The Seal of Khingila is an historical seal from the region of Bactria, on southern Central Asia. The seal was published recently by Pierfrancesco Callieri and Nicholas Sims-Williams.[3][4] It is now in the private collection of Mr. A. Saeedi (London).[2] Kurbanov considers it as a significant Hephthalite seal.[5] It has also been considered as intermediate between the Kidarites and the Hephthalites.[6]
Location of the region of Bactria, to which the seal belongs.
The seal has a Bactrian language inscription mentioning the ruler "Eshkingil", with the title xoadeo ("Lord", "King"), and has been dated to the 5th-6th century CE,[4] or to the first half of the 5th century CE.[2] The legend, deciphered by Nicholas Sims-Williams, reads:
εϸκιγγιλο (...) (ρ)ωκανο χοηο eškiggilo (...) (r)ōkano xoēo "Eškiŋgil, Lord of (Ga)rokan"[7]
The complete reading may be "Eshkingil, lord of (the people) such-and-such" or "Eshkingil, son of so-and-so, the lord".[2] "Eshkingil" (, εϸκιγγιλο, Eškiŋil) may be a title consisting in the Turkic prefix Eš- meaning “comrade, companion of” and "-kenglu", the sacred sword and god ("Kenglu-shen") worshipped by the Xiongnu, so that "Eškiŋgil" could be a Hunnic name or title meaning “Companion of the Sword”, or even "Companion of the God of War".[8][1]
The seal may also have belonged to the Alchon Hun ruler Khingila, who appears in his coinage with the Bactrian legend (χιγγιλο αλχοννο "Khiggilo Alchono"), or another ruler of the same name.[4] A Turk Shahi ruler of Kabul is also known in Arab sources as Khinkhil or Khinjil, who, according to Al-Yakubhi, gave his submission to Al-Mahdi in 775–785.[9] A ruler Khingila is also mentioned in the dedication of the Gardez Ganesha. The identity of this Khingala is uncertain.[10]
It is not certain however if the title "Eshkingil" should be equated with the name "Khingila", and the linguistic evolution from "Khingila" to "Eškiŋil" is problematic.[1]
The figure in the seal wears what is called a "tulip headdress", a type of headdress well known in Bactria from the time of the Kidarites (4th century CE), to the time of the Turks (6th century) and beyond.[11]
SourcesEdit
Sims-Williams, Nicholas (2002) 'The Bactrian inscription on the seal of Khingila.' Silk Road Art and Archaeology, vol. 8. pp. 143–148
ReferencesEdit
^ abcDE LA VAISSIÈRE, ÉTIENNE (2003). "Is There a "Nationality of the Hephtalites"?". Bulletin of the Asia Institute. 17: 129. ISSN 0890-4464.
^ abcdeKurbanov, Aydogdy (2013). "Some information related to the Art History of the Hephthalites". Isimu. 16: 106, note 42.
^Callieri (2002) "The Bactrian Seal of Khingila." Silk Road Art and Archaeology 8
^ abcALRAM, MICHAEL (2003). "Three Hunnic Bullae from Northwest India" (PDF). Bulletin of the Asia Institute. 17: 179, and note 22. ISSN 0890-4464.
^"Particularly important is the seal of Khiṅgila, where the portrait of the seated king is accompanied by a Bactrian inscription giving the name of this Hunnish leader, whose chronological position between Kidarites and Hephthalites is confirmed by an analysis of iconography and style (Callieri, 2002)" in Callieri, Pierfrancesco. "SEALS AND SEALINGS – Encyclopaedia Iranica". www.iranicaonline.org.
^Lerner, Judith A. Observations on the Typology and Style of Seals and Sealings from Bactria and the Indo-Iranian Borderlands, in Coins, Art and Chronology II. The First Millennium CE in the Indo-Iranian Borderlands, eds., M. Alram, D. Klimburg-Salter, et al. (Vienna: ÖAW, 2010): 245-266. p. 255, note 57.
^Kurbanov, quoting Étienne de la Vaissière (2003) "Is There a “Nationality of the Hephthalites”", p.129 in Kurbanov, Aydogdy (2014). "THE HEPHTHALITES: ICONOGRAPHICAL MATERIALS" (PDF). Tyragetia. VIII: 319–320, page 320 note 1.
^KUWAYAMA, Shoshin (1999). "Historical Notes on Kapisl and Kabul in the Sixth-Eighth Centuries" (PDF). ZINBUN. 34: 44.
^Dhavalikar, M. K. (1971). "A Note on Two Gaṇeśa Statues from Afghanistan" (PDF). East and West. 21 (3/4): 331–336. ISSN 0012-8376. JSTOR 29755703.
^Lerner, Judith A. Observations on the Typology and Style of Seals and Sealings from Bactria and the Indo-Iranian Borderlands, in Coins, Art and Chronology II. The First Millennium CE in the Indo-Iranian Borderlands, eds., M. Alram, D. Klimburg-Salter, et al. (Vienna: ÖAW, 2010): 245-266. p. 249.
August 28, 2023
seal, khingila, historical, seal, from, region, bactria, southern, central, asia, seal, published, recently, pierfrancesco, callieri, nicholas, sims, williams, private, collection, saeedi, london, kurbanov, considers, significant, hephthalite, seal, also, been. The Seal of Khingila is an historical seal from the region of Bactria on southern Central Asia The seal was published recently by Pierfrancesco Callieri and Nicholas Sims Williams 3 4 It is now in the private collection of Mr A Saeedi London 2 Kurbanov considers it as a significant Hephthalite seal 5 It has also been considered as intermediate between the Kidarites and the Hephthalites 6 Seal of KhingilaSeal with Bactrian legend Companion of the God of War 1 MaterialGarnet cabochon gemSize22 8 mm high 19 4 mm wide 5 9 mm thick 2 WritingBactrian languageCreated5th 6th century CEclass notpageimage Location of the region of Bactria to which the seal belongs The seal has a Bactrian language inscription mentioning the ruler Eshkingil with the title xoadeo Lord King and has been dated to the 5th 6th century CE 4 or to the first half of the 5th century CE 2 The legend deciphered by Nicholas Sims Williams reads eϸkiggilo r wkano xohoeskiggilo r ōkano xoeo Eskiŋgil Lord of Ga rokan 7 Legend on the seal 2 The complete reading may be Eshkingil lord of the people such and such or Eshkingil son of so and so the lord 2 Eshkingil eϸkiggilo Eskiŋil may be a title consisting in the Turkic prefix Es meaning comrade companion of and kenglu the sacred sword and god Kenglu shen worshipped by the Xiongnu so that Eskiŋgil could be a Hunnic name or title meaning Companion of the Sword or even Companion of the God of War 8 1 The seal may also have belonged to the Alchon Hun ruler Khingila who appears in his coinage with the Bactrian legend xiggilo alxonno Khiggilo Alchono or another ruler of the same name 4 A Turk Shahi ruler of Kabul is also known in Arab sources as Khinkhil or Khinjil who according to Al Yakubhi gave his submission to Al Mahdi in 775 785 9 A ruler Khingila is also mentioned in the dedication of the Gardez Ganesha The identity of this Khingala is uncertain 10 It is not certain however if the title Eshkingil should be equated with the name Khingila and the linguistic evolution from Khingila to Eskiŋil is problematic 1 The figure in the seal wears what is called a tulip headdress a type of headdress well known in Bactria from the time of the Kidarites 4th century CE to the time of the Turks 6th century and beyond 11 Sources EditSims Williams Nicholas 2002 The Bactrian inscription on the seal of Khingila Silk Road Art and Archaeology vol 8 pp 143 148References Edit a b c DE LA VAISSIERE ETIENNE 2003 Is There a Nationality of the Hephtalites Bulletin of the Asia Institute 17 129 ISSN 0890 4464 a b c d e Kurbanov Aydogdy 2013 Some information related to the Art History of the Hephthalites Isimu 16 106 note 42 Callieri 2002 The Bactrian Seal of Khingila Silk Road Art and Archaeology 8 a b c ALRAM MICHAEL 2003 Three Hunnic Bullae from Northwest India PDF Bulletin of the Asia Institute 17 179 and note 22 ISSN 0890 4464 Kurbanov Aydogdy 2014 THE HEPHTHALITES ICONOGRAPHICAL MATERIALS PDF Tyragetia VIII 319 320 page 320 note 1 Particularly important is the seal of Khiṅgila where the portrait of the seated king is accompanied by a Bactrian inscription giving the name of this Hunnish leader whose chronological position between Kidarites and Hephthalites is confirmed by an analysis of iconography and style Callieri 2002 in Callieri Pierfrancesco SEALS AND SEALINGS Encyclopaedia Iranica www iranicaonline org Lerner Judith A Observations on the Typology and Style of Seals and Sealings from Bactria and the Indo Iranian Borderlands in Coins Art and Chronology II The First Millennium CE in the Indo Iranian Borderlands eds M Alram D Klimburg Salter et al Vienna OAW 2010 245 266 p 255 note 57 Kurbanov quoting Etienne de la Vaissiere 2003 Is There a Nationality of the Hephthalites p 129 in Kurbanov Aydogdy 2014 THE HEPHTHALITES ICONOGRAPHICAL MATERIALS PDF Tyragetia VIII 319 320 page 320 note 1 KUWAYAMA Shoshin 1999 Historical Notes on Kapisl and Kabul in the Sixth Eighth Centuries PDF ZINBUN 34 44 Dhavalikar M K 1971 A Note on Two Gaṇesa Statues from Afghanistan PDF East and West 21 3 4 331 336 ISSN 0012 8376 JSTOR 29755703 Lerner Judith A Observations on the Typology and Style of Seals and Sealings from Bactria and the Indo Iranian Borderlands in Coins Art and Chronology II The First Millennium CE in the Indo Iranian Borderlands eds M Alram D Klimburg Salter et al Vienna OAW 2010 245 266 p 249 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Seal of Khingila amp oldid 1105198111, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
