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Sarvangasana

January 01, 1970

Sarvangasana (Sanskrit: सर्वाङ्गासन, romanized: sarvāṅgāsana), Shoulder stand, or more fully Salamba Sarvangasana (Supported Shoulder stand),[1] is an inverted asana in modern yoga as exercise; similar poses were used in medieval hatha yoga as a mudra.

Sarvangasana

Many named variations exist, including with legs in lotus position and Supta Konasana with legs wide apart, toes on the ground.

Sarvāṅgāsana has been nicknamed the "queen" or "mother" of all the asanas.[2][3][4]

Etymology and origins edit

 
The mudra Viparita Karani uses a variety of inverted poses, sometimes similar to the modern Sarvangasana, to trap and retain prana, life force, which would otherwise drip from the head and be lost. Illustrated manuscript of the Joga Pradipika, 1830

The name comes from the Sanskrit सालम्ब Salamba, "supported", सर्वाङ्ग Sarvāṅga, "all limbs", i.e. "the whole body",[5] and आसन Āsana, "posture"," position", or "seat".[6][7]

The name Sarvangasana[8] is modern, but similar inverted poses were in use in medieval hatha yoga as a mudra, Viparita Karani, which is documented in the 14th century Śiva Saṃhitā 4.45-47,[9] the 15th century Haṭha Yoga Pradīpikā 3.78-81,[9] the 17th century Gheraṇḍa Saṃhitā 3.33-35,[9] and other early texts such as the Dattātreyayogaśāstra. The purpose of Viparita Karani had been to reverse the downflow and subsequent loss of life force, using gravity; by the 17th century this had become an asana, variously named narakasana, kapalasana, and viparitakaranasana, part of the long process of growth of the practice of asanas.[10]

Description edit

Shoulderstand is entered from a supine position with the knees bent. The shoulders may be supported on folded blankets, and the upper arms may be held in with a belt just above the elbows. Beginners may lift with bent legs, advanced users with straight legs. The back is supported by the hands: once up, the hands reach lower down the trunk towards the head, and the trunk is lifted further; the legs may then be straightened to a vertical position.[7]

Variations edit

The posture may be entered from Halasana (plough), moving to a cycle of poses such as Karnapidasana (ear pressing pose) with the knees bent close to the head and grasped by the arms; or to Parsva Halasana (sideways plough) with the body vertical, the trunk twisted to one side, and legs out straight with the feet touching the ground (to that side); to Supta Konasana, with the legs spread as wide as possible, the fingertips grasping the big toes; or Parsva Sarvangasana, an advanced pose, with both legs leaning to one side; and Urdhva Padmasana in Sarvangasana, with the legs in lotus position.[8]

 
Iyengar Yoga teaches the pose using props to ensure correct alignment.[11]

Salamba Sarvangasana may be performed on a strong and stable chair, with the legs resting on the chair back, the body supported by a folded blanket on the chair's seat, and the shoulders and neck supported on a bolster on the ground. The hands may grasp the back legs of the chair to open the chest. The pose is entered by sitting astride the chair facing the back, lifting the legs on to the back, holding the chair and leaning back, then sliding down until the head reaches the ground. The pose is exited by bending the legs and sliding down carefully.[11]

Niralamba Sarvangasana is Unsupported Shoulderstand, with the arms off the ground.[12]

Claims for the "mother of asanas" edit

Twentieth century advocates of some schools of yoga, such as B. K. S. Iyengar, made claims for the effects of yoga on specific organs, without adducing any evidence.[13][14] Iyengar devoted a whole page of Light on Yoga to the beneficial effects of Sarvangasana, claiming that the pose is "one of the greatest boons conferred on humanity by our ancient sages",[15] calling it "the Mother of asanas"[15] and "a panacea for most common ailments."[15] He asserted that the pose had a direct effect on the thyroid and parathyroid glands, explaining that the chin lock increased their blood supply. He stated that the inversion increased venous blood flow to the heart, increasing the blood supply to the neck and chest, and hence relieving "breathlessness, palpitation, asthma, bronchitis and throat ailments."[15] He stated that it soothed the nerves and abolished headaches and with continued practice also the common cold.[15] The soothing of the nerves in turn, he wrote, relieved hypertension, irritation, shortness of temper, nervous breakdown, and insomnia.[15] The inversion assisted, he wrote, with bowel movements.[15] It was useful, Iyengar claimed, for urinary disorders, menstrual problems, piles, hernia, epilepsy, low vitality, and anaemia.[15]

Safety edit

Sarvangasana, alongside Sirsasana and Padmasana, is one of the asanas most often reported as the cause of an injury.[16][17] Iyengar advised against the pose for people with high blood pressure,[15] for whom he recommended halasana instead, as in his view it brought similar benefits.[18]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ Anon (28 August 2007). "Supported Shoulderstand". Yoga Journal. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  2. ^ Francina, Suza (23 March 2003). Yoga and the Wisdom of Menopause: A Guide to Physical, Emotional and Spiritual Health at Midlife and Beyond. HCI. p. 233. ISBN 978-0-7573-0065-3.
  3. ^ Norberg, Ulrica; Lundberg, Andreas (8 April 2008). Hatha Yoga: The Body's Path to Balance, Focus, and Strength. Skyhorse Publishing. p. 106. ISBN 978-1-60239-218-2.
  4. ^ Kappmeier, Kathy Lee; Ambrosini, Diane M. (2006). Instructing Hatha Yoga. Human Kinetics. p. 265. ISBN 978-0-7360-5209-2.
  5. ^ "Salamba Sarvangāsana". Ashtanga Yoga. Retrieved 11 April 2011.
  6. ^ Sinha, S. C. (1 June 1996). Dictionary of Philosophy. Anmol Publications. p. 18. ISBN 978-81-7041-293-9.
  7. ^ a b Mehta 1990, pp. 108–109.
  8. ^ a b Mehta 1990, pp. 111–115.
  9. ^ a b c Bernard 2007, p. 29.
  10. ^ Mallinson & Singleton 2017, p. 90.
  11. ^ a b Mehta 1990, pp. 118–119.
  12. ^ Iyengar 1979, pp. 214–216.
  13. ^ Newcombe 2019, pp. 203–227, Chapter "Yoga as Therapy".
  14. ^ Jain 2015, pp. 82–83.
  15. ^ a b c d e f g h i Iyengar 1979, pp. 212–213.
  16. ^ Acott, Ted S.; Cramer, Holger; Krucoff, Carol; Dobos, Gustav (2013). "Adverse Events Associated with Yoga: A Systematic Review of Published Case Reports and Case Series". PLOS ONE. 8 (10): e75515. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0075515. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 3797727. PMID 24146758.
  17. ^ Penman, Stephen; Stevens, Philip; Cohen, Marc; Jackson, Sue (2012). "Yoga in Australia: Results of a national survey". International Journal of Yoga. 5 (2): 92–101. doi:10.4103/0973-6131.98217. ISSN 0973-6131. PMC 3410203. PMID 22869991.
  18. ^ Iyengar 1979, pp. 219–220.

Sources edit

External links edit

  • Step by Step instruction

January 01, 1970
sarvangasana, sanskrit, सर, सन, romanized, sarvāṅgāsana, shoulder, stand, more, fully, salamba, supported, shoulder, stand, inverted, asana, modern, yoga, exercise, similar, poses, were, used, medieval, hatha, yoga, mudra, many, named, variations, exist, inclu. Sarvangasana Sanskrit सर व ङ ग सन romanized sarvaṅgasana Shoulder stand or more fully Salamba Sarvangasana Supported Shoulder stand 1 is an inverted asana in modern yoga as exercise similar poses were used in medieval hatha yoga as a mudra Sarvangasana Many named variations exist including with legs in lotus position and Supta Konasana with legs wide apart toes on the ground Sarvaṅgasana has been nicknamed the queen or mother of all the asanas 2 3 4 Contents 1 Etymology and origins 2 Description 3 Variations 4 Claims for the mother of asanas 5 Safety 6 See also 7 References 8 Sources 9 External linksEtymology and origins edit nbsp The mudra Viparita Karani uses a variety of inverted poses sometimes similar to the modern Sarvangasana to trap and retain prana life force which would otherwise drip from the head and be lost Illustrated manuscript of the Joga Pradipika 1830 The name comes from the Sanskrit स लम ब Salamba supported सर व ङ ग Sarvaṅga all limbs i e the whole body 5 and आसन Asana posture position or seat 6 7 The name Sarvangasana 8 is modern but similar inverted poses were in use in medieval hatha yoga as a mudra Viparita Karani which is documented in the 14th century Siva Saṃhita 4 45 47 9 the 15th century Haṭha Yoga Pradipika 3 78 81 9 the 17th century Gheraṇḍa Saṃhita 3 33 35 9 and other early texts such as the Dattatreyayogasastra The purpose of Viparita Karani had been to reverse the downflow and subsequent loss of life force using gravity by the 17th century this had become an asana variously named narakasana kapalasana and viparitakaranasana part of the long process of growth of the practice of asanas 10 Description editShoulderstand is entered from a supine position with the knees bent The shoulders may be supported on folded blankets and the upper arms may be held in with a belt just above the elbows Beginners may lift with bent legs advanced users with straight legs The back is supported by the hands once up the hands reach lower down the trunk towards the head and the trunk is lifted further the legs may then be straightened to a vertical position 7 Variations editThe posture may be entered from Halasana plough moving to a cycle of poses such as Karnapidasana ear pressing pose with the knees bent close to the head and grasped by the arms or to Parsva Halasana sideways plough with the body vertical the trunk twisted to one side and legs out straight with the feet touching the ground to that side to Supta Konasana with the legs spread as wide as possible the fingertips grasping the big toes or Parsva Sarvangasana an advanced pose with both legs leaning to one side and Urdhva Padmasana in Sarvangasana with the legs in lotus position 8 nbsp Iyengar Yoga teaches the pose using props to ensure correct alignment 11 Salamba Sarvangasana may be performed on a strong and stable chair with the legs resting on the chair back the body supported by a folded blanket on the chair s seat and the shoulders and neck supported on a bolster on the ground The hands may grasp the back legs of the chair to open the chest The pose is entered by sitting astride the chair facing the back lifting the legs on to the back holding the chair and leaning back then sliding down until the head reaches the ground The pose is exited by bending the legs and sliding down carefully 11 Niralamba Sarvangasana is Unsupported Shoulderstand with the arms off the ground 12 Claims for the mother of asanas editTwentieth century advocates of some schools of yoga such as B K S Iyengar made claims for the effects of yoga on specific organs without adducing any evidence 13 14 Iyengar devoted a whole page of Light on Yoga to the beneficial effects of Sarvangasana claiming that the pose is one of the greatest boons conferred on humanity by our ancient sages 15 calling it the Mother of asanas 15 and a panacea for most common ailments 15 He asserted that the pose had a direct effect on the thyroid and parathyroid glands explaining that the chin lock increased their blood supply He stated that the inversion increased venous blood flow to the heart increasing the blood supply to the neck and chest and hence relieving breathlessness palpitation asthma bronchitis and throat ailments 15 He stated that it soothed the nerves and abolished headaches and with continued practice also the common cold 15 The soothing of the nerves in turn he wrote relieved hypertension irritation shortness of temper nervous breakdown and insomnia 15 The inversion assisted he wrote with bowel movements 15 It was useful Iyengar claimed for urinary disorders menstrual problems piles hernia epilepsy low vitality and anaemia 15 Safety editSarvangasana alongside Sirsasana and Padmasana is one of the asanas most often reported as the cause of an injury 16 17 Iyengar advised against the pose for people with high blood pressure 15 for whom he recommended halasana instead as in his view it brought similar benefits 18 See also editList of asanasReferences edit Anon 28 August 2007 Supported Shoulderstand Yoga Journal a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a Cite journal requires journal help Francina Suza 23 March 2003 Yoga and the Wisdom of Menopause A Guide to Physical Emotional and Spiritual Health at Midlife and Beyond HCI p 233 ISBN 978 0 7573 0065 3 Norberg Ulrica Lundberg Andreas 8 April 2008 Hatha Yoga The Body s Path to Balance Focus and Strength Skyhorse Publishing p 106 ISBN 978 1 60239 218 2 Kappmeier Kathy Lee Ambrosini Diane M 2006 Instructing Hatha Yoga Human Kinetics p 265 ISBN 978 0 7360 5209 2 Salamba Sarvangasana Ashtanga Yoga Retrieved 11 April 2011 Sinha S C 1 June 1996 Dictionary of Philosophy Anmol Publications p 18 ISBN 978 81 7041 293 9 a b Mehta 1990 pp 108 109 a b Mehta 1990 pp 111 115 a b c Bernard 2007 p 29 Mallinson amp Singleton 2017 p 90 a b Mehta 1990 pp 118 119 Iyengar 1979 pp 214 216 Newcombe 2019 pp 203 227 Chapter Yoga as Therapy Jain 2015 pp 82 83 a b c d e f g h i Iyengar 1979 pp 212 213 Acott Ted S Cramer Holger Krucoff Carol Dobos Gustav 2013 Adverse Events Associated with Yoga A Systematic Review of Published Case Reports and Case Series PLOS ONE 8 10 e75515 doi 10 1371 journal pone 0075515 ISSN 1932 6203 PMC 3797727 PMID 24146758 Penman Stephen Stevens Philip Cohen Marc Jackson Sue 2012 Yoga in Australia Results of a national survey International Journal of Yoga 5 2 92 101 doi 10 4103 0973 6131 98217 ISSN 0973 6131 PMC 3410203 PMID 22869991 Iyengar 1979 pp 219 220 Sources editBernard Theos 2007 1944 Hatha yoga the report of a personal experience Edinburgh Harmony ISBN 978 0 9552412 2 2 OCLC 230987898 Iyengar B K S 1979 1966 Light on Yoga Yoga Dipika Unwin Paperbacks ISBN 978 1855381667 Jain Andrea 2015 Selling Yoga from Counterculture to Pop culture Oxford University Press ISBN 978 0 19 939024 3 OCLC 878953765 Mehta Silva Mehta Mira Mehta Shyam 1990 Yoga The Iyengar Way Dorling Kindersley a href Template Cite book html title Template Cite book cite book a CS1 maint multiple names authors list link Mallinson James Singleton Mark 2017 Roots of Yoga Penguin Books ISBN 978 0 241 25304 5 OCLC 928480104 Newcombe Suzanne 2019 Yoga in Britain Stretching Spirituality and Educating Yogis Bristol England Equinox Publishing ISBN 978 1 78179 661 0 External links editStep by Step instruction Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Sarvangasana amp oldid 1146029361, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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