The rufous-capped spinetail (Synallaxis ruficapilla) is a species of bird in the Furnariinae subfamily of the ovenbird familyFurnariidae. It is found in Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay.[2]
What is now Pinto's spinetail (S. infuscata) was previous treated as a subspecies of it.[3] What is now the Bahia spinetail (S. cinerea, previously S. whitneyi) was treated as a conspecific population of the rufous-capped[3] and data both support[4] and refute[5] that treatment. As of late 2023 major taxonomic systems treat the Bahia spinetail as a full species.[2][3][6][7]
Descriptionedit
The rufous-capped spinetail is 13 to 17 cm (5.1 to 6.7 in) long and weighs 12 to 16 g (0.42 to 0.56 oz). The sexes have the same plumage. Adults have a wide buff supercilium and dark brownish gray lores and ear coverts. Their crown and nape are bright orange-rufous and their back, rump, and uppertail coverts are rufescent brown. Their wings are mostly chestnut-brown. Their tail is chestnut; it is graduated and the feathers have pointed tips. Their chin has a tiny tawny spot; the rest of their chin and throat are whitish with faint gray streaks. Their upper breast is grayish and the rest of their underparts paler buffy brownish. Their iris is reddish brown, their maxilla black, their mandible gray with a dark tip, and their legs and feet greenish gray. Juveniles have a duller crown than adults, with little or no chin spot and an ochraceous or brownish wash on the underparts.[8][9][10]
Distribution and habitatedit
The rufous-capped spinetail is found in Brazil from southern Goiás east to Espírito Santo and south into northern Rio Grande do Sul, in far eastern Paraguay, and in northern Argentina's Misiones and Corrientes provinces. It inhabits the undergrowth and edges of a variety of forest landscapes including montane and lowland evergreen forest both primary and secondary. It is strongly associated with stands of Chusquea bamboo. In elevation it ranges from near sea level to 1,400 m (4,600 ft).[8][9][10]
Behavioredit
Movementedit
The rufous-capped spinetail is a year-round resident throughout its range.[8]
Feedingedit
The rufous-capped spinetail's diet and feeding behavior are not well known. It is assumed to feed mostly on arthropods. It primarily forages in pairs and often joins mixed-species feeding flocks. It usually forages in the forest understorey but will occasionally do so on the ground up into the mid-storey. It is thought to capture prey by gleaning from foliage and small branches.[8][9]
Breedingedit
The rufous-capped spinetail breeds during the austral spring and summer. It is thought to be monogamous. Its nest is a bulky mass of thorny sticks with a downward-slanting entrance tube, typically placed in dense vegetation between 1 and 2.5 m (3 and 8 ft) above the ground. The clutch size is two to three eggs. The incubation period, time to fledging, and details of parental care are not known.[8]
Songs and calls
Listen to rufous-capped spinetail on xeno-canto
Vocalizationedit
The rufous-capped spinetail's song has variously been described as "a fast nasal 'di-di-di-réét' "[8], "tdrrrWit"[9], and "a quiet, insistent 'drrrrrt wee' "[9]. Its call is "a distinctive low-pitched trill, 'tshrrr' "[8] also described as a "dry rattle, like 'trrrrruh' "[9].
Statusedit
The IUCN has assessed the rufous-capped spinetail as being of Least Concern. It has a large range and an unknown population size; the latter is believed to be stable. No immediate threats have been identified.[1] It is rather poorly known but considered uncommon to common. It is found in several protected areas.[8]
Referencesedit
^ abBirdLife International (2016). "Rufous-capped Spinetail Synallaxis ruficapilla". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T22702284A93866618. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22702284A93866618.en. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
^ abcGill, Frank; Donsker, David; Rasmussen, Pamela, eds. (July 2023). "Ovenbirds, woodcreepers". IOC World Bird List. v 13.2. Retrieved July 31, 2023.
^ abcRemsen, J. V., Jr., J. I. Areta, E. Bonaccorso, S. Claramunt, G. Del-Rio, A. Jaramillo, D. F. Lane, M. B. Robbins, F. G. Stiles, and K. J. Zimmer. Version 26 November 2023. A classification of the bird species of South America. American Ornithological Society. https://www.museum.lsu.edu/~Remsen/SACCBaseline.htm retrieved November 27, 2023
^Batalha-Filho, H., M. Irestedt, J. Fjeldså, P. G. P. Ericson, L. F. Silveira, and C. Y. Miyaki (2013) Molecular systematics and evolution of the Synallaxis ruficapilla complex (Aves: Furnariidae) in the Atlantic Forest. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 67: 86–94
^Stopiglia, R., Raposo, M.A. and Teixeira, D.M. (2013). Taxonomy and geographic variation of the Synallaxis ruficapilla Vieillot, 1819 species-complex (Aves: Passeriformes: Furnariidae). J. Orn. 154(1): 191–207
^Clements, J. F., P.C. Rasmussen, T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, T. A. Fredericks, J. A. Gerbracht, D. Lepage, A. Spencer, S. M. Billerman, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2023. The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2023. Downloaded from https://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/ retrieved October 28, 2023
^ abcdefghRemsen, Jr., J. V. (2020). Rufous-capped Spinetail (Synallaxis ruficapilla), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (J. del Hoyo, A. Elliott, J. Sargatal, D. A. Christie, and E. de Juana, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.rucspi1.01 retrieved December 1, 2023
^ abcdefvan Perlo, Ber (2009). A Field Guide to the Birds of Brazil. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 212. ISBN978-0-19-530155-7.
^ abde la Peña, Martín R.; Rumboll, Maurice (2001). Birds of Southern South America and Antarctica. Princeton Illustrated Checklists. New Jersey: Princeton University Press. pp. Plate 62. ISBN0691090351.
April 14, 2024
rufous, capped, spinetail, rufous, capped, spinetail, synallaxis, ruficapilla, species, bird, furnariinae, subfamily, ovenbird, family, furnariidae, found, argentina, brazil, paraguay, registro, são, paulo, brazilconservation, statusleast, concern, iucn, scien. The rufous capped spinetail Synallaxis ruficapilla is a species of bird in the Furnariinae subfamily of the ovenbird family Furnariidae It is found in Argentina Brazil and Paraguay 2 Rufous capped spinetailAt Registro Sao Paulo BrazilConservation statusLeast Concern IUCN 3 1 1 Scientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum ChordataClass AvesOrder PasseriformesFamily FurnariidaeGenus SynallaxisSpecies S ruficapillaBinomial nameSynallaxis ruficapillaVieillot 1819 Contents 1 Taxonomy and systematics 2 Description 3 Distribution and habitat 4 Behavior 4 1 Movement 4 2 Feeding 4 3 Breeding 4 4 Vocalization 5 Status 6 ReferencesTaxonomy and systematics editThe rufous capped spinetail is monotypic 2 What is now Pinto s spinetail S infuscata was previous treated as a subspecies of it 3 What is now the Bahia spinetail S cinerea previously S whitneyi was treated as a conspecific population of the rufous capped 3 and data both support 4 and refute 5 that treatment As of late 2023 major taxonomic systems treat the Bahia spinetail as a full species 2 3 6 7 Description editThe rufous capped spinetail is 13 to 17 cm 5 1 to 6 7 in long and weighs 12 to 16 g 0 42 to 0 56 oz The sexes have the same plumage Adults have a wide buff supercilium and dark brownish gray lores and ear coverts Their crown and nape are bright orange rufous and their back rump and uppertail coverts are rufescent brown Their wings are mostly chestnut brown Their tail is chestnut it is graduated and the feathers have pointed tips Their chin has a tiny tawny spot the rest of their chin and throat are whitish with faint gray streaks Their upper breast is grayish and the rest of their underparts paler buffy brownish Their iris is reddish brown their maxilla black their mandible gray with a dark tip and their legs and feet greenish gray Juveniles have a duller crown than adults with little or no chin spot and an ochraceous or brownish wash on the underparts 8 9 10 Distribution and habitat editThe rufous capped spinetail is found in Brazil from southern Goias east to Espirito Santo and south into northern Rio Grande do Sul in far eastern Paraguay and in northern Argentina s Misiones and Corrientes provinces It inhabits the undergrowth and edges of a variety of forest landscapes including montane and lowland evergreen forest both primary and secondary It is strongly associated with stands of Chusquea bamboo In elevation it ranges from near sea level to 1 400 m 4 600 ft 8 9 10 Behavior editMovement edit The rufous capped spinetail is a year round resident throughout its range 8 Feeding edit The rufous capped spinetail s diet and feeding behavior are not well known It is assumed to feed mostly on arthropods It primarily forages in pairs and often joins mixed species feeding flocks It usually forages in the forest understorey but will occasionally do so on the ground up into the mid storey It is thought to capture prey by gleaning from foliage and small branches 8 9 Breeding edit The rufous capped spinetail breeds during the austral spring and summer It is thought to be monogamous Its nest is a bulky mass of thorny sticks with a downward slanting entrance tube typically placed in dense vegetation between 1 and 2 5 m 3 and 8 ft above the ground The clutch size is two to three eggs The incubation period time to fledging and details of parental care are not known 8 nbsp Songs and callsListen to rufous capped spinetail on xeno canto Vocalization edit The rufous capped spinetail s song has variously been described as a fast nasal di di di reet 8 tdrrrWit 9 and a quiet insistent drrrrrt wee 9 Its call is a distinctive low pitched trill tshrrr 8 also described as a dry rattle like trrrrruh 9 Status editThe IUCN has assessed the rufous capped spinetail as being of Least Concern It has a large range and an unknown population size the latter is believed to be stable No immediate threats have been identified 1 It is rather poorly known but considered uncommon to common It is found in several protected areas 8 References edit a b BirdLife International 2016 Rufous capped Spinetail Synallaxis ruficapilla IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016 e T22702284A93866618 doi 10 2305 IUCN UK 2016 3 RLTS T22702284A93866618 en Retrieved 1 December 2023 a b c Gill Frank Donsker David Rasmussen Pamela eds July 2023 Ovenbirds woodcreepers IOC World Bird List v 13 2 Retrieved July 31 2023 a b c Remsen J V Jr J I Areta E Bonaccorso S Claramunt G Del Rio A Jaramillo D F Lane M B Robbins F G Stiles and K J Zimmer Version 26 November 2023 A classification of the bird species of South America American Ornithological Society https www museum lsu edu Remsen SACCBaseline htm retrieved November 27 2023 Batalha Filho H M Irestedt J Fjeldsa P G P Ericson L F Silveira and C Y Miyaki 2013 Molecular systematics and evolution of the Synallaxis ruficapilla complex Aves Furnariidae in the Atlantic Forest Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 67 86 94 Stopiglia R Raposo M A and Teixeira D M 2013 Taxonomy and geographic variation of the Synallaxis ruficapilla Vieillot 1819 species complex Aves Passeriformes Furnariidae J Orn 154 1 191 207 Clements J F P C Rasmussen T S Schulenberg M J Iliff T A Fredericks J A Gerbracht D Lepage A Spencer S M Billerman B L Sullivan and C L Wood 2023 The eBird Clements checklist of birds of the world v2023 Downloaded from https www birds cornell edu clementschecklist download retrieved October 28 2023 HBW and BirdLife International 2022 Handbook of the Birds of the World and BirdLife International digital checklist of the birds of the world Version 7 Available at https datazone birdlife org userfiles file Species Taxonomy HBW BirdLife Checklist v7 Dec22 zip retrieved December 13 2022 a b c d e f g h Remsen Jr J V 2020 Rufous capped Spinetail Synallaxis ruficapilla version 1 0 In Birds of the World J del Hoyo A Elliott J Sargatal D A Christie and E de Juana Editors Cornell Lab of Ornithology Ithaca NY USA https doi org 10 2173 bow rucspi1 01 retrieved December 1 2023 a b c d e f van Perlo Ber 2009 A Field Guide to the Birds of Brazil New York Oxford University Press p 212 ISBN 978 0 19 530155 7 a b de la Pena Martin R Rumboll Maurice 2001 Birds of Southern South America and Antarctica Princeton Illustrated Checklists New Jersey Princeton University Press pp Plate 62 ISBN 0691090351 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Rufous capped spinetail amp oldid 1188911145, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
