Rhynchobdellida (from the Greek rhynchos, mouth, and bdellein, sucking),[1] the jawless leeches[citation needed] or freshwater leeches,[2] are an order of aquatic leeches.[3][4] Despite the common name "freshwater leeches", species are found in both sea and fresh water. They are defined by the presence of a protrusible proboscis instead of jaws, and having colourless blood.[5][6][7] They move by "inchworming"[8] and are found worldwide. The order contains 110 species, divided into 41 genera and three families.[8] Members of the order range widely in length, usually between 7 and 40 mm.[2] They are hermaphrodite.[2] The order is not monophyletic.[9]
Glossiphoniidae: Smooth Turtle Leech (Placobdella parisitica) on a snapping turtle shell. (Southern United States)
Instead of jaws and teeth, Rhynchobdellidae have protrusible proboscises, which they use to penetrate the host's skin.[2][10] Mouths of Rhynchobdellidae species are small holes from which the proboscis can be protruded.[10] The proboscis then sucks out the desired bodily fluid from the host: usually blood or coelomic fluid in the case of invertebrate victims.[9]
Rhynchobdellidae are either sanguivorous or predatory.[citation needed] Sanguivorous species usually feed on a variety of other animals, using their proboscis to host's skin. They generate anticoagulants (like mosquitoes) and natural anaesthetia to help the feeding.[2] Predatory Rhynchobdellidae have digestive enzymes that help break down their prey, which usually consists of small invertebrates such as insect larvae or amphipods.[2]
The Glossiphoniidae, the freshwater jawless leeches,[citation needed] or leaf leeches (due to their shape)[11] are freshwater leeches, flattened, and with a poorly defined anterior sucker.[2] The family Glossiphoniidae contains one of the world's largest species of leech, the giant Amazon leech, which can grow up to 45 cm in length.[12] Many species show extended parental care, keeping eggs in nests or pouches and caring for and feeding the young.[2][13] They feed on both vertebrate and invertebrate animals.[4]
Piscicolidae (Fish leeches)edit
The Piscicolidae occur in both freshwater and seawater, have cylindrical bodies, and a usually well-marked, bell-shaped, anterior sucker.[2][4] They are parasites of fish.[11][4] The family was originally divided into three subfamilies based on species' pulsatile vesicles, but the subfamilies were disbanded in 2006.[4]
^"Definition of RHYNCHOBDELLIDA". www.merriam-webster.com. Retrieved 2022-11-27.
^ ab"Rhynchobdellida - Encyclopedia of Life". eol.org. Retrieved 2022-11-27.
^ abBorda, Elizabeth; Sidall, Mark (2004-12-30). "Review of the evolution of life history strategies and phylogeny of the Hirudinida (Annelida: Oligochaeta)". Lauterbornia. 52: 7–15 – via ResearchGate.
^ abRogers, D. Christopher; Thorp, James H. (2019-03-31). Thorp and Covich's Freshwater Invertebrates: Volume 4: Keys to Palaearctic Fauna. Academic Press. ISBN978-0-12-385025-6.
^ abThompson, Gerald; Coldrey, Jennifer; Bernard, George (1984). The pond. William Collins. pp. 116–118.
^. 2018-08-31. Archived from the original on 2018-08-31. Retrieved 2022-11-27.
^Rohde, Klaus (2005-09-13). Marine Parasitology. Csiro Publishing. ISBN978-0-643-09927-2.
April 15, 2024
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Rhynchobdellida from the Greek rhynchos mouth and bdellein sucking 1 the jawless leeches citation needed or freshwater leeches 2 are an order of aquatic leeches 3 4 Despite the common name freshwater leeches species are found in both sea and fresh water They are defined by the presence of a protrusible proboscis instead of jaws and having colourless blood 5 6 7 They move by inchworming 8 and are found worldwide The order contains 110 species divided into 41 genera and three families 8 Members of the order range widely in length usually between 7 and 40 mm 2 They are hermaphrodite 2 The order is not monophyletic 9 Jawless leechesBranchellion parkeriScientific classificationDomain EukaryotaKingdom AnimaliaPhylum AnnelidaClade PleistoannelidaClade SedentariaClass ClitellataSubclass HirudineaInfraclass EuhirudineaOrder RhynchobdellidaBlanchard 1893FamiliesGlossiphoniidae Ozobranchidae disputed see text Piscicolidae Contents 1 Appearance and eating habits 2 Families 2 1 Glossiphoniidae Freshwater jawless leeches 2 2 Piscicolidae Fish leeches 2 3 Ozobranchidae Turtle leeches 3 See also 4 ReferencesAppearance and eating habits edit nbsp Glossiphoniidae Smooth Turtle Leech Placobdella parisitica on a snapping turtle shell Southern United States Instead of jaws and teeth Rhynchobdellidae have protrusible proboscises which they use to penetrate the host s skin 2 10 Mouths of Rhynchobdellidae species are small holes from which the proboscis can be protruded 10 The proboscis then sucks out the desired bodily fluid from the host usually blood or coelomic fluid in the case of invertebrate victims 9 Rhynchobdellidae are either sanguivorous or predatory citation needed Sanguivorous species usually feed on a variety of other animals using their proboscis to host s skin They generate anticoagulants like mosquitoes and natural anaesthetia to help the feeding 2 Predatory Rhynchobdellidae have digestive enzymes that help break down their prey which usually consists of small invertebrates such as insect larvae or amphipods 2 Families editGlossiphoniidae Freshwater jawless leeches edit nbsp Piscicolidae Trachelobdella lubrica is a parasite of fish The Glossiphoniidae the freshwater jawless leeches citation needed or leaf leeches due to their shape 11 are freshwater leeches flattened and with a poorly defined anterior sucker 2 The family Glossiphoniidae contains one of the world s largest species of leech the giant Amazon leech which can grow up to 45 cm in length 12 Many species show extended parental care keeping eggs in nests or pouches and caring for and feeding the young 2 13 They feed on both vertebrate and invertebrate animals 4 Piscicolidae Fish leeches edit The Piscicolidae occur in both freshwater and seawater have cylindrical bodies and a usually well marked bell shaped anterior sucker 2 4 They are parasites of fish 11 4 The family was originally divided into three subfamilies based on species pulsatile vesicles but the subfamilies were disbanded in 2006 4 nbsp Ozobranchidae Ozobranchus jantseanus dorsal view Ozobranchidae Turtle leeches edit Ozobranchidae are primarily parasitic on marine turtles and are sometimes merged with the Piscicolidae 2 4 See also editArhynchobdellida ParasitismReferences edit nbsp Wikispecies has information related to Rhynchobdellida Mehlhorn Heinz ed 2008 Rhynchobdellida Encyclopedia of Parasitology Berlin Heidelberg Springer p 1249 doi 10 1007 978 3 540 48996 2 2723 ISBN 978 3 540 48996 2 retrieved 2022 11 27 a b c d e f g h i j Order Rhynchobdellida keys lucidcentral org Retrieved 2022 11 27 Explore the Taxonomic Tree FWS gov Retrieved 2022 11 27 a b c d e f Gulf of Mexico Origins Waters and Biota Volume I Biodiversity Harte Research Institute 2009 pp 789 790 ISBN 9781603442695 Rhynchobdellida leech order Britannica www britannica com Retrieved 2022 11 27 Rhynchobdellida Encyclopedia com www encyclopedia com Retrieved 2022 11 27 Definition of RHYNCHOBDELLIDA www merriam webster com Retrieved 2022 11 27 a b Rhynchobdellida Encyclopedia of Life eol org Retrieved 2022 11 27 a b Borda Elizabeth Sidall Mark 2004 12 30 Review of the evolution of life history strategies and phylogeny of the Hirudinida Annelida Oligochaeta Lauterbornia 52 7 15 via ResearchGate a b Rogers D Christopher Thorp James H 2019 03 31 Thorp and Covich s Freshwater Invertebrates Volume 4 Keys to Palaearctic Fauna Academic Press ISBN 978 0 12 385025 6 a b Thompson Gerald Coldrey Jennifer Bernard George 1984 The pond William Collins pp 116 118 Amazon Giant Leech Haementeria ghilianii Invertebrate Zoology 2018 08 31 Archived from the original on 2018 08 31 Retrieved 2022 11 27 Rohde Klaus 2005 09 13 Marine Parasitology Csiro Publishing ISBN 978 0 643 09927 2 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Rhynchobdellida amp oldid 1190831176, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
