The name Silkworm is popularly used for the entire SY and HY family. As a NATO reporting name it applies only to the land-based variant of the HY-1.[4]
Chinese preparations were underway before receiving the first P-15s and related technical data from the Soviets in 1959. On 8 October 1956, the Fifth Academy was founded - with Qian Xuesen as director - to pursue missile development, and in March 1958 a cruise missile test site was selected at Liaoxi in Liaoning. The first successful missile test was conducted in November 1960 after the withdrawal of Soviet advisors in September due to the Sino-Soviet split. The P-15 was copied to became the SY-1. Production started at the Nanchang Aircraft Manufacturing Company in October 1963 and the first successful test occurred in 1965; production was approved August 1967 and the SY-1 entered service by the end of the decade.[2]
The SY-1 was developed into the improved HY-1; the HY-1 was successfully tested in December 1968 and entered service in 1974.[5]
Operational history
Iran–Iraq War
The Silkworm gained fame in the 1980s when it was used by both sides in the Iran–Iraq War; both countries were supplied by China. During 1987, Iran launched a number of Silkworm missiles from the Faw Peninsula, striking the American-owned, Liberian-flagged tanker Sungari and U.S.-flagged tanker Sea Isle City in October 1987.[6] Five other missiles struck areas in Kuwait earlier in the year. In October 1987, Kuwait's Sea Island offshore oil terminal was hit by an Iranian Silkworm which was observed to have originated from the Faw peninsula. The attack prompted Kuwait to deploy a Hawk missile battery on Failaka Island to protect the terminal.[7] In December 1987, another Iranian Silkworm was fired at the terminal, but it struck a decoy barge instead.[8] Prior to these attacks the missile's range was thought to be less than 80 kilometres (50 mi), but these attacks proved that the range exceeded 100 kilometres (62 mi) with Kuwaiti military observers seeing that the missiles originated from the area and tracking them on radar along with US satellite imagery of the launch sites.[9]
^"Iranian Silkworm strikes decoy barge"; Daniel J. Silva. St. Petersburg Times. St. Petersburg, Fla.: December 8, 1987. p. 14.A.
^Counter-memorial and Counter-claim submitted by the United States of America 2014-03-31 at the Wayback Machine. June 23, 1997.
^Rostker, Bernard (December 2000). . Depleted Uranium in the Gulf (II). United States Department of Defense. Archived from the original on 2013-06-01. Retrieved 2007-02-25.
^"Hai Ying 2G Seersucker". RAF Museum. Retrieved 17 May 2014.
^. Project On Government Oversight. Archived from the original on December 23, 2003.
^"KN-01 (Silkworm/Styx)". Missile Threat. Center for Strategic and International Studies. 31 July 2021. Retrieved 7 July 2022.
Sources
Gormley, Dennis M.; Erickson, Andrew S.; Yuan, Jingdong (30 September 2014a). "A Potent Vector: Assessing Chinese Cruise Missile Developments". Joint Forces Quarterly. National Defense University (75).
Gormley, Dennis M.; Erickson, Andrew S.; Yuan, Jingdong (2014b). A Low-Visibility Force Multiplier: Assessing China's Cruise Missile Ambitions (PDF) (Report). Washington, D.C.: National Defense University Press.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to SY-1 Shangyou, HY-1 Haiying and HY-2 Haiying.
January 28, 2023
silkworm, missile, chinese, 上游, pinyin, shàngyóu, upstream, chinese, 海鹰, pinyin, hǎiyīng, eagle, series, were, early, anti, ship, cruise, missiles, ascm, developed, people, republic, china, from, soviet, termit, missile, they, entered, service, late, 1960s, re. The SY Chinese 上游 pinyin shangyou lit Upstream and HY Chinese 海鹰 pinyin hǎiying lit Sea Eagle series were early anti ship cruise missiles ASCM developed by the People s Republic of China from the Soviet P 15 Termit missile They entered service in the late 1960s 2 and remained the main ASCMs deployed by the People s Liberation Army Navy through the 1980s The missiles were used by the PRC and export customers to develop land attack missiles 3 SY HY missilesSY 1 missileTypeAnti ship cruise missilePlace of originChinaProduction historyManufacturerNanchang Aircraft Manufacturing Company 1 China Aerospace Science and Industry Corporation Third Academy 1 The name Silkworm is popularly used for the entire SY and HY family As a NATO reporting name it applies only to the land based variant of the HY 1 4 Contents 1 Development 2 Operational history 2 1 Iran Iraq War 2 2 Persian Gulf War 2 3 Iraq War 3 Variants 4 Operators 4 1 Current operators 5 References 5 1 Sources 6 External linksDevelopment Edit HY 2 missile HY 3 missile Chinese preparations were underway before receiving the first P 15s and related technical data from the Soviets in 1959 On 8 October 1956 the Fifth Academy was founded with Qian Xuesen as director to pursue missile development and in March 1958 a cruise missile test site was selected at Liaoxi in Liaoning The first successful missile test was conducted in November 1960 after the withdrawal of Soviet advisors in September due to the Sino Soviet split The P 15 was copied to became the SY 1 Production started at the Nanchang Aircraft Manufacturing Company in October 1963 and the first successful test occurred in 1965 production was approved August 1967 and the SY 1 entered service by the end of the decade 2 The SY 1 was developed into the improved HY 1 the HY 1 was successfully tested in December 1968 and entered service in 1974 5 Operational history EditIran Iraq War Edit The Silkworm gained fame in the 1980s when it was used by both sides in the Iran Iraq War both countries were supplied by China During 1987 Iran launched a number of Silkworm missiles from the Faw Peninsula striking the American owned Liberian flagged tanker Sungari and U S flagged tanker Sea Isle City in October 1987 6 Five other missiles struck areas in Kuwait earlier in the year In October 1987 Kuwait s Sea Island offshore oil terminal was hit by an Iranian Silkworm which was observed to have originated from the Faw peninsula The attack prompted Kuwait to deploy a Hawk missile battery on Failaka Island to protect the terminal 7 In December 1987 another Iranian Silkworm was fired at the terminal but it struck a decoy barge instead 8 Prior to these attacks the missile s range was thought to be less than 80 kilometres 50 mi but these attacks proved that the range exceeded 100 kilometres 62 mi with Kuwaiti military observers seeing that the missiles originated from the area and tracking them on radar along with US satellite imagery of the launch sites 9 Persian Gulf War Edit On February 25 1991 during Operation Desert Storm a shore based Iraqi launcher fired two Silkworm missiles at the USS Missouri which was in company with the USS Jarrett and HMS Gloucester A Sea Dart missile from HMS Gloucester shot down one Silkworm and the other missed crashing into the ocean 10 Royal Air Force officers subsequently recovered an HY 2 missile at Umm Qasr in southern Iraq It is currently displayed at the RAF Museum Cosford 11 Iraq War Edit During the 2003 invasion of Iraq Iraq used the Silkworm HY 2 Seersucker as a surface to surface missile by firing at least two of them at the coalition positions in Kuwait 12 Variants EditSY 1License produced version of the P 15 Termit 2 NATO reporting name CSS N 1 Scrubbrush 1 SY 2 1 HY 1NATO reporting names CSS N 2 Safflower ship based and CSSC 2 Silkworm land based 1 HY 2NATO reporting names CSS N 3 Seersucker ship based and CSSC 3 Seersucker land based 1 HY 3Unsuccessful supersonic variant 13 HY 4Powered by a WP 11 turbojet a reverse engineered Teledyne Ryan J69 T 41A 14 Used for LACM development 15 NATO reporting name Sadsack 16 YJ 63Air launched LACM sharing visual characteristics of the HY 2 HY 4 and YJ 6 200 km range 14 AG 1Longer ranged variant of the HY 2 developed by North Korea 17 Operators Edit Map with Silkworm operators in blue Current operators Edit Cuba made under license Egypt Type 053H People s Republic of China Iran Iraq as of Saddam s Era Myanmar North Korea Sudan United Arab EmiratesReferences Edit a b c d e f Gormley Erickson amp Yuan 2014b p 113 sfn error no target CITEREFGormleyEricksonYuan2014b help a b c Gormley Erickson amp Yuan 2014b p 9 sfn error no target CITEREFGormleyEricksonYuan2014b help Gormley Erickson amp Yuan 2014b p 28 sfn error no target CITEREFGormleyEricksonYuan2014b help Gormley Erickson amp Yuan 2014b p 135 sfn error no target CITEREFGormleyEricksonYuan2014b help Gormley Erickson amp Yuan 2014b pp 9 10 sfn error no target CITEREFGormleyEricksonYuan2014b help U S Flag Tanker Struck by Missile in Kuwaiti Waters First Direct Raid The New York Times October 17 1987 The Gulf Punch Counterpunch Time Iranian Silkworm strikes decoy barge Daniel J Silva St Petersburg Times St Petersburg Fla December 8 1987 p 14 A Counter memorial and Counter claim submitted by the United States of America Archived 2014 03 31 at the Wayback Machine June 23 1997 Rostker Bernard December 2000 TAB H Friendly fire Incidents Depleted Uranium in the Gulf II United States Department of Defense Archived from the original on 2013 06 01 Retrieved 2007 02 25 Hai Ying 2G Seersucker RAF Museum Retrieved 17 May 2014 Center for Defense Information Project On Government Oversight Archived from the original on December 23 2003 Gormley Erickson amp Yuan 2014a p 102 sfn error no target CITEREFGormleyEricksonYuan2014a help a b Gormley Erickson amp Yuan 2014b p 29 sfn error no target CITEREFGormleyEricksonYuan2014b help Gormley Erickson amp Yuan 2014b p 27 sfn error no target CITEREFGormleyEricksonYuan2014b help Gormley Erickson amp Yuan 2014b p 84 sfn error no target CITEREFGormleyEricksonYuan2014b help KN 01 Silkworm Styx Missile Threat Center for Strategic and International Studies 31 July 2021 Retrieved 7 July 2022 Sources Edit Gormley Dennis M Erickson Andrew S Yuan Jingdong 30 September 2014a A Potent Vector Assessing Chinese Cruise Missile Developments Joint Forces Quarterly National Defense University 75 Gormley Dennis M Erickson Andrew S Yuan Jingdong 2014b A Low Visibility Force Multiplier Assessing China s Cruise Missile Ambitions PDF Report Washington D C National Defense University Press External links Edit Wikimedia Commons has media related to wbr SY 1 Shangyou wbr HY 1 Haiying and wbr HY 2 Haiying Federation of American Scientists page on HY 1 Federation of American Scientists page on HY 2 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Silkworm missile amp oldid 1096958290, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
