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Rosewood

October 14, 2023

This article is about rosewood timber. For other uses, see Rosewood (disambiguation).

Rosewood is any of a number of richly hued hardwoods, often brownish with darker veining, but found in other colours.[1] It is hard, tough, strong, and dense. True rosewoods come from trees of the genus Dalbergia, but other woods are often called rosewood. Rosewood takes a high polish and is used for luxury furniture-making, flooring, musical instruments, and turnery.

A classic rosewood surface (Dalbergia nigra)

True rosewoods Edit

 
Chess pieces in Dalbergia latifolia rosewood
 
A Ming Dynasty rosewood wardrobe, 16th century.

Genuine rosewoods belong to the genus Dalbergia. The pre-eminent rosewood appreciated in the Western world is the wood of Dalbergia nigra.[2] It is best known as "Brazilian rosewood",[3] but also as "Bahia rosewood". This wood has a strong, sweet smell, which persists for many years, explaining the name rosewood.[4]

Another classic rosewood comes from Dalbergia latifolia, known as (East) Indian rosewood or sonokeling (Indonesia). It is native to India and is also grown in plantations elsewhere in Pakistan (Chiniot).

Madagascar rosewood (Dalbergia maritima), known as bois de rose, is highly prized for its red color. It is overexploited in the wild, despite a 2010 moratorium on trade and illegal logging, which continues on a large scale.[5]

Throughout southeast Asia, Dalbergia oliveri is harvested for use in woodworking. It has a very fragrant and dense grain near the core, but the outer sapwood is soft and porous. Dalbergia cultrata,[6] variegated burgundy to light brown in color, is a blackwood timber sold as Burmese rosewood. Products built with rosewood-based engineered woods are sold as 'Malaysian rosewood' or as D. oliveri.[citation needed]

Some rosewood comes from Dalbergia retusa, also known as 'Nicaraguan rosewood' or as cocobolo.[7] Several species are known as Guatemalan rosewood or Panama rosewood: D. tucerencis, D. tucarensis, and D. cubiquitzensis.[8][9] Honduran rosewood, D. stevensonii[10] is used for marimba keys, guitar parts, clarinets and other musical and ornamental applications.[11]

Not all species in the large genus Dalbergia yield rosewoods; only about a dozen species do. The woods of some other species in the genus Dalbergia are notable—even famous—woods in their own right: African blackwood, cocobolo, kingwood, and Brazilian tulipwood.

Some species become canopy trees (up to 30 m high),[12] and large pieces can occasionally be found in the trade.[citation needed]

Other Edit

The timber trade sells many timbers under the name 'rosewood' (usually with an adjective) due to some (outward) similarities. A fair number of these timbers come from other legume genera; one such species that is often mentioned is Bolivian Machaerium scleroxylon sold as 'Bolivian rosewood'. Another that may be found in market from Southeast Asia is Pterocarpus indicus, sold as 'New Guinea rosewood' (and related species). Dalbergia sissoo is a rosewood species from India and Bangladesh, usually known as sheesham or North-Indian rosewood. Its timber is extremely dense and has mild rot resistance but is porous, and its exterior is soft and susceptible to wood-boring insects. It is used for making cabinets and flooring, and for carving. It is exported as quality veneers. Due to its after-work quality when sealed and dyed, it is often sold as genuine rosewood or as teak. It has no discernible qualities of a genuine rosewood. Its strength is comparable with teak, but it has lower quality and price than teak or Dalbergia latifolia.[citation needed]

Although its wood bears no resemblance whatsoever to the true rosewoods, the Australian rose mahogany (Dysoxylum fraserianum, family Meliaceae) and Australian blackwood, (Acacia melanoxylon) are also sold as rosewood. Acacia excelsa is also commonly known as ironwood or rosewood.[13] Australian rose mahogany, due to the strong smell of roses from freshly cut bark, is more mistakenly termed a "rosewood".[14]

Uses Edit

 
Back of guitar made with East Indian rosewood (Dalbergia latifolia)

All rosewoods are strong and heavy, taking an excellent polish, being suitable for guitars (the fretboards on electric and acoustic guitars often being made of rosewood), marimbas, recorders, turnery (billiard cues, fountain pens, black pieces in chess sets, etc.), handles, furniture, and luxury flooring, etc.

Rosewood oil, used in perfume, is extracted from the wood of Aniba rosaeodora, which is not related to the rosewoods used for lumber. Rosewood is also used for bracelets and necklaces.

Toxicity Edit

The dust created from sanding rosewood is known to be a sensitizing irritant and can trigger asthma and other respiratory ailments. Continual or heightened exposure can increase sensitivity.[15]

Status as an endangered species Edit

In general, world stocks are poor through overexploitation.[16] Rosewood is now protected worldwide. At a summit of the international wildlife trade in South Africa, the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) moved to protect the world's most trafficked wild product by placing all 300 species of the rosewood tree under trade restrictions.[17] At CITES meetings in 2013, 2016, and 2019, additional rosewood species were listed for protection, triggering market booms in China.[18][19]

List of rosewoods Edit

From Dalbergia species:

Other than Dalbergia species


References Edit

  1. ^ "rosewood tree - Memidex dictionary/thesaurus". www.memidex.com. Retrieved 2016-04-02.
  2. ^ "Rosewood From Around the Globe – Woodworkers Source Blog". Retrieved 2023-01-17.
  3. ^ "Rosewood | tree and timber | Britannica". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 2023-01-17.
  4. ^ "Distinguishing Brazilian Rosewood, East Indian and Other Rosewoods - The Wood Database". www.wood-database.com.
  5. ^ "In search of Madagascar's rosewood mafia". BBC News. 20 February 2014. Retrieved 21 February 2014.
  6. ^ "Dalbergia cultrata Benth. — The Plant List". www.theplantlist.org.
  7. ^ "Cocobolo". Forest Legality. Retrieved 2023-01-17.
  8. ^ "Panama Rosewood Sets". Garnut Guitars.
  9. ^ "TAXA: Data on a specific chosen botanical species Dalbergia cubiquitzensis ". www.prowebcanada.com. Retrieved August 24, 2020.
  10. ^ "Honduran Rosewood | The Wood Database (Hardwood)". Retrieved 2023-01-17.
  11. ^ "Honduran Rosewood | The Wood Database - Lumber Identification (Hardwoods)". www.wood-database.com. Retrieved 2016-10-19.
  12. ^ "Brazilian Rosewood | The Wood Database (Hardwood)". Retrieved 2023-01-17.
  13. ^ "Acacia excelsa". World Wide Wattle. Western Australian Herbarium. Retrieved 2 October 2020.
  14. ^ Boland, D.J.; et al. (1984). Forest Trees of Australia (fourth ed.). CSIRO Australia. p. 120.
  15. ^ "Wood Allergies and Toxicity". Eric Meier. January 2009. Retrieved 28 June 2012.
  16. ^ "Dalbergia". ICUN Red List of threatened species. Retrieved 22 July 2022.
  17. ^ "Appendices | CITES". cites.org. Retrieved 2023-01-17.
  18. ^ Zhu, Annah Lake. "Restricting trade in endangered species can backfire, triggering market booms". The Conversation. Retrieved August 24, 2020.
  19. ^ Zhu, Annah Lake (January 2, 2020). "China's Rosewood Boom: A Cultural Fix to Capital Overaccumulation". Annals of the American Association of Geographers. 110 (1): 277–296. doi:10.1080/24694452.2019.1613955.

External links Edit

  •   Media related to Rosewood at Wikimedia Commons

October 14, 2023
rosewood, this, article, about, rosewood, timber, other, uses, disambiguation, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find. This article is about rosewood timber For other uses see Rosewood disambiguation This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Rosewood news newspapers books scholar JSTOR March 2018 Learn how and when to remove this template message Rosewood is any of a number of richly hued hardwoods often brownish with darker veining but found in other colours 1 It is hard tough strong and dense True rosewoods come from trees of the genus Dalbergia but other woods are often called rosewood Rosewood takes a high polish and is used for luxury furniture making flooring musical instruments and turnery A classic rosewood surface Dalbergia nigra Contents 1 True rosewoods 2 Other 3 Uses 4 Toxicity 5 Status as an endangered species 6 List of rosewoods 7 References 8 External linksTrue rosewoods Edit nbsp Chess pieces in Dalbergia latifolia rosewood nbsp A Ming Dynasty rosewood wardrobe 16th century Genuine rosewoods belong to the genus Dalbergia The pre eminent rosewood appreciated in the Western world is the wood of Dalbergia nigra 2 It is best known as Brazilian rosewood 3 but also as Bahia rosewood This wood has a strong sweet smell which persists for many years explaining the name rosewood 4 Another classic rosewood comes from Dalbergia latifolia known as East Indian rosewood or sonokeling Indonesia It is native to India and is also grown in plantations elsewhere in Pakistan Chiniot Madagascar rosewood Dalbergia maritima known as bois de rose is highly prized for its red color It is overexploited in the wild despite a 2010 moratorium on trade and illegal logging which continues on a large scale 5 Throughout southeast Asia Dalbergia oliveri is harvested for use in woodworking It has a very fragrant and dense grain near the core but the outer sapwood is soft and porous Dalbergia cultrata 6 variegated burgundy to light brown in color is a blackwood timber sold as Burmese rosewood Products built with rosewood based engineered woods are sold as Malaysian rosewood or as D oliveri citation needed Some rosewood comes from Dalbergia retusa also known as Nicaraguan rosewood or as cocobolo 7 Several species are known as Guatemalan rosewood or Panama rosewood D tucerencis D tucarensis and D cubiquitzensis 8 9 Honduran rosewood D stevensonii 10 is used for marimba keys guitar parts clarinets and other musical and ornamental applications 11 Not all species in the large genus Dalbergia yield rosewoods only about a dozen species do The woods of some other species in the genus Dalbergia are notable even famous woods in their own right African blackwood cocobolo kingwood and Brazilian tulipwood Some species become canopy trees up to 30 m high 12 and large pieces can occasionally be found in the trade citation needed Other EditThe timber trade sells many timbers under the name rosewood usually with an adjective due to some outward similarities A fair number of these timbers come from other legume genera one such species that is often mentioned is Bolivian Machaerium scleroxylon sold as Bolivian rosewood Another that may be found in market from Southeast Asia is Pterocarpus indicus sold as New Guinea rosewood and related species Dalbergia sissoo is a rosewood species from India and Bangladesh usually known as sheesham or North Indian rosewood Its timber is extremely dense and has mild rot resistance but is porous and its exterior is soft and susceptible to wood boring insects It is used for making cabinets and flooring and for carving It is exported as quality veneers Due to its after work quality when sealed and dyed it is often sold as genuine rosewood or as teak It has no discernible qualities of a genuine rosewood Its strength is comparable with teak but it has lower quality and price than teak or Dalbergia latifolia citation needed Although its wood bears no resemblance whatsoever to the true rosewoods the Australian rose mahogany Dysoxylum fraserianum family Meliaceae and Australian blackwood Acacia melanoxylon are also sold as rosewood Acacia excelsa is also commonly known as ironwood or rosewood 13 Australian rose mahogany due to the strong smell of roses from freshly cut bark is more mistakenly termed a rosewood 14 Uses Edit nbsp Back of guitar made with East Indian rosewood Dalbergia latifolia All rosewoods are strong and heavy taking an excellent polish being suitable for guitars the fretboards on electric and acoustic guitars often being made of rosewood marimbas recorders turnery billiard cues fountain pens black pieces in chess sets etc handles furniture and luxury flooring etc Rosewood oil used in perfume is extracted from the wood of Aniba rosaeodora which is not related to the rosewoods used for lumber Rosewood is also used for bracelets and necklaces Toxicity EditThe dust created from sanding rosewood is known to be a sensitizing irritant and can trigger asthma and other respiratory ailments Continual or heightened exposure can increase sensitivity 15 Status as an endangered species EditIn general world stocks are poor through overexploitation 16 Rosewood is now protected worldwide At a summit of the international wildlife trade in South Africa the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora CITES moved to protect the world s most trafficked wild product by placing all 300 species of the rosewood tree under trade restrictions 17 At CITES meetings in 2013 2016 and 2019 additional rosewood species were listed for protection triggering market booms in China 18 19 List of rosewoods EditFrom Dalbergia species Amazone Rosewood Para Rosewood Dalbergia spruceana Bahia Rosewood Brazilian Tulipwood Pau Rosa Pinkwood Bois de rose Dalbergia decipularis Black Rosewood Nicaraguan Mexican or Panama and Central American Rosewood Dalbergia retusa Brazilian Rosewood also Bahia or Rio Rosewood Jacaranda White Rosewood Dalbergia nigra german Rio Palisander Brown s Indian rosewood Dalbergia brownei Burmese Rosewood Dalbergia oliveri Chingchan also as Asian or Laos Rosewood Dalbergia bariensis Dalbergia cultrata Dalbergia dongnaiensis Dalbergia fusca Chinese Rosewood Fragrant Rosewood Huanghuali Dalbergia odorifera also as Bangkok Rosewood Closeflower Rosewood Camotillo Dalbergia congestiflora Granadillo Rosewood Dalbergia granadillo Guatemala or Honduras Rosewood Dalbergia cubilquitzensis Honduran Rosewood Dalbergia stevensonii Laos Rosewood Burmese Rosewood Burmese Blackwood Dalbergia cultrata Laotian Rosewood Dalbergia lanceolaria Madagascar Rosewood Dalbergia baronii Dalbergia greveana also as French Rosewood and Bois de Rose Dalbergia maritima Dalbergia louvelii Dalbergia madagascariensis Dalbergia monticola Dalbergia trichocarpa etc for all Dalbergia species from the population of Madagascar Mexican Rosewood Palo Escrito Dalbergia paloescrito East Indian Rosewood Indonesian or Malabar Bombay Rosetta und Black Rosewood or Sonokeling Rosewood Dalbergia latifolia North East Indian Rosewood Sissoo Sheesham Dalbergia sissoo Siamese Siam Rosewood Thailand Rosewood Reclaimed Thai Rosewood Dalbergia cochinchinensis Yucatan Rosewood Guatemalan Rosewood Dalbergia tucurensis Other than Dalbergia species African Rosewood False Rosewood Guibourtia demeusei Guibourtia pellegriniana and Guibourtia tessmannii Bubinga and Guibourtia coleosperma Rhodesian Copalwood also Pterocarpus erinaceus Pterocarpus angolensis also as West African Rosewood or Senegal Gaboon Rosewood Millettia laurentii Wenge Hagenia abyssinica also as East African Rosewood Andaman rosewood redwood padauk Pterocarpus dalbergioides Arizona or California Rosewood Vauquelinia californica Australian Rosewood Acacia spp Acacia excelsa Acacia acuminata Acacia rhodoxylon also as Inland Rosewood Acacia binervia and others like Acacia spania also as Western Rosewood Acacia melanoxylon also as Australian Blackwood etc Bastard Rosewood Australian Rosewood Synoum glandulosum also as Scentless Rosewood Knightia excelsa Bolivian Rosewood Santos Rosewood Pau Ferro Morado Machaerium spp Machaerium scleroxylon Machaerium acutifolium Machaerium villosum Brazilian Rosewood Dicypellium caryophyllaceum citation needed Physocalymma scaberrimum also as Amazone Rosewood Brazilian Rosewood Cayenne Rosewood Pau Rosa Bois de rose femelle Aniba rosaeodora Aniba parviflora and others rosewood oil Burmese Rosewood Pterocarpus macrocarpus Pterocarpus indicus also as New Guinea Rosewood or Andaman Rosewood Narra Canary Rosewood Genista canariensis Convolvulus scoparius Caribbean Rosewood Metopium brownei Cayenne Rosewood Bois de rose male Ocotea cernua or possible to other sources Endlicheria canescens Licaria cannella Tetragastris altissima False or Bastard Rosewood others than Swartzia spp Dysoxylum rufum also as Hairy Rosewood Jacaranda mimosifolia Thespesia populnea Thespesia populneoides also as Pacific and Tahitian Rosewood or Polynesian Rosewood Macawood Granadillo Platymiscium spp Guyana Rosewood Bastard Rosewood Swartzia benthamiana Swartzia leiocalycina Swartzia cubensis also as Northern Rosewood and for Licaria guianensis also French Rosewood Jamaica Rosewood Erithalis fruticosa Japanese Rosewood Myrospermum erythroxylum Mexican Rosewood Dominican Mayan Rosewood Bocote Barcino Cordia elaeagnoides Bojon Cordia gerascanthus Freijo Cordia alliodora Louro Preto Cordia megalantha Ziricote Cordia dodecandra Patagonian Rosewood Anadenanthera colubrina Tiete Rosewood Guibourtia hymenaeifolia Guibourtia chodatiana Rhodesian Rosewood Guibourtia coleosperma see African Rosewood West Indian Rosewood Jamaica Rosewood White Rosewood Amyris balsamifera also as Lignum rhodium Rosewood Australian Rose Mahogany Bastard Rosewood Dysoxylum fraserianum Western Rosewood Inland Rosewood Alectryon oleifolius White Rosewood Chionanthus ligustrinus Anthocarapa nitidula Pau Ferro Pau Rosa rosewood substitute Machaerium firmum Bobgunnia fistuloides Bobgunnia madagascariensis Berchemia zeyheri Only because of scent Rosewood oil Oleum Ligni Rhodii Convolvulus floridus und Convolvulus scoparius also as Lignum rhodium Lignum cyprinum Other rosewoods Colliguaja odorifera Erythroxylum havanenseReferences Edit rosewood tree Memidex dictionary thesaurus www memidex com Retrieved 2016 04 02 Rosewood From Around the Globe Woodworkers Source Blog Retrieved 2023 01 17 Rosewood tree and timber Britannica www britannica com Retrieved 2023 01 17 Distinguishing Brazilian Rosewood East Indian and Other Rosewoods The Wood Database www wood database com In search of Madagascar s rosewood mafia BBC News 20 February 2014 Retrieved 21 February 2014 Dalbergia cultrata Benth The Plant List www theplantlist org Cocobolo Forest Legality Retrieved 2023 01 17 Panama Rosewood Sets Garnut Guitars TAXA Data on a specific chosen botanical species Dalbergia cubiquitzensis www prowebcanada com Retrieved August 24 2020 Honduran Rosewood The Wood Database Hardwood Retrieved 2023 01 17 Honduran Rosewood The Wood Database Lumber Identification Hardwoods www wood database com Retrieved 2016 10 19 Brazilian Rosewood The Wood Database Hardwood Retrieved 2023 01 17 Acacia excelsa World Wide Wattle Western Australian Herbarium Retrieved 2 October 2020 Boland D J et al 1984 Forest Trees of Australia fourth ed CSIRO Australia p 120 Wood Allergies and Toxicity Eric Meier January 2009 Retrieved 28 June 2012 Dalbergia ICUN Red List of threatened species Retrieved 22 July 2022 Appendices CITES cites org Retrieved 2023 01 17 Zhu Annah Lake Restricting trade in endangered species can backfire triggering market booms The Conversation Retrieved August 24 2020 Zhu Annah Lake January 2 2020 China s Rosewood Boom A Cultural Fix to Capital Overaccumulation Annals of the American Association of Geographers 110 1 277 296 doi 10 1080 24694452 2019 1613955 External links Edit nbsp Media related to Rosewood at Wikimedia Commons Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Rosewood amp oldid 1179659656, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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