Short Brothers Limited was a British shipbuilding company formed in 1850 and based at Pallion, Sunderland since 1869. The company closed in 1964 when it failed to invest to build bigger ships.[1]
Ritratto della steam ship Magnus Mail in navigazione, painted in 1895 by Antonio Luzzo. Short Brothers built SS Magnus Mail in 1889.
In 1850 George Short founded a shipyard at Hylton[1] to build small wooden ships for local users. In 1860 Short moved the yard downriver to Pallion and his four sons became partners in the business.[1] In 1871 the yard built its first iron-hulled ship the High Stretfield and the company started using the name Short Brothers.[1] John Y Short became a distinguished naval architect and at the 1878 Paris Exhibition he was awarded a gold medal.[1]
In 1883 Short's built a cargo liner for James Knott's Prince Line of Newcastle upon Tyne.[1] This was the beginning of a 35-year relationship in which Short's supplied Prince Line with a total of 37 ships.[1] They included the passenger liner SS Spartan Prince, built in 1897, which spent its early years of service carrying thousands of Italian migrants to the USA.[2]
In 1895 John Y Short made a substantial investment in John Thomas North's Nitrate Producers' Steamship Company Ltd ("Anglo Line").[1] Short's went on to supply the line with 30 ships, starting with SS Colonel J.T. North[1] and continuing until at least 1929.[2]
From 1897 Short's undertook contract work for several Tyneside shipyards.[1] In 1900 John Y Short died, his brother Joseph took over and the business was converted from a partnership into a limited company, Short Brothers Limited.[1] The yard now employed 1,500 people.[1]
20th centuryedit
In the First World War the yard built 14 barges for the Admiralty, plus merchant ships including four cargo ships to the War Shipping Controller's standard B type design.[1] After the war Short's built its first two turbine steamers;[1] the 7,607 GRTsister ships TS Sandown Castle (1921) and TS Sandgate Castle (1922) for Union-Castle Line.
During the 1920s shipbuilding declined.[1] Short's workforce struck in 1923 and 1926 and the yard closed in June 1930.[1]
In 1933 Short's reopened to build SS Arcwear, a tramp steamer designed by Joseph Isherwood.[1] She was the first of Isherwood's new "arcform" design, which increased cargo capacity by 10% and increased speed, but also reduced fuel consumption.[1]Arcwear was launched in November 1933 and made her maiden voyage in 1934.[1] Her fuel economy and speed exceeded expectations but she rolled badly in heavy weather and did not even move smoothly in calm weather.[1] Only a few further arcform cargo ships and tankers were built.[1] In 1938 Short's closed again, despite having a tramp ship still under construction.[1]
In the summer of 1939 Short's reopened again.[1] During the Second World War it built mostly tramp steamers, plus two tankers and one LCT.[1] Under the direction of the Ministry of War Transport by the end of 1944 Short's switched from building ships to its own design to assembling partly prefabricated government standard C-type cargo ships.[1] By the end of the war Short's was employing about 900 people.[1]
In 1946 John H Short was company chairman and H.S. Short, great-grandson of the founder, joined the board of directors.[1]
In the early 1960s the Short family did not want to invest in lengthening the yard's berths to build bigger ships.[1] Therefore, after Short's launched the universal bulk carrier MV Carlton on 17 October 1963 and completed her in January 1964, they closed the business with the loss of 300 jobs.[1]
^ abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzaaabac"Short Brothers of Sunderland". The Best of British Engineering 1750s – 1960s. Grace's Guide. 29 January 2009. Retrieved 29 June 2011.
^ abSearle, Peter. "Page 055 The Shipbuilders – page 021". The Sunderland Site. Peter Searle. Retrieved 29 June 2011.
External linksedit
Media related to Short Brothers, Sunderland at Wikimedia Commons
January 01, 1970
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For the aircraft builders see Short Brothers Short Brothers Limited was a British shipbuilding company formed in 1850 and based at Pallion Sunderland since 1869 The company closed in 1964 when it failed to invest to build bigger ships 1 Ritratto della steam ship Magnus Mail in navigazione painted in 1895 by Antonio Luzzo Short Brothers built SS Magnus Mail in 1889 Contents 1 19th century 2 20th century 3 References 4 External links19th century editIn 1850 George Short founded a shipyard at Hylton 1 to build small wooden ships for local users In 1860 Short moved the yard downriver to Pallion and his four sons became partners in the business 1 In 1871 the yard built its first iron hulled ship the High Stretfield and the company started using the name Short Brothers 1 John Y Short became a distinguished naval architect and at the 1878 Paris Exhibition he was awarded a gold medal 1 In 1883 Short s built a cargo liner for James Knott s Prince Line of Newcastle upon Tyne 1 This was the beginning of a 35 year relationship in which Short s supplied Prince Line with a total of 37 ships 1 They included the passenger liner SS Spartan Prince built in 1897 which spent its early years of service carrying thousands of Italian migrants to the USA 2 In 1895 John Y Short made a substantial investment in John Thomas North s Nitrate Producers Steamship Company Ltd Anglo Line 1 Short s went on to supply the line with 30 ships starting with SS Colonel J T North 1 and continuing until at least 1929 2 From 1897 Short s undertook contract work for several Tyneside shipyards 1 In 1900 John Y Short died his brother Joseph took over and the business was converted from a partnership into a limited company Short Brothers Limited 1 The yard now employed 1 500 people 1 20th century editIn the First World War the yard built 14 barges for the Admiralty plus merchant ships including four cargo ships to the War Shipping Controller s standard B type design 1 After the war Short s built its first two turbine steamers 1 the 7 607 GRT sister ships TS Sandown Castle 1921 and TS Sandgate Castle 1922 for Union Castle Line During the 1920s shipbuilding declined 1 Short s workforce struck in 1923 and 1926 and the yard closed in June 1930 1 nbsp SS Arcwear on sea trial in 1934 In 1933 Short s reopened to build SS Arcwear a tramp steamer designed by Joseph Isherwood 1 She was the first of Isherwood s new arcform design which increased cargo capacity by 10 and increased speed but also reduced fuel consumption 1 Arcwear was launched in November 1933 and made her maiden voyage in 1934 1 Her fuel economy and speed exceeded expectations but she rolled badly in heavy weather and did not even move smoothly in calm weather 1 Only a few further arcform cargo ships and tankers were built 1 In 1938 Short s closed again despite having a tramp ship still under construction 1 In the summer of 1939 Short s reopened again 1 During the Second World War it built mostly tramp steamers plus two tankers and one LCT 1 Under the direction of the Ministry of War Transport by the end of 1944 Short s switched from building ships to its own design to assembling partly prefabricated government standard C type cargo ships 1 By the end of the war Short s was employing about 900 people 1 In 1946 John H Short was company chairman and H S Short great grandson of the founder joined the board of directors 1 In the early 1960s the Short family did not want to invest in lengthening the yard s berths to build bigger ships 1 Therefore after Short s launched the universal bulk carrier MV Carlton on 17 October 1963 and completed her in January 1964 they closed the business with the loss of 300 jobs 1 nbsp SS Cacique built by Short Brothers in 1910 1889 SS Magnus Mail hull 184 1892 SS Hindustan 1910 SS Cacique 1918 SS Clan Macvicar 1927 SS Laristan hull 425 1940 SS Empire Summer 1941 SS Empire Sun 1941 SS Empire Burton hull 466 1941 SS Empire Lightning 1941 SS Empire Wycliff 1941 SS Empire Story 1942 SS Empire Bardolph hull 474 1942 SS Empire Southey 1942 SS Empire Keats 1942 SS Empire Webster 1942 SS Empire Envoy 1943 SS Empire Friendship 1943 SS Empire Camp 1943 SS Empire Stuart 1943 SS Empire Duchess 1943 SS Empire Cromer hull 480 1944 SS Empire Lagos 1945 SS Empire Nairobi 1945 SS Empire Honduras 1945 SS Empire Dominica 1946 MV Empire Tedburgh 1952 MV Burutu PalmReferences edit a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac Short Brothers of Sunderland The Best of British Engineering 1750s 1960s Grace s Guide 29 January 2009 Retrieved 29 June 2011 a b Searle Peter Page 055 The Shipbuilders page 021 The Sunderland Site Peter Searle Retrieved 29 June 2011 External links edit nbsp Media related to Short Brothers Sunderland at Wikimedia Commons Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Short Brothers of Sunderland amp oldid 1066004004, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
