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Retroperitoneal bleeding

January 01, 1970

Retroperitoneal bleeding is an accumulation of blood in the retroperitoneal space. Signs and symptoms may include abdominal or upper leg pain, hematuria, and shock. It can be caused by major trauma or by non-traumatic mechanisms.

Retroperitoneal bleeding
Other namesRetroperitoneal hematoma, retroperitoneal hemorrhage
Transverse section, showing the relations of the capsule of the kidney. (Peritoneum is labeled at center right. Retroperitoneal space is behind peritoneum.)
SpecialtyGeneral surgery

Signs and symptoms edit

Signs and symptoms may include:

Causes edit

Retroperitoneal bleeds are most often caused by major trauma, such as from a traffic collisions or a fall.[3] Less common non-traumatic causes including:

Retroperitoneal bleeds may also be iatrogenic, caused accidentally during medical procedures. Such procedures include cannulating the femoral artery for cardiac catheterization or for interventional radiology,[3][5] and the administration of a psoas compartment nerve block.[5]

Diagnosis edit

Neurology edit

As well as initial symptoms, the accumulation of blood in the retroperitoneal space also compresses the femoral nerve. This may lead to weakness in extending the knee (with reduced patellar reflex) and weakness in flexing the hip.[8]

Radiology edit

A magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan may be used to identify the collection of blood, although this is often not performed if bleeding is a medical emergency.[3]

Management edit

The management will depend on the location of the bleeding, the stability of the patient and the cause. Thus, the patient needs to be closely monitored and the etiology investigated. The initial management must include adequate fluid resuscitation. Treatment options for a retroperitoneal bleed may range from angiographic embolization to surgery in severe cases. [9]

References edit

  1. ^ a b c d Phillips, Courtney K; Lepor, Herbert (2006). "Spontaneous Retroperitoneal Hemorrhage Caused by Segmental Arterial Mediolysis". Reviews in Urology. 8 (1): 36–40. ISSN 1523-6161. PMC 1471764. PMID 16985559.
  2. ^ a b c d Wang, Fengbiao; Wang, Fang (April 2013). "The diagnosis and treatment of traumatic retroperitoneal hematoma". Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences. 29 (2): 573–576. doi:10.12669/pjms.292.3168. ISSN 1682-024X. PMC 3809226. PMID 24353579.
  3. ^ a b c d Torigian, Drew A.; Siegelman, Evan S. (2005-01-01), Siegelman, Evan S. (ed.), "Chapter 6 - MRI of the Retroperitoneum and Peritoneum", Body MRI, Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, pp. 207–268, doi:10.1016/b978-0-7216-3740-2.50011-x, ISBN 978-0-7216-3740-2
  4. ^ John P. McGahan; Barry B. Goldberg (January 2008). Diagnostic ultrasound. Informa Health Care. pp. 772–. ISBN 978-1-4200-6978-5. Retrieved 20 April 2010.
  5. ^ a b c d Weller, Robert S. (2007-01-01), Atlee, John L. (ed.), "Chapter 64 - Psoas Compartment Block: Potential Complications", Complications in Anesthesia (Second Edition), Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, pp. 257–260, ISBN 978-1-4160-2215-2, retrieved 2021-01-05
  6. ^ Anastasiou, Ioannis; Katafigiotis, Ioannis; Pournaras, Christos; Fragkiadis, Evangelos; Leotsakos, Ioannis; Mitropoulos, Dionysios; Constantinides, Constantinos A. (2013). "A Cough Deteriorating Gross Hematuria: A Clinical Sign of a Forthcoming Life-Threatening Rupture of an Intraparenchymal Aneurysm of Renal Artery (Wunderlich's Syndrome)". Case Reports in Vascular Medicine. 2013: 1–3. doi:10.1155/2013/452317. PMC 3705747. PMID 23864981.
  7. ^ Marilyn J. Siegel (1 November 2007). Pediatric Body CT. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 353–. ISBN 978-0-7817-7540-3. Retrieved 20 April 2010.
  8. ^ Preston, David C.; Shapiro, Barbara E. (2013-01-01), Preston, David C.; Shapiro, Barbara E. (eds.), "32 - Lumbosacral Plexopathy", Electromyography and Neuromuscular Disorders (Third Edition), London: W.B. Saunders, pp. 501–517, doi:10.1016/b978-1-4557-2672-1.00032-5, ISBN 978-1-4557-2672-1, retrieved 2021-01-05
  9. ^ Dorosh, J.; Lin, J. C. (2022). "Retroperitoneal Bleeding". StatPearls. PMID 33085330.

External links edit

January 01, 1970
retroperitoneal, bleeding, accumulation, blood, retroperitoneal, space, signs, symptoms, include, abdominal, upper, pain, hematuria, shock, caused, major, trauma, traumatic, mechanisms, other, namesretroperitoneal, hematoma, retroperitoneal, hemorrhagetransver. Retroperitoneal bleeding is an accumulation of blood in the retroperitoneal space Signs and symptoms may include abdominal or upper leg pain hematuria and shock It can be caused by major trauma or by non traumatic mechanisms Retroperitoneal bleedingOther namesRetroperitoneal hematoma retroperitoneal hemorrhageTransverse section showing the relations of the capsule of the kidney Peritoneum is labeled at center right Retroperitoneal space is behind peritoneum SpecialtyGeneral surgery Contents 1 Signs and symptoms 2 Causes 3 Diagnosis 3 1 Neurology 3 2 Radiology 4 Management 5 References 6 External linksSigns and symptoms editSigns and symptoms may include abdominal pain 1 2 upper leg pain 1 2 hematuria 1 2 shock 1 2 Causes editRetroperitoneal bleeds are most often caused by major trauma such as from a traffic collisions or a fall 3 Less common non traumatic causes including anticoagulation 3 4 5 a ruptured aortic aneurysm 5 a ruptured renal aneurysm 6 acute pancreatitis citation needed malignancy 7 Retroperitoneal bleeds may also be iatrogenic caused accidentally during medical procedures Such procedures include cannulating the femoral artery for cardiac catheterization or for interventional radiology 3 5 and the administration of a psoas compartment nerve block 5 Diagnosis editNeurology edit As well as initial symptoms the accumulation of blood in the retroperitoneal space also compresses the femoral nerve This may lead to weakness in extending the knee with reduced patellar reflex and weakness in flexing the hip 8 Radiology edit A magnetic resonance imaging MRI scan may be used to identify the collection of blood although this is often not performed if bleeding is a medical emergency 3 Management editThe management will depend on the location of the bleeding the stability of the patient and the cause Thus the patient needs to be closely monitored and the etiology investigated The initial management must include adequate fluid resuscitation Treatment options for a retroperitoneal bleed may range from angiographic embolization to surgery in severe cases 9 References edit a b c d Phillips Courtney K Lepor Herbert 2006 Spontaneous Retroperitoneal Hemorrhage Caused by Segmental Arterial Mediolysis Reviews in Urology 8 1 36 40 ISSN 1523 6161 PMC 1471764 PMID 16985559 a b c d Wang Fengbiao Wang Fang April 2013 The diagnosis and treatment of traumatic retroperitoneal hematoma Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences 29 2 573 576 doi 10 12669 pjms 292 3168 ISSN 1682 024X PMC 3809226 PMID 24353579 a b c d Torigian Drew A Siegelman Evan S 2005 01 01 Siegelman Evan S ed Chapter 6 MRI of the Retroperitoneum and Peritoneum Body MRI Philadelphia W B Saunders pp 207 268 doi 10 1016 b978 0 7216 3740 2 50011 x ISBN 978 0 7216 3740 2 John P McGahan Barry B Goldberg January 2008 Diagnostic ultrasound Informa Health Care pp 772 ISBN 978 1 4200 6978 5 Retrieved 20 April 2010 a b c d Weller Robert S 2007 01 01 Atlee John L ed Chapter 64 Psoas Compartment Block Potential Complications Complications in Anesthesia Second Edition Philadelphia W B Saunders pp 257 260 ISBN 978 1 4160 2215 2 retrieved 2021 01 05 Anastasiou Ioannis Katafigiotis Ioannis Pournaras Christos Fragkiadis Evangelos Leotsakos Ioannis Mitropoulos Dionysios Constantinides Constantinos A 2013 A Cough Deteriorating Gross Hematuria A Clinical Sign of a Forthcoming Life Threatening Rupture of an Intraparenchymal Aneurysm of Renal Artery Wunderlich s Syndrome Case Reports in Vascular Medicine 2013 1 3 doi 10 1155 2013 452317 PMC 3705747 PMID 23864981 Marilyn J Siegel 1 November 2007 Pediatric Body CT Lippincott Williams amp Wilkins pp 353 ISBN 978 0 7817 7540 3 Retrieved 20 April 2010 Preston David C Shapiro Barbara E 2013 01 01 Preston David C Shapiro Barbara E eds 32 Lumbosacral Plexopathy Electromyography and Neuromuscular Disorders Third Edition London W B Saunders pp 501 517 doi 10 1016 b978 1 4557 2672 1 00032 5 ISBN 978 1 4557 2672 1 retrieved 2021 01 05 Dorosh J Lin J C 2022 Retroperitoneal Bleeding StatPearls PMID 33085330 External links edit Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Retroperitoneal bleeding amp oldid 1128155389, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,

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