Saint-James
Saint-James (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ʒɑm]) is a commune in the Manche department in Normandy in north-western France.[3] On 1 January 2017, the former communes of Argouges, Carnet, La Croix-Avranchin, Montanel, Vergoncey and Villiers-le-Pré were merged into Saint-James.[4]
Saint-James | |
|---|---|
The church of Saint-Jacques | |
Saint-James Saint-James | |
| Coordinates: 48°31′25″N 1°19′24″W / 48.5236°N 1.3233°WCoordinates: 48°31′25″N 1°19′24″W / 48.5236°N 1.3233°W | |
| Country | France |
| Region | Normandy |
| Department | Manche |
| Arrondissement | Avranches |
| Canton | Saint-Hilaire-du-Harcouët |
| Intercommunality | CA Mont-Saint-Michel-Normandie |
| Government | |
| • Mayor (2020–2026) | David Juquin[1] |
| Area 1 | 86.41 km2 (33.36 sq mi) |
| Population (Jan. 2019)[2] | 4,907 |
| • Density | 57/km2 (150/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 50487 /50240 |
| Elevation | 28–151 m (92–495 ft) (avg. 110 m or 360 ft) |
| 1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |
Geography
Saint-James is on the border between Normandy and Brittany. The rivers Beuvron and Dierge flow through the commune.
History
William the Conqueror built the Saint-James fortress in 1067.
During the latter half of the Hundred Years' War the immediate area saw heavy military activity between the opposing English and French forces. The siege of Saint-James took place between February 27 and March 6, 1426, resulting in English victory.[5]
During the French Revolution the area was the site of heavy clashes between the Republican forces and the Chouan rebels.[6]
Heraldry
| The arms of Saint-James are blazoned : Gules, a gate argent flanked by 2 towers the sinister one taller Or, all masoned sable, in chief 1 escallop and in base 3 escallops argent. |
Traffic
From 29 July 1901 to 31 December 1933, Saint-James was connected via the 17 kilometres (11 miles) metre gauge Avranches–Saint-James tramway to Avranches, which operated three steam trains for mixed passenger and goods transport each day in both directions.
International relations
Saint-James is twinned with:
Demographics
| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 1968 | 5,369 | — |
| 1975 | 5,154 | −0.58% |
| 1982 | 5,129 | −0.07% |
| 1990 | 5,258 | +0.31% |
| 1999 | 5,093 | −0.35% |
| 2007 | 5,002 | −0.23% |
| 2012 | 5,003 | +0.00% |
| 2017 | 4,954 | −0.20% |
| Source: Population in geography as of January 2020, INSEE[11] | ||
Places of interest
World War II
After the liberation of the area by Allied Forces on 4 August 1944, General George S. Patton established the Third Army's field headquarters at the Chateau de la Paluelle. On 6 August the meeting of the Chiefs of Staff was held at the chateau. It was during this time that the strategy to repel the German counter-attack at Mortain was developed.[12][13]
Concurrently, engineers of the Ninth Air Force IX Engineering Command began construction of a combat Advanced Landing Ground outside of the town. Declared operational on 14 August, the airfield was designated as "A-29", it was used by the 373d Fighter Group which flew P-47 Thunderbolts until early September when the unit moved into Central France. Afterward, the airfield was closed.[14][15]
See also
References
- ^ "Répertoire national des élus: les maires" (in French). data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises. 13 September 2022.
- ^ "Populations légales 2019". The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 29 December 2021.
- ^ INSEE commune file
- ^ Arrêté préfectoral 8 July 2016 (in French)
- ^ van Inwagen, Peter, "The Problem of Fr** W*ll", Thinking about Free Will, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 192–209, ISBN 978-1-316-71110-1, retrieved 2021-03-23
- ^ "The Civil Religious Tradition and Its Rivals", American Covenant, Princeton University Press, pp. 13–36, 2019-06-18, ISBN 978-0-691-19386-1, retrieved 2021-03-23
- ^ . Archant Community Media Ltd. Archived from the original on 5 July 2013. Retrieved 2013-07-20.
- ^ "Beaminster twinned with Saint-James". Beaminster Community.net. Retrieved 2013-07-29.
- ^ Thoury, Michel. "31 ème anniversaire du Jumelage à Beaminster". Site de L'Office de Tourisme Saint James (in French). Archived from the original on 2013-07-29. Retrieved 2013-07-29.
- ^ . The Dorset Twinning Association. Archived from the original on 2012-06-21. Retrieved 2013-08-01.
- ^ Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE
- ^ "70ème anniversaire du Débarquement : le Guide pratique". calameo.com.
- ^ Lemoine, Hélène (July 11, 2010). Entre Les Dents, L'Espoir. Lulu.com. ISBN 9782917250372 – via Google Books.
- ^ Johnson, David C. (1988), U.S. Army Air Forces Continental Airfields (ETO), D-Day to V-E Day; Research Division, USAF Historical Research Center, Maxwell AFB, Alabama.
- ^ Maurer, Maurer. Air Force Combat Units of World War II. Maxwell AFB, Alabama: Office of Air Force History, 1983. ISBN 0-89201-092-4.