The primary scientific objective of STAR is to study the formation and characteristics of the quark–gluon plasma (QGP), a state of matter believed to exist at sufficiently high energy densities. Detecting and understanding the QGP allows physicists to understand better the Universe in the seconds after the Big Bang, when the presently-observed symmetries (and asymmetries) of the Universe were established.
Unlike other physics experiments where a theoretical prediction can be tested directly by a single measurement, STAR must make use of a variety of simultaneous studies in order to draw strong conclusions about the QGP. This is due both to the complexity of the system formed in the high-energy nuclear collision and the unexplored landscape of the physics studied. STAR therefore consists of several types of detectors, each specializing in detecting certain types of particles or characterizing their motion. These detectors work together in an advanced data acquisition and subsequent physics analysis that allows definitive statements to be made about the collision.
In the immediate aftermath of the Big Bang, the expanding matter was so hot and dense that protons and neutrons could not exist. Instead, the early universe comprised a plasma of quarks and gluons, which in today's cool universe are confined and exist only within composite particles (bound states) – the hadrons, such as protons and neutrons. Collisions of heavy nuclei at sufficiently high energies allow physicists to study whether quarks and gluons become deconfined at high densities, and if so, what the properties of this matter (i.e. quark–gluon plasma) are.
In particular, STAR studies the collective expansion of the hot quark-gluon matter, such as the elliptic flow. This allows to extract the transport coefficients that characterize the quark-gluon matter, including the shear and bulk viscosity, and to investigate macroscopic quantum phenomena, such as the chiral magnetic effect.
Collaboration governanceedit
The governance of STAR is via two branches: the institutional Council which is run by a Chairperson elected from the Council ranks, and elected Spokesperson(s) and their management team. The Spokesperson(s) represent the Collaboration in scientific, technical, and managerial concerns. The Council deals with general issues that concern the collaboration. Examples include the organization and governance of the Collaboration, adoption of bylaws and amendments thereto, the policy on admission of new members institutions to the Collaboration, and Policies for the Publication and Presentation of STAR Results.
The term of the office of the Council Chair is nominally two years. The Council elects, a Spokesperson or a team of two Spokespersons who then serve at the discretion of the Council. The normal term of office for the Spokesperson(s) is 3 years, and an individual is eligible to serve at most two consecutive terms as Spokesperson(s).
The elected Spokesperson(s) and their team of Deputies, and the Council Chairs of STAR are listed below. The Institute listed indicates the institute the person was at when they held the position.
Spokespersonsedit
2023-present Spokespeople : Frank Geurts (Rice), Lijuan Ruan (BNL)
^Caines, Helen; et al. (STAR Collaboration) (2004). "An update from STAR—using strangeness to probe relativistic heavy ion collisions". Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics. 30 (1): S61–S73. Bibcode:2004JPhG...30S..61C. doi:10.1088/0954-3899/30/1/005. ISSN 0954-3899.
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The STAR detector for Solenoidal Tracker at RHIC is one of the four experiments at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider RHIC in Brookhaven National Laboratory United States 1 2 3 STAR detector The primary scientific objective of STAR is to study the formation and characteristics of the quark gluon plasma QGP a state of matter believed to exist at sufficiently high energy densities Detecting and understanding the QGP allows physicists to understand better the Universe in the seconds after the Big Bang when the presently observed symmetries and asymmetries of the Universe were established Unlike other physics experiments where a theoretical prediction can be tested directly by a single measurement STAR must make use of a variety of simultaneous studies in order to draw strong conclusions about the QGP This is due both to the complexity of the system formed in the high energy nuclear collision and the unexplored landscape of the physics studied STAR therefore consists of several types of detectors each specializing in detecting certain types of particles or characterizing their motion These detectors work together in an advanced data acquisition and subsequent physics analysis that allows definitive statements to be made about the collision Contents 1 The physics of STAR 2 Collaboration governance 2 1 Spokespersons 2 2 Council Chairpersons 3 See also 4 References 5 External linksThe physics of STAR editIn the immediate aftermath of the Big Bang the expanding matter was so hot and dense that protons and neutrons could not exist Instead the early universe comprised a plasma of quarks and gluons which in today s cool universe are confined and exist only within composite particles bound states the hadrons such as protons and neutrons Collisions of heavy nuclei at sufficiently high energies allow physicists to study whether quarks and gluons become deconfined at high densities and if so what the properties of this matter i e quark gluon plasma are In particular STAR studies the collective expansion of the hot quark gluon matter such as the elliptic flow This allows to extract the transport coefficients that characterize the quark gluon matter including the shear and bulk viscosity and to investigate macroscopic quantum phenomena such as the chiral magnetic effect Collaboration governance editThe governance of STAR is via two branches the institutional Council which is run by a Chairperson elected from the Council ranks and elected Spokesperson s and their management team The Spokesperson s represent the Collaboration in scientific technical and managerial concerns The Council deals with general issues that concern the collaboration Examples include the organization and governance of the Collaboration adoption of bylaws and amendments thereto the policy on admission of new members institutions to the Collaboration and Policies for the Publication and Presentation of STAR Results The term of the office of the Council Chair is nominally two years The Council elects a Spokesperson or a team of two Spokespersons who then serve at the discretion of the Council The normal term of office for the Spokesperson s is 3 years and an individual is eligible to serve at most two consecutive terms as Spokesperson s The elected Spokesperson s and their team of Deputies and the Council Chairs of STAR are listed below The Institute listed indicates the institute the person was at when they held the position Spokespersons edit 2023 present Spokespeople Frank Geurts Rice Lijuan Ruan BNL Deputies ShinIchi Esumi Tsukuba Qinghua Xu Shandong 2020 2023 Spokespeople Helen Caines Yale Lijuan Ruan BNL Deputies Kenneth Barish UC Riverside Xin Dong LBNL 2017 2020 Spokespeople Helen Caines Yale Zhangbu Xu BNL Deputies Jim Drachenberg ACU Frank Geurts Rice 2014 2017 Zhangbu Xu BNL Deputies Helen Caines Yale Renee Fatemi UTK Ernst Sichtermann LBNL 2011 2014 Nu Xu LBNL Deputies James Dunlop BNL Bedangadas Mohanty VECC NISER Scott Wissink Indiana 2008 2011 Nu Xu LBNL Deputies James Dunlop BNL Olga Evdokimov UIC Berndt Surrow MIT 2005 2008 Tim Hallman BNL Deputies Carl Gagliardi Texas A amp M Hans Georg Ritter LBNL Helen Caines Yale 2007 2008 2002 2005 Tim Hallman BNL Deputies Jim Thomas LBNL Steven Vigdor Indiana 1991 2002 John Harris Yale Deputies Rene Bellwied Wayne State 2001 2002 Tim Hallman BNL 1999 2000 Council Chairpersons edit 2021 present Jana Bielcikova NPI CAS 2016 2021 Olga Evdokimov UIC 2014 2016 Huan Huang UCLA 2009 2014 Gary Westfall MSU 2005 2008 Hank Crawford UC Berkeley 2003 2005 Bill Christie BNL 2000 2003 Jay Marx LBNL See also editBreit Wheeler process Vacuum birefringenceReferences edit Caines Helen et al STAR Collaboration 2004 An update from STAR using strangeness to probe relativistic heavy ion collisions Journal of Physics G Nuclear and Particle Physics 30 1 S61 S73 Bibcode 2004JPhG 30S 61C doi 10 1088 0954 3899 30 1 005 ISSN 0954 3899 STAR webpage STAR Lite education and outreachExternal links editSTAR experiment record on INSPIRE HEP Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title STAR detector amp oldid 1179739343, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
