcode district	GL7
Dialling code	01285
Police	Gloucestershire
Fire	Gloucestershire
Ambulance	South Western
UK Parliament	The Cotswolds
Website	somerfordkeynes.org.uk/parishcouncil.htm
List of places UK England Gloucestershire Coordinates: 51°39′22″N 1°58′26″W / 51.656°N 1.974°W / 51.656; -1.974

Early history

A series of salvage excavations at Spratsgate Lane in 1986–1988 revealed part of an Iron Age and Roman settlement. The earliest finds were a series of curvilinear enclosures from the early 1st to the early 2nd century CE, which may have formed part of a farmstead. A religious focus is also suggested by an unusually large number of coins and brooches, which may have been votive offerings. Stone sculptural fragments were found of an eagle and a shield. These could belong to a representation of the Roman Capitoline triad of the gods Jupiter, Juno and Minerva), which again points to a formal religious presence.^[1][2]

The village first appears in writing in AD 685, in a charter confirming a gift of 40 hides of land by King Ethelred's nephew Bertwald to St Aldhelm, first abbot of Malmesbury.^[3] The manor was held in 1211 by William de Cahaignes, an ancestor of the Keynes family.

Governance

Somerford Keynes has a parish council.^[3] It is represented by a county councillor for South Cerney Division and by a district councillor for Kemble ward of Cotswold District Council.

Manor house

The 15th-century Manor House is a Grade II listed building.^[4]

SOMERFORD KEYNES SOMERFORD KEYNES VILLAGE SU 09 NW 8/207 Manor House 4.6.52 GV II Large detached manor house. Core probably of late C15 or early C16, enlarged to east c1630s, with wing to north-west added in 1924. Random coursed rubble stone with flush quoins, stone slate roof, renewed stone stacks including flue to large partially external stack to main fireplace on north side. Originally a single range with through passage, gabled cross wing added to east and projecting wing to north-west forming 'L'-shape. Mostly 2 storeys and attic. Probably originally a hall with solar to east of screens passage, with 2-storey service wing to west. Roof raised at some stage, probably in early C17, requiring raking buttresses to be built against south wall to take extra weight, and some of the original smoke-blackened timbers may have been reused to form new roof structure. On north side, original external entrance with chamfered and stopped Tudor stone archway with initials "M" and "S" in spandrels (Strange family), covered over with long lean-to and original vertical battened plank door moved to outer entrance, recessed under cambered beam with carved stone heads to each side. External stack rises through this lean-to, which has mostly small leaded casements to left and C20 raised window to right. Cross wing of C17 has coped gables to both ends, with 3-light hollow-moulded leaded stone mullion and transoms with square hoodmould to ground and first floor, and 2-light stone mullion with square hoodmould to attic on north side and to angle wing linking it with main range to right. North-west wing of 1924 built in sympathetic style with leaded stone windows. South front has original service wing to west with 3 and 2-light stone mullion and transom with square hoodmould and relieving arch to first and ground floors. Original hall steps slightly forward with wide hipped porch with depressed Tudor arch with chamfered jambs and lintel whose original inner vertical battened plank door has been moved to original external north entrance. Three-light stone mullion and transom above and 2 similar to ground and first floors to right, raised to far right on ground floor for original dais. All fenestration leaded iron casements, including 2 small hipped dormers. Early C17 wing has large squared masonry on south gable end. Interior substantially altered in 1967 and in 1970s. Partitions in main hall have been moved, including removal of screens partition. Large C16 strapwork stone fireplace below external stack on original north wall; behind plaster on east wall is former fireplace for solar, also large stone fireplace carved with terms and Hungerford arms. C17 panelling survives in additional north entrance hall. There is reputed to have been a manor house on this site since the C14.

— (David Verey, Buildings of England – Gloucestershire: The Cotswolds, 1979; Geoffrey Gibbon, Through the Saxon Door – The Story of Somerford Keynes, 1969)

Parish church

The Church of England parish church of All Saints is a Grade II* listed building, built on Saxon foundations from about 685. It was largely rebuilt in the early 13th century. The tower was added in 1710–1713 and restored in 1875. The north aisle contains a large black-and-white marble monument with a reclining effigy of Robert Straung (Strange), who died in 1654.^[5] Several monuments in the churchyard listed by Historic England commemorate the Ferrebec family,^[6] William Hales (died 1806),^[7] a member of the Harrison family, two members of the Davis family,^[8] and others.^[9]

Amenities

The nearest railway station is at Kemble, 2+1⁄2 miles (4 km) away. It has trains about once an hour to Gloucester, Cheltenham and Swindon. There are three or four daytime, weekday buses to Malmesbury and Cirencester.

The Thames Path, a long-distance footpath, passes through the parish, which lies in the western section of the Cotswold Water Park.

Elemental Sculpture Park is an annual seasonal art exhibition in Somerford Keynes, which in 2016 featured about 140 works by 50 sculptors.^[4]

Wildlife

The first beavers to be born in Britain for 400 years appeared at Lower Mill Estate in 2008.^[5]

Literary allusion

Somerford Keynes is the name of a character in the series of Rutshire Chronicles books by Jilly Cooper.^[6]

References

1. "Parish population 2011". Retrieved 26 March 2015.
2. City Population site. Retrieved 24 November 2020.
3. "Parish Council". Somerford Keynes. Retrieved 3 May 2019.
4. yip, Ann (5 August 2016). "Elemental Sculpture Park in Somerford Keynes features 140 works of art by 50 sculptors". Wilts and Gloucestershire Standard. Retrieved 29 September 2019.
5. Christopher Winn: I Never Knew That about the River Thames (London: Ebury Press, 2010), p. 5.
6. Bertodano, Helena (30 April 2002). "How Jilly stays on top". Telegraph. Retrieved 3 July 2020.

Notes

1. ^ . Eagle in the Landscape: The archeology of the Cotswold Water Park. Archived from the original on 7 October 2007. Retrieved 29 May 2006.
2. ^ "Spratsgate Lane, Somerford Keynes, Gloucestershire". English Heritage. Retrieved 29 May 2006.
3. ^ "Somerford Keynes". Retrieved 29 May 2006.
4. ^ Historic England. "Manor House (1090085)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
5. ^ Historic England. "All Saints Church (1153987)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
6. ^ Historic England. "Ferrebec family monument (1090084)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
7. ^ Historic England. "William Hales monument (1090081)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
8. ^ Historic England. "Harrison and two Davis monuments (1090082)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 12 October 2021.
9. ^ Historic England. "Group of three monuments (1340955)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 12 October 2021.

External links

• Parish website
• Elemental Sculpture Park
•   Media related to Somerford Keynes at Wikimedia Commons