fbpx
Wikipedia

September Six

The September Six were six members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) who were excommunicated or disfellowshipped by the church in September 1993, allegedly for publishing scholarly work against or criticizing church doctrine or leadership. The term "September Six" was coined by The Salt Lake Tribune and was used in the media and subsequent discussion.[1] The church's action was referred to by some as evidence of an anti-intellectual posture on the part of church leadership.[2][3]

Six Individuals edit

Lynne Kanavel Whitesides edit

Lynne Kanavel Whitesides is a Mormon feminist and is noted for speaking on the Mother in Heaven.[4] Whitesides was the first of the group to experience church discipline and was disfellowshipped September 14, 1993. Though technically still a member, Whitesides claims that she "exploded" out of the church and her marriage in 1993, and she now considers herself a practitioner of Native American philosophies.[5]

Avraham Gileadi edit

Avraham Gileadi is a Hebrew scholar and literary analyst, who is considered theologically conservative. Following his 1981 Ph.D. in ancient studies from Brigham Young University, he published a new interpretive translation of the Book of Isaiah in 1988 and a study of its eschatological prophecies in 1991. Mormon scholars, including Hugh Nibley, Truman G. Madsen and Ellis Rasmussen, praised his work, but his argument that the Isaiah prophecies pointed to a human "Davidic king" who would emerge in the Last Days, apart from Jesus Christ, was controversial, and his second book was pulled from the shelves by its publisher, church-owned Deseret Book.[6] The reasons for his excommunication on September 15 are unclear. According to Margaret Toscano (whose husband was among the September Six and who would also later be excommunicated), Gileadi's "books interpreting Mormon scripture challenged the exclusive right of leaders to define doctrine,"[7][unreliable source?] but Gileadi himself disputes that characterization.[8] The church (who? high council, someone else?) afterwards reversed its disciplinary action against him and expunged it from the church's records, which is now officially regarded (by who?) as having never happened.[8] Gileadi is currently an active member of the church.[9][10]

Paul Toscano edit

Paul Toscano is a Salt Lake City attorney who co-authored, with Margaret Merrill Toscano, a controversial book, Strangers in Paradox: Explorations in Mormon Theology (1990), and in 1992, he co-founded The Mormon Alliance. He later wrote the book The Sanctity of Dissent (1994) and its sequel, The Sacrament of Doubt (2007).

He was excommunicated from the LDS Church on September 19, 1993. The reasons for his excommunication, as reportedly given by church leaders, were apostasy and false teaching. According to Toscano, the actual reason was insubordination in refusing to curb his sharp criticism of Church leaders' preference for legalism, ecclesiastical tyranny, white-washed Mormon history, and hierarchical authoritarianism, which privilege the image of the corporate church above its commitment to its members, to the teachings and the revelations of founder Joseph Smith, and to the gospel of Jesus Christ.[11]

In 2007, Toscano wrote that he lost his faith "like losing your eyesight after an accident." He regrets that church leaders have disregarded his criticisms of what he considers the church's growing anti-intellectualism, homophobia, misogyny, and elitism.[12]

Toscano's wife, Margaret, faced her own disciplinary council for her doctrinal and feminist views and was excommunicated on November 30, 2000. Some view her excommunication as constituting a "seventh" member of the September Six, as she was summoned in 1993, but ecclesiastical focus shifted to her husband. Margaret's discipline was delayed until 2000.[13] Margaret later wrote "The Missing Rib: The Forgotten Place of Queens and Priestesses in the Establishment of Zion" as well as the tenth chapter of Transforming the Faiths of our Fathers: Women who Changed American Religion (2004), edited by Ann Braude.[14]

Maxine Hanks edit

Maxine Hanks is a Mormon feminist theologian, who compiled and edited the anthology Women and Authority: Re-emerging Mormon Feminism (1992). She was excommunicated on September 19, along with fellow contributor D. Michael Quinn. In February 2012, Hanks was rebaptized as a member of the church.[15]

Lavina Fielding Anderson edit

Lavina Fielding Anderson was a Mormon feminist writer who edited the books Sisters in Spirit: Mormon Women in Historical and Cultural Perspective (1992) and Lucy's Book, an edition of the Lucy Mack Smith narrative. She was a former editor for the Ensign and served as editor for the Journal of Mormon History from 1991 to May 2009. She was excommunicated September 23 for apostasy, allegedly because of her article "The LDS Intellectual Community and Church Leadership: A Contemporary Chronology" in Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought.[16][17][4] She also wrote chapter 9, "The Grammar of Inequity" in the book Women and Authority: Re-emerging Mormon Feminism (1992).

Anderson continued to attend LDS Church services as a non-member. She wrote on Mormon issues, including editing the multi-volume Case Reports of the Mormon Alliance, an ongoing collection of interviews with Mormons who believe they were unfairly disciplined by the church.[18] After her husband's death in 2018, Anderson's bishop approached her about reinstatement, the first ecclesiastical leader in the twenty-four years since she was excommunicated to do so.[17] The stake high council and regional council recommended to the First Presidency that she be reinstated, but on August 27, 2019, they received a denial without an explanation.[17] Anderson continued to attend weekly church services and published in 2020 a collection of essays regarding inclusiveness and gender inequality in her book Mercy Without End: Toward a More Inclusive Church.[19] She died on October 29, 2023.

D. Michael Quinn edit

D. Michael Quinn was a Mormon historian. Among other studies, he documented LDS Church-sanctioned polygamy from 1890 until 1904, after the 1890 Manifesto that officially abandoned the practice.[20] He wrote chapter 17, "Mormon Women Have Had the Priesthood Since 1843" in the book Women and Authority: Re-emerging Mormon Feminism (1992). He was excommunicated September 26.

Quinn was summoned to a disciplinary council to answer charges of "conduct unbecoming a member of the Church and apostasy," including "'very sensitive and highly confidential' matters that were not related to Michael's historical writings."[21] Anderson has suggested that the "allusion to Michael's sexual orientation, which Michael had not yet made public, was unmistakable."[21]

Quinn afterwards published several critical studies of Mormon hierarchy, including his three-volume work of The Mormon Hierarchy: Origins of Power, The Mormon Hierarchy: Extensions of Power, and The Mormon Hierarchy: Wealth and Corporate Power. He also authored the 1996 book Same-Sex Dynamics Among Nineteenth-Century Americans: A Mormon Example, which argues that homosexuality was common among early Mormons and was not seen as a serious sin or transgression. He also authored the 1987 book, Early Mormonism and the Magic World View, which argues that early Mormon leaders were greatly influenced by folk magic and superstitious beliefs including stone looking, charms, and divining rods.

Despite his excommunication and critical writings, Quinn, who was after his excommunication openly gay,[22] still considered himself to be a Latter-day Saint,[21] a stance he maintained until his death in 2021.[23]

Church measures taken edit

Except for Whitesides, all of the September Six were excommunicated. Whitesides was disfellowshipped, a lesser sanction that does not formally expel one from church membership. To date, three of the September Six have retained or regained church membership: Avraham Gileadi[24] and Maxine Hanks,[25] who were rebaptized, and Lynne Whitesides, who remains a disfellowshipped member.[26]

While the LDS Church sometimes announces that a prominent member has been excommunicated, the default policy is to refuse to publicly discuss details about the reasons for any excommunication, even if details of the proceedings are made public by that person. Other than the summons sent to each of the six (specifying that their behavior was "contrary to the laws and order of the church"), the church is silent on why a member was disciplined. Such disciplinary proceedings are typically undertaken locally, initiated by leaders at the ward or stake level, although at least one of the September Six suggested his excommunication was orchestrated by higher-ranking church leaders.[27]

Procedures pertaining to the organization of these disciplinary councils are found in the church's scriptural Doctrine and Covenants section 102 as well as in its administrative handbook. During the time of the September Six, Handbook 1, which was only available to ecclesiastical leaders, was in use. In 2020, the church publicly published a revised handbook, General Handbook: Serving in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. The 2020 Handbook changes some language and procedures regarding church discipline.[28]

The LDS Church later excommunicated Janice Merrill Allred in 1995 and Margaret Merrill Toscano in 2000, both of whom had collaborated with several of the September Six and were also involved in disciplinary actions during 1993.[29][30]

See also edit

Notes edit

  1. ^ Salt Lake Tribune, June 16, 2014
  2. ^ Ostling, Richard and Joan. Mormon America. pp. 351–370.
  3. ^ One Nation Under Gods, Richard Abanes, pp.417-419
  4. ^ a b "Mormons Penalize Dissident Members". The New York Times. 1993-09-19. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2020-04-11.
  5. ^ Whitesides, Lynne. "Spiritual Paths After September 1993." Sunstone Symposium, 2003 on YouTube.
  6. ^ Porter, Bruce (1992). "Review of "The Book of Isaiah: A New Translation with Interpretive Keys from the Book of Mormon"". Review of Books on the Book of Mormon. Maxwell Institute. Retrieved 2014-06-18.
  7. ^ Toscano, Margaret Merrill (nd), "What other judgment can I judge by but my own?", The Liz Library
  8. ^ a b "Avraham Gileadi Testimony", Judeo-Mormon Perspectives, Blogger, 14 June 2012, retrieved 2012-06-12
  9. ^ Hanks, Maxine. "Women and Authority: Re-emerging Mormon Feminism". Signature Books. Retrieved 2012-08-19.
  10. ^ Redelfs, John W. (2003-08-09). "The September Six Today". The Mail Archive. Retrieved 2009-02-14.
  11. ^ Toscano, Paul (2008). ""The Sanctity of Dissent"". In Stephen Banks; Joanne B. Ciulla (eds.). Dissent and the Failure of Leadership. New Horizons in Leadership Studies. Northampton, MA: Edward Elgar. pp. 169–181. ISBN 978-1-84720-575-9.
  12. ^ Toscano, Paul (2007). The Sacrament of Doubt. Signature Books. pp. 147–156. ISBN 978-1-56085-146-2.
  13. ^ Tidying Up Loose Ends?: The November 2000 Excommunication of Margaret Toscano, 2001 Salt Lake Sunstone Symposium, Sunstone Magazine.
  14. ^ Table of Contents: Transforming the faiths of our fathers. Catalog.lib.uchicago.edu. 2004-06-19. ISBN 9781403964601. Retrieved 2015-04-14.
  15. ^ Excommunicated Mormon to tell how she came back to the faith
  16. ^ Fielding Anderson, Lavina (Spring 1993). "The LDS Intellectual Community and Church Leadership: A Contemporary Chronology" (PDF). Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought. 26 (1): 7–66. doi:10.2307/45228619. JSTOR 45228619. S2CID 259898595.
  17. ^ a b c "Writer excommunicated during 'September Six' purge loses her bid to rejoin the LDS Church". The Salt Lake Tribune. Retrieved 2020-04-11.
  18. ^ , Mormon Alliance, archived from the original on 2009-10-21
  19. ^ Anderson, Lavina Fielding, 1944- (2020). Mercy without end : toward a more inclusive church (First ed.). Salt Lake City. ISBN 978-1-56085-382-4. OCLC 1141039722.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  20. ^ "LDS Church Authority and New Plural Marriages, 1890-1904," Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought 18 (Spring 1985) 9-105
  21. ^ a b c Lavina Fielding Anderson. "DNA Mormon: D. Michael Quinn," in Mormon Mavericks: Essays on Dissenters, edited by John Sillitoe and Susan Staker, Salt Lake City: Signature Books, 2002, pp. 329-363,
  22. ^ "Interview of D. Michael Quinn". PBS. 30 April 2007. Retrieved 11 October 2011.
  23. ^ "Historian D. Michael Quinn, who was booted from the LDS Church as part of the 'September Six' but remained a believer, dies at 77".
  24. ^ Fidel, Steve. "Scholar Rebaptized Into LDS Church." Salt Lake City and Utah Breaking News. Deseret News, 8 March 1996.
  25. ^ Stack, Peggy Fletcher. "Excommunicated Mormon to Tell How She Came Back to the Faith." Utah Local News - Salt Lake City News, Sports, Archive. The Salt Lake Tribune, 26 July 2012. Web. 09 Nov. 2012.
  26. ^ Tribune, Peggy Fletcher Stack The Salt Lake. "Where Mormonism's 'September Six' are now". The Salt Lake Tribune. Retrieved 2016-10-16.
  27. ^ Haglund, David (November 1, 2012). "The Case of the Mormon Historian: What happened when Michael Quinn challenged the history of the church he loved". Slate.
  28. ^ "LDS Church publishes new handbook with changes to discipline, transgender policy". The Salt Lake Tribune. Retrieved 2020-04-11.
  29. ^ Allred, Janice, 1997. "My Struggle for a More Loving, Tolerant, and Egalitarian Church", Case Reports of the Mormon Alliance 2(4). http://mormon-alliance.org/casereports/volume2/part4/v2p4.htm
  30. ^ "Interview: Margaret Toscano | American Experience | PBS". www.pbs.org. Retrieved 2020-04-11.

References edit

  • Anderson, Lavina Fielding. "The LDS intellectual community and church leadership: A contemporary chronology." Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought, 26(1) [Spring 1993], 7-64.
  • Anderson, Lavina Fielding. "Freedom of Conscience: A Personal Statement." Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought, 26(4) [Winter 1993], 196–202.
  • Anderson, Lavina Fielding. "The Church and Its Scholars: Ten Years After." Sunstone, 128 (July 2003), 13–19.
  • Haglund, David (November 1, 2012). "The Case of the Mormon Historian: What happened when Michael Quinn challenged the history of the church he loved". Slate.
  • Stack, Peggy Fletcher (16 August 2003), "Exiles in Zion" (Subscription required), The Salt Lake Tribune
  • Whitesides, Lynne Kanavel, Toscano, Paul James, Hanks, Maxine, Quinn, D. Michael, and Anderson, Lavina Fielding. "Spiritual Paths after September 1993," Sunstone, December 2003, 13–31.
  • Waterman, Bryan and Kagel, Brian. The Lord's University: Freedom and Authority at BYU Salt Lake City: Signature Books, 1998, pp. 258–301.
  • "Six intellectuals disciplined for apostasy." Sunstone, November 1993, 65–73.

Further reading edit

  • Sara M. Patterson (2023). The September Six and the Struggle for the Soul of Mormonism. Signature Books. ISBN 978-1560854661.

september, were, members, church, jesus, christ, latter, saints, church, were, excommunicated, disfellowshipped, church, september, 1993, allegedly, publishing, scholarly, work, against, criticizing, church, doctrine, leadership, term, coined, salt, lake, trib. The September Six were six members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter day Saints LDS Church who were excommunicated or disfellowshipped by the church in September 1993 allegedly for publishing scholarly work against or criticizing church doctrine or leadership The term September Six was coined by The Salt Lake Tribune and was used in the media and subsequent discussion 1 The church s action was referred to by some as evidence of an anti intellectual posture on the part of church leadership 2 3 Contents 1 Six Individuals 1 1 Lynne Kanavel Whitesides 1 2 Avraham Gileadi 1 3 Paul Toscano 1 4 Maxine Hanks 1 5 Lavina Fielding Anderson 1 6 D Michael Quinn 2 Church measures taken 3 See also 4 Notes 5 References 6 Further readingSix Individuals editLynne Kanavel Whitesides edit Lynne Kanavel Whitesides is a Mormon feminist and is noted for speaking on the Mother in Heaven 4 Whitesides was the first of the group to experience church discipline and was disfellowshipped September 14 1993 Though technically still a member Whitesides claims that she exploded out of the church and her marriage in 1993 and she now considers herself a practitioner of Native American philosophies 5 Avraham Gileadi edit Avraham Gileadi is a Hebrew scholar and literary analyst who is considered theologically conservative Following his 1981 Ph D in ancient studies from Brigham Young University he published a new interpretive translation of the Book of Isaiah in 1988 and a study of its eschatological prophecies in 1991 Mormon scholars including Hugh Nibley Truman G Madsen and Ellis Rasmussen praised his work but his argument that the Isaiah prophecies pointed to a human Davidic king who would emerge in the Last Days apart from Jesus Christ was controversial and his second book was pulled from the shelves by its publisher church owned Deseret Book 6 The reasons for his excommunication on September 15 are unclear According to Margaret Toscano whose husband was among the September Six and who would also later be excommunicated Gileadi s books interpreting Mormon scripture challenged the exclusive right of leaders to define doctrine 7 unreliable source but Gileadi himself disputes that characterization 8 The church who high council someone else afterwards reversed its disciplinary action against him and expunged it from the church s records which is now officially regarded by who as having never happened 8 Gileadi is currently an active member of the church 9 10 Paul Toscano edit Paul Toscano is a Salt Lake City attorney who co authored with Margaret Merrill Toscano a controversial book Strangers in Paradox Explorations in Mormon Theology 1990 and in 1992 he co founded The Mormon Alliance He later wrote the bookThe Sanctity of Dissent 1994 and its sequel The Sacrament of Doubt 2007 He was excommunicated from the LDS Church on September 19 1993 The reasons for his excommunication as reportedly given by church leaders were apostasy and false teaching According to Toscano the actual reason was insubordination in refusing to curb his sharp criticism of Church leaders preference for legalism ecclesiastical tyranny white washed Mormon history and hierarchical authoritarianism which privilege the image of the corporate church above its commitment to its members to the teachings and the revelations of founder Joseph Smith and to the gospel of Jesus Christ 11 In 2007 Toscano wrote that he lost his faith like losing your eyesight after an accident He regrets that church leaders have disregarded his criticisms of what he considers the church s growing anti intellectualism homophobia misogyny and elitism 12 Toscano s wife Margaret faced her own disciplinary council for her doctrinal and feminist views and was excommunicated on November 30 2000 Some view her excommunication as constituting a seventh member of the September Six as she was summoned in 1993 but ecclesiastical focus shifted to her husband Margaret s discipline was delayed until 2000 13 Margaret later wrote The Missing Rib The Forgotten Place of Queens and Priestesses in the Establishment of Zion as well as the tenth chapter of Transforming the Faiths of our Fathers Women who Changed American Religion 2004 edited by Ann Braude 14 Maxine Hanks edit Maxine Hanks is a Mormon feminist theologian who compiled and edited the anthology Women and Authority Re emerging Mormon Feminism 1992 She was excommunicated on September 19 along with fellow contributor D Michael Quinn In February 2012 Hanks was rebaptized as a member of the church 15 Lavina Fielding Anderson edit Lavina Fielding Anderson was a Mormon feminist writer who edited the books Sisters in Spirit Mormon Women in Historical and Cultural Perspective 1992 and Lucy s Book an edition of the Lucy Mack Smith narrative She was a former editor for the Ensign and served as editor for the Journal of Mormon History from 1991 to May 2009 She was excommunicated September 23 for apostasy allegedly because of her article The LDS Intellectual Community and Church Leadership A Contemporary Chronology in Dialogue A Journal of Mormon Thought 16 17 4 She also wrote chapter 9 The Grammar of Inequity in the book Women and Authority Re emerging Mormon Feminism 1992 Anderson continued to attend LDS Church services as a non member She wrote on Mormon issues including editing the multi volume Case Reports of the Mormon Alliance an ongoing collection of interviews with Mormons who believe they were unfairly disciplined by the church 18 After her husband s death in 2018 Anderson s bishop approached her about reinstatement the first ecclesiastical leader in the twenty four years since she was excommunicated to do so 17 The stake high council and regional council recommended to the First Presidency that she be reinstated but on August 27 2019 they received a denial without an explanation 17 Anderson continued to attend weekly church services and published in 2020 a collection of essays regarding inclusiveness and gender inequality in her book Mercy Without End Toward a More Inclusive Church 19 She died on October 29 2023 D Michael Quinn edit Main article D Michael Quinn D Michael Quinn was a Mormon historian Among other studies he documented LDS Church sanctioned polygamy from 1890 until 1904 after the 1890 Manifesto that officially abandoned the practice 20 He wrote chapter 17 Mormon Women Have Had the Priesthood Since 1843 in the book Women and Authority Re emerging Mormon Feminism 1992 He was excommunicated September 26 Quinn was summoned to a disciplinary council to answer charges of conduct unbecoming a member of the Church and apostasy including very sensitive and highly confidential matters that were not related to Michael s historical writings 21 Anderson has suggested that the allusion to Michael s sexual orientation which Michael had not yet made public was unmistakable 21 Quinn afterwards published several critical studies of Mormon hierarchy including his three volume work of The Mormon Hierarchy Origins of Power The Mormon Hierarchy Extensions of Power and The Mormon Hierarchy Wealth and Corporate Power He also authored the 1996 book Same Sex Dynamics Among Nineteenth Century Americans A Mormon Example which argues that homosexuality was common among early Mormons and was not seen as a serious sin or transgression He also authored the 1987 book Early Mormonism and the Magic World View which argues that early Mormon leaders were greatly influenced by folk magic and superstitious beliefs including stone looking charms and divining rods Despite his excommunication and critical writings Quinn who was after his excommunication openly gay 22 still considered himself to be a Latter day Saint 21 a stance he maintained until his death in 2021 23 Church measures taken editThis section needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources in this section Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources September Six news newspapers books scholar JSTOR October 2018 Learn how and when to remove this message Except for Whitesides all of the September Six were excommunicated Whitesides was disfellowshipped a lesser sanction that does not formally expel one from church membership To date three of the September Six have retained or regained church membership Avraham Gileadi 24 and Maxine Hanks 25 who were rebaptized and Lynne Whitesides who remains a disfellowshipped member 26 While the LDS Church sometimes announces that a prominent member has been excommunicated the default policy is to refuse to publicly discuss details about the reasons for any excommunication even if details of the proceedings are made public by that person Other than the summons sent to each of the six specifying that their behavior was contrary to the laws and order of the church the church is silent on why a member was disciplined Such disciplinary proceedings are typically undertaken locally initiated by leaders at the ward or stake level although at least one of the September Six suggested his excommunication was orchestrated by higher ranking church leaders 27 Procedures pertaining to the organization of these disciplinary councils are found in the church s scriptural Doctrine and Covenants section 102 as well as in its administrative handbook During the time of the September Six Handbook 1 which was only available to ecclesiastical leaders was in use In 2020 the church publicly published a revised handbook General Handbook Serving in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter day Saints The 2020 Handbook changes some language and procedures regarding church discipline 28 The LDS Church later excommunicated Janice Merrill Allred in 1995 and Margaret Merrill Toscano in 2000 both of whom had collaborated with several of the September Six and were also involved in disciplinary actions during 1993 29 30 See also edit nbsp Latter Day Saint movement portal Criticism of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter day Saints Jeremy Runnells John Dehlin Kate Kelly feminist Sonia Johnson Mormonism and history Ordain Women Strengthening Church Members CommitteeNotes edit Salt Lake Tribune June 16 2014 Ostling Richard and Joan Mormon America pp 351 370 One Nation Under Gods Richard Abanes pp 417 419 a b Mormons Penalize Dissident Members The New York Times 1993 09 19 ISSN 0362 4331 Retrieved 2020 04 11 Whitesides Lynne Spiritual Paths After September 1993 Sunstone Symposium 2003 on YouTube Porter Bruce 1992 Review of The Book of Isaiah A New Translation with Interpretive Keys from the Book of Mormon Review of Books on the Book of Mormon Maxwell Institute Retrieved 2014 06 18 Toscano Margaret Merrill nd What other judgment can I judge by but my own The Liz Library a b Avraham Gileadi Testimony Judeo Mormon Perspectives Blogger 14 June 2012 retrieved 2012 06 12 Hanks Maxine Women and Authority Re emerging Mormon Feminism Signature Books Retrieved 2012 08 19 Redelfs John W 2003 08 09 The September Six Today The Mail Archive Retrieved 2009 02 14 Toscano Paul 2008 The Sanctity of Dissent In Stephen Banks Joanne B Ciulla eds Dissent and the Failure of Leadership New Horizons in Leadership Studies Northampton MA Edward Elgar pp 169 181 ISBN 978 1 84720 575 9 Toscano Paul 2007 The Sacrament of Doubt Signature Books pp 147 156 ISBN 978 1 56085 146 2 Tidying Up Loose Ends The November 2000 Excommunication of Margaret Toscano 2001 Salt Lake Sunstone Symposium Sunstone Magazine Table of Contents Transforming the faiths of our fathers Catalog lib uchicago edu 2004 06 19 ISBN 9781403964601 Retrieved 2015 04 14 Excommunicated Mormon to tell how she came back to the faith Fielding Anderson Lavina Spring 1993 The LDS Intellectual Community and Church Leadership A Contemporary Chronology PDF Dialogue A Journal of Mormon Thought 26 1 7 66 doi 10 2307 45228619 JSTOR 45228619 S2CID 259898595 a b c Writer excommunicated during September Six purge loses her bid to rejoin the LDS Church The Salt Lake Tribune Retrieved 2020 04 11 Case Reports of the Mormon Alliance Mormon Alliance archived from the original on 2009 10 21 Anderson Lavina Fielding 1944 2020 Mercy without end toward a more inclusive church First ed Salt Lake City ISBN 978 1 56085 382 4 OCLC 1141039722 a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint location missing publisher link CS1 maint multiple names authors list link CS1 maint numeric names authors list link LDS Church Authority and New Plural Marriages 1890 1904 Dialogue A Journal of Mormon Thought 18 Spring 1985 9 105 a b c Lavina Fielding Anderson DNA Mormon D Michael Quinn in Mormon Mavericks Essays on Dissenters edited by John Sillitoe and Susan Staker Salt Lake City Signature Books 2002 pp 329 363 Interview of D Michael Quinn PBS 30 April 2007 Retrieved 11 October 2011 Historian D Michael Quinn who was booted from the LDS Church as part of the September Six but remained a believer dies at 77 Fidel Steve Scholar Rebaptized Into LDS Church Salt Lake City and Utah Breaking News Deseret News 8 March 1996 Stack Peggy Fletcher Excommunicated Mormon to Tell How She Came Back to the Faith Utah Local News Salt Lake City News Sports Archive The Salt Lake Tribune 26 July 2012 Web 09 Nov 2012 Tribune Peggy Fletcher Stack The Salt Lake Where Mormonism s September Six are now The Salt Lake Tribune Retrieved 2016 10 16 Haglund David November 1 2012 The Case of the Mormon Historian What happened when Michael Quinn challenged the history of the church he loved Slate LDS Church publishes new handbook with changes to discipline transgender policy The Salt Lake Tribune Retrieved 2020 04 11 Allred Janice 1997 My Struggle for a More Loving Tolerant and Egalitarian Church Case Reports of the Mormon Alliance 2 4 http mormon alliance org casereports volume2 part4 v2p4 htm Interview Margaret Toscano American Experience PBS www pbs org Retrieved 2020 04 11 References editAnderson Lavina Fielding The LDS intellectual community and church leadership A contemporary chronology Dialogue A Journal of Mormon Thought 26 1 Spring 1993 7 64 Anderson Lavina Fielding Freedom of Conscience A Personal Statement Dialogue A Journal of Mormon Thought 26 4 Winter 1993 196 202 Anderson Lavina Fielding The Church and Its Scholars Ten Years After Sunstone 128 July 2003 13 19 Haglund David November 1 2012 The Case of the Mormon Historian What happened when Michael Quinn challenged the history of the church he loved Slate Stack Peggy Fletcher 16 August 2003 Exiles in Zion Subscription required The Salt Lake Tribune Whitesides Lynne Kanavel Toscano Paul James Hanks Maxine Quinn D Michael and Anderson Lavina Fielding Spiritual Paths after September 1993 Sunstone December 2003 13 31 Waterman Bryan and Kagel Brian The Lord s University Freedom and Authority at BYU Salt Lake City Signature Books 1998 pp 258 301 Six intellectuals disciplined for apostasy Sunstone November 1993 65 73 Further reading editSara M Patterson 2023 The September Six and the Struggle for the Soul of Mormonism Signature Books ISBN 978 1560854661 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title September Six amp oldid 1215096258, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

article

, read, download, free, free download, mp3, video, mp4, 3gp, jpg, jpeg, gif, png, picture, music, song, movie, book, game, games.