The vertical/Z axis, or yaw axis, is an imaginary line running vertically through the ship and through its centre of mass . A yaw motion is a side-to side movement of the bow and stern of the ship.
The transverse/Y axis, lateral axis, or pitch axis is an imaginary line running horizontally across the ship and through the centre of mass. A pitch motion is an up-or-down movement of the bow and stern of the ship.
The longitudinal/X axis, or roll axis, is an imaginary line running horizontally through the length of the ship, through its centre of mass, and parallel to the waterline. A roll motion is a side-to-side or port-starboard tilting motion of the superstructure around this axis.
There are three special axes in any ship, called longitudinal, transverse and vertical axes. The movements around them are known as roll, pitch, and yaw respectively.
Rolledit
The tilting rotation of a vessel about its longitudinal/X (front-back or bow-stern) axis. An offset or deviation from normal on this axis is referred to as list or heel. Heel refers to an offset that is intentional or expected, as caused by wind pressure on sails, turning, or other crew actions. The rolling motion towards a steady state (or list) angle due to the ship's own weight distribution is referred in marine engineering as list. List normally refers to an unintentional or unexpected offset, as caused by flooding, battle damage, shifting cargo, etc.
Pitchedit
The up/down rotation of a vessel about its transverse/Y (side-to-side or port-starboard) axis. An offset or deviation from normal on this axis is referred to as trim or out of trim. A vessel that is pitching back and forth is usually termed to be hobby horsing.
Yawedit
The turning rotation of a vessel about its vertical/Z axis. An offset or deviation from normal on this axis is referred to as deviation or set. This is referred to as the heading of the boat relative to a magnetic compass (or true heading if referenced to the true north pole); it also affects the bearing.
Translationaledit
Translations
Surgeedit
The linear longitudinal (front/back or bow/stern) motion imparted by maritime conditions, usually head or following seas, or by accelerations imparted by the propulsion system.
Swayedit
The linear transverse (side-to-side or port-starboard) motion. This motion is generated directly either by the water and wind motion, particularly lateral wave motion, exerting forces against the hull or by the ship's own propulsion; or indirectly by the inertia of the ship while turning. This movement can be compared to the vessel's lateral drift from its course.
Heaveedit
The linear vertical (up/down) motion; excessive downward heave can swamp a ship.
Stabilizationedit
There are methods for both passive and active motion stabilization used in some designs. They include static hull features such as skegs and bilge keels, or active mechanical devices like counterweights, antiroll tanks and stabilizers.
See alsoedit
Jibe – Basic sailing maneuver, where ship turns its stern through the wind
Naval architecture – Engineering discipline dealing with the design and construction of marine vessels
Seakeeping – Response of a vessel to sea conditions
Stern suction – Tendency of the stern of a ship making way to swing toward the near bankPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets
Ship stability – Ship response to disturbance from an upright condition
Ship motion test – Scale model a hydrodynamic test to predict full size behaviour
Six degrees of freedom – Types of movement possible for a rigid body in three-dimensional space
Flight dynamics – Study of the performance, stability, and control of flying vehicles
Referencesedit
Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers (SNAME), "Principles of Naval Architecture", 1989, Vol. III, Pg.41, Section 3 - Ship Responses to Regular Waves
Sukas, Omer Faruk; Kinaci, Omer Kemal; Bal, Sakir (2019). Theoretical background and application of MANSIM for ship maneuvering simulations MANSIM Lab. Ocean Engineering, 192, 106239.
January 01, 1970
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Not to be confused with Ship movements This article includes a list of references related reading or external links but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations Please help improve this article by introducing more precise citations May 2022 Learn how and when to remove this message Ship motions are defined by the six degrees of freedom that a ship boat or other watercraft or indeed any conveyance can experience Aircraft carrier rolling during a typhoon Contents 1 Reference axes 2 Rotational 2 1 Roll 2 2 Pitch 2 3 Yaw 3 Translational 3 1 Surge 3 2 Sway 3 3 Heave 4 Stabilization 5 See also 6 ReferencesReference axes editSee also Aircraft principal axes The vertical Z axis or yaw axis is an imaginary line running vertically through the ship and through its centre of mass A yaw motion is a side to side movement of the bow and stern of the ship The transverse Y axis lateral axis or pitch axis is an imaginary line running horizontally across the ship and through the centre of mass A pitch motion is an up or down movement of the bow and stern of the ship The longitudinal X axis or roll axis is an imaginary line running horizontally through the length of the ship through its centre of mass and parallel to the waterline A roll motion is a side to side or port starboard tilting motion of the superstructure around this axis Rotational edit nbsp Axes of a ship and rotations around them For other uses see Euler angles Tait Bryan angles There are three special axes in any ship called longitudinal transverse and vertical axes The movements around them are known as roll pitch and yaw respectively Roll edit The tilting rotation of a vessel about its longitudinal X front back or bow stern axis An offset or deviation from normal on this axis is referred to as list or heel Heel refers to an offset that is intentional or expected as caused by wind pressure on sails turning or other crew actions The rolling motion towards a steady state or list angle due to the ship s own weight distribution is referred in marine engineering as list List normally refers to an unintentional or unexpected offset as caused by flooding battle damage shifting cargo etc Pitch edit The up down rotation of a vessel about its transverse Y side to side or port starboard axis An offset or deviation from normal on this axis is referred to as trim or out of trim A vessel that is pitching back and forth is usually termed to be hobby horsing Yaw edit The turning rotation of a vessel about its vertical Z axis An offset or deviation from normal on this axis is referred to as deviation or set This is referred to as the heading of the boat relative to a magnetic compass or true heading if referenced to the true north pole it also affects the bearing Translational edit nbsp Translations Surge edit The linear longitudinal front back or bow stern motion imparted by maritime conditions usually head or following seas or by accelerations imparted by the propulsion system Sway edit The linear transverse side to side or port starboard motion This motion is generated directly either by the water and wind motion particularly lateral wave motion exerting forces against the hull or by the ship s own propulsion or indirectly by the inertia of the ship while turning This movement can be compared to the vessel s lateral drift from its course Heave edit The linear vertical up down motion excessive downward heave can swamp a ship Stabilization editThere are methods for both passive and active motion stabilization used in some designs They include static hull features such as skegs and bilge keels or active mechanical devices like counterweights antiroll tanks and stabilizers See also editJibe Basic sailing maneuver where ship turns its stern through the wind Tacking sailing A sailing maneuver Translation physics Planar movement within a Euclidean space without rotationPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets Rotation Movement of an object around an axis Naval architecture Engineering discipline dealing with the design and construction of marine vessels Seakeeping Response of a vessel to sea conditions Stern suction Tendency of the stern of a ship making way to swing toward the near bankPages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets Ship stability Ship response to disturbance from an upright condition Ship motion test Scale model a hydrodynamic test to predict full size behaviour Six degrees of freedom Types of movement possible for a rigid body in three dimensional space Flight dynamics Study of the performance stability and control of flying vehiclesReferences editSociety of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers SNAME Principles of Naval Architecture 1989 Vol III Pg 41 Section 3 Ship Responses to Regular Waves Sukas Omer Faruk Kinaci Omer Kemal Bal Sakir 2019 Theoretical background and application of MANSIM for ship maneuvering simulations MANSIM Lab Ocean Engineering 192 106239 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ship motions amp oldid 1221707797 Reference axes, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
