Somatotopy is the point-for-point correspondence of an area of the body to a specific point on the central nervous system.[1] Typically, the area of the body corresponds to a point on the primary somatosensory cortex (postcentral gyrus). This cortex is typically represented as a sensory homunculus which orients the specific body parts and their respective locations upon the homunculus. Areas such as the appendages, digits, penis,[2] and face can draw their sensory locations upon the somatosensory cortex. The areas which are finely controlled (e.g., the digits) have larger portions of the somatosensory cortex whereas areas which are coarsely controlled (e.g., the trunk) have smaller portions. Areas such as the viscera do not have sensory locations on the post central gyrus.[citation needed]
Precentral gyrus sensory homunculus
Macaques, a kind of monkey, already exhibit somatotopy in their somatosensory and motor systems at birth.[3]
Sensorimotor mapping of the human cerebellumedit
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was employed to determine areas of activation in the cerebellar cortex in humans during a series of motor tasks. The activation areas for movements of lips, tongue, hands, and feet were determined and found to be sharply confined to lobules and sublobules and their sagittal zones in the rostral and caudal spinocerebellar cortex. The activation mapped as two distinct homunculoid representations. One, a more extended representation, was located upside down in the superior cerebellum, and a second one, doubled and smaller, in the inferior cerebellum.[4]
See alsoedit
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^Saladin, Kenneth (2012). Anatomy and Physiology. New York: McGraw Hill. pp. 541, 542.
^Kell CA, von Kriegstein K, Rösler A, Kleinschmidt A, Laufs H (June 2005). "The sensory cortical representation of the human penis: revisiting somatotopy in the male homunculus". The Journal of Neuroscience. 25 (25): 5984–7. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0712-05.2005. PMC6724806. PMID 15976087.
^Arcaro, Michael J.; Schade, Peter F.; Livingstone, Margaret S. (15 November 2019). "Body map proto-organization in newborn macaques". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 116 (49): 24861–24871. doi:10.1073/pnas.1912636116. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC6900594. PMID 31732670.
^Grodd W, Hülsmann E, Lotze M, Wildgruber D, Erb M. Sensorimotor mapping of the human cerebellum: fMRI evidence of somatotopic organization. Hum Brain Mapp. 2001 Jun;13(2):55-73.
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somatotopic, arrangement, somatotopy, point, point, correspondence, area, body, specific, point, central, nervous, system, typically, area, body, corresponds, point, primary, somatosensory, cortex, postcentral, gyrus, this, cortex, typically, represented, sens. Somatotopy is the point for point correspondence of an area of the body to a specific point on the central nervous system 1 Typically the area of the body corresponds to a point on the primary somatosensory cortex postcentral gyrus This cortex is typically represented as a sensory homunculus which orients the specific body parts and their respective locations upon the homunculus Areas such as the appendages digits penis 2 and face can draw their sensory locations upon the somatosensory cortex The areas which are finely controlled e g the digits have larger portions of the somatosensory cortex whereas areas which are coarsely controlled e g the trunk have smaller portions Areas such as the viscera do not have sensory locations on the post central gyrus citation needed Precentral gyrus sensory homunculusMacaques a kind of monkey already exhibit somatotopy in their somatosensory and motor systems at birth 3 Sensorimotor mapping of the human cerebellum editFunctional magnetic resonance imaging fMRI was employed to determine areas of activation in the cerebellar cortex in humans during a series of motor tasks The activation areas for movements of lips tongue hands and feet were determined and found to be sharply confined to lobules and sublobules and their sagittal zones in the rostral and caudal spinocerebellar cortex The activation mapped as two distinct homunculoid representations One a more extended representation was located upside down in the superior cerebellum and a second one doubled and smaller in the inferior cerebellum 4 See also edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Somatotopy Retinotopy Topographic map neuroanatomy Cortical homunculusReferences edit Saladin Kenneth 2012 Anatomy and Physiology New York McGraw Hill pp 541 542 Kell CA von Kriegstein K Rosler A Kleinschmidt A Laufs H June 2005 The sensory cortical representation of the human penis revisiting somatotopy in the male homunculus The Journal of Neuroscience 25 25 5984 7 doi 10 1523 JNEUROSCI 0712 05 2005 PMC 6724806 PMID 15976087 Arcaro Michael J Schade Peter F Livingstone Margaret S 15 November 2019 Body map proto organization in newborn macaques Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116 49 24861 24871 doi 10 1073 pnas 1912636116 ISSN 0027 8424 PMC 6900594 PMID 31732670 Grodd W Hulsmann E Lotze M Wildgruber D Erb M Sensorimotor mapping of the human cerebellum fMRI evidence of somatotopic organization Hum Brain Mapp 2001 Jun 13 2 55 73 nbsp This neuroscience article is a stub You can help Wikipedia by expanding it vte Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Somatotopic arrangement amp oldid 1045381365, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
