Soil quality refers to the condition of soil based on its capacity to perform ecosystem services that meet the needs of human and non-human life.[1][2][3][4]
Testing soil fertility
Soil quality reflects how well a soil performs the functions of maintaining biodiversity and productivity, partitioning water and solute flow, filtering and buffering, nutrient cycling, and providing support for plants and other structures. Soil management has a major impact on soil quality.
Soil quality relates to soil functions. Unlike water or air, for which established standards have been set, soil quality is difficult to define or quantify.
Soil quality can be evaluated using the Soil Management Assessment Framework.[5] Soil quality in agricultural terms is measured on a scale of soil value (Bodenwertzahl) in Germany.[6]
Soil quality is primarily measured by chemical, physical, and biological indicators because soil function cannot easily be measured directly.[7] Each of these categories comprises several indicators that provide insight into overall soil quality.
Physicaledit
The physical category of soil quality indicators consists of tests that measure soil texture, bulk density, porosity, water content at saturation, aggregate stability, penetration resistance, and more.[8] These measures provide hydrological information, such the level of water infiltration and water availability to plants.
Chemicaledit
Chemical indicators include pH and nutrient levels.[9] A typical soil test only evaluates chemical soil properties.[7]
Biologicaledit
Biological measures include diversity of soil organisms and fungi.
The movement and biological functions of soil organisms (including earthworms, millipedes, centipedes, ants, and spiders) impact soil processes such as the regulation of soil structure, degradation of contaminants, and nutrient cycling.[10]
Referencesedit
^Johnson, D. L.; Ambrose, S. H.; Bassett, T. J.; Bowen, M. L.; Crummey, D. E.; Isaacson, J. S.; Johnson, D. N.; Lamb, P.; Saul, M.; Winter-Nelson, A. E. (1997). "Meanings of Environmental Terms". Journal of Environmental Quality. 26 (3): 581. doi:10.2134/jeq1997.00472425002600030002x.
^Karlen, D. L.; Mausbach, M. J.; Doran, J. W.; Cline, R. G.; Harris, R. F.; Schuman, G. E. (1997). "Soil Quality: A Concept, Definition, and Framework for Evaluation (A Guest Editorial)". Soil Science Society of America Journal. 61 (1): 4–10. Bibcode:1997SSASJ..61....4K. doi:10.2136/sssaj1997.03615995006100010001x. Retrieved 21 June 2017.
^Tóth, G., Stolbovoy, V. and Montanarella, 2007. "Soil Quality and Sustainability Evaluation - An integrated approach to support soil-related policies of the European Union 2013-10-29 at the Wayback Machine", EUR 22721 EN. 40 pp. Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, Luxembourg. ISBN978-92-79-05250-7.
^Cherubin, Maurício Roberto; Tormena, Cássio Antônio; Karlen, Douglas L.; Cherubin, Maurício Roberto; Tormena, Cássio Antônio; Karlen, Douglas L. (2017). "Soil Quality Evaluation Using the Soil Management Assessment Framework (SMAF) in Brazilian Oxisols with Contrasting Texture". Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo. 41. doi:10.1590/18069657rbcs20160148. ISSN 0100-0683.
^ abDoran, John W. (1997). Methods for Assessing Soil Quality (49 ed.). Soil Science Society of America. ISBN9780891188261.
^Rodriguez, Leonardo; Suárez, Juan Carlos; Pulleman, Mirjam; Guaca, Lised; Rico, Adrian; Romero, Miguel; Quintero, Marcela; Lavelle, Patrick (2021). "Agroforestry systems in the Colombian Amazon improve the provision of soil ecosystem services". Applied Soil Ecology. 164: 103933. doi:10.1016/j.apsoil.2021.103933. S2CID 233583678.
^Bravo‐Medina, C.; Goyes‐Vera, F.; Arteaga‐Crespo, Y.; García‐Quintana, Y.; Changoluisa, D. (2021-04-15). "A soil quality index for seven productive landscapes in the Andean‐Amazonian foothills of Ecuador". Land Degradation & Development. 32 (6): 2226–2241. doi:10.1002/ldr.3897. ISSN 1085-3278. S2CID 233974087.
soil, quality, refers, condition, soil, based, capacity, perform, ecosystem, services, that, meet, needs, human, human, life, testing, soil, fertility, reflects, well, soil, performs, functions, maintaining, biodiversity, productivity, partitioning, water, sol. Soil quality refers to the condition of soil based on its capacity to perform ecosystem services that meet the needs of human and non human life 1 2 3 4 Testing soil fertilitySoil quality reflects how well a soil performs the functions of maintaining biodiversity and productivity partitioning water and solute flow filtering and buffering nutrient cycling and providing support for plants and other structures Soil management has a major impact on soil quality Soil quality relates to soil functions Unlike water or air for which established standards have been set soil quality is difficult to define or quantify Contents 1 Indicators of soil quality 1 1 Physical 1 2 Chemical 1 3 Biological 2 ReferencesIndicators of soil quality editSoil quality can be evaluated using the Soil Management Assessment Framework 5 Soil quality in agricultural terms is measured on a scale of soil value Bodenwertzahl in Germany 6 Soil quality is primarily measured by chemical physical and biological indicators because soil function cannot easily be measured directly 7 Each of these categories comprises several indicators that provide insight into overall soil quality Physical edit The physical category of soil quality indicators consists of tests that measure soil texture bulk density porosity water content at saturation aggregate stability penetration resistance and more 8 These measures provide hydrological information such the level of water infiltration and water availability to plants Chemical edit Chemical indicators include pH and nutrient levels 9 A typical soil test only evaluates chemical soil properties 7 Biological edit Biological measures include diversity of soil organisms and fungi The movement and biological functions of soil organisms including earthworms millipedes centipedes ants and spiders impact soil processes such as the regulation of soil structure degradation of contaminants and nutrient cycling 10 References edit Johnson D L Ambrose S H Bassett T J Bowen M L Crummey D E Isaacson J S Johnson D N Lamb P Saul M Winter Nelson A E 1997 Meanings of Environmental Terms Journal of Environmental Quality 26 3 581 doi 10 2134 jeq1997 00472425002600030002x Karlen D L Mausbach M J Doran J W Cline R G Harris R F Schuman G E 1997 Soil Quality A Concept Definition and Framework for Evaluation A Guest Editorial Soil Science Society of America Journal 61 1 4 10 Bibcode 1997SSASJ 61 4K doi 10 2136 sssaj1997 03615995006100010001x Retrieved 21 June 2017 USDA NRCS Soil Quality Basics Definitions soilquality org Retrieved 21 June 2017 Toth G Stolbovoy V and Montanarella 2007 Soil Quality and Sustainability Evaluation An integrated approach to support soil related policies of the European Union Archived 2013 10 29 at the Wayback Machine EUR 22721 EN 40 pp Office for Official Publications of the European Communities Luxembourg ISBN 978 92 79 05250 7 Cherubin Mauricio Roberto Tormena Cassio Antonio Karlen Douglas L Cherubin Mauricio Roberto Tormena Cassio Antonio Karlen Douglas L 2017 Soil Quality Evaluation Using the Soil Management Assessment Framework SMAF in Brazilian Oxisols with Contrasting Texture Revista Brasileira de Ciencia do Solo 41 doi 10 1590 18069657rbcs20160148 ISSN 0100 0683 Hoffmann Carsten Schulz Sina Eberhardt Einar Grosse Meike Stein Susanne Specka Xenia Svoboda Nikolai Heinrich Uwe 2019 Data Standards for Soil and Agricultural Research doi 10 20387 BONARES ARM4 66M2 a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a Cite journal requires journal help a b Doran John W 1997 Methods for Assessing Soil Quality 49 ed Soil Science Society of America ISBN 9780891188261 Rodriguez Leonardo Suarez Juan Carlos Pulleman Mirjam Guaca Lised Rico Adrian Romero Miguel Quintero Marcela Lavelle Patrick 2021 Agroforestry systems in the Colombian Amazon improve the provision of soil ecosystem services Applied Soil Ecology 164 103933 doi 10 1016 j apsoil 2021 103933 S2CID 233583678 Bravo Medina C Goyes Vera F Arteaga Crespo Y Garcia Quintana Y Changoluisa D 2021 04 15 A soil quality index for seven productive landscapes in the Andean Amazonian foothills of Ecuador Land Degradation amp Development 32 6 2226 2241 doi 10 1002 ldr 3897 ISSN 1085 3278 S2CID 233974087 Ruiz N Lavelle P Jimenez J 2008 Soil macrofauna field manual Food and Agriculture Organization https www fao org 3 i0211e i0211e00 htm Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Soil quality amp oldid 1181411587, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
