A rapier loom is a shuttleless weaving loom in which the filling yarn is carried through the shed of warp yarns to the other side of the loom by finger-like carriers called rapiers.[1]
A stationary package of yarn is used to supply the weft yarns in the rapier machine. One end of a rapier, a rod or steel tape, carries the weft yarn. The other end of the rapier is connected to the control system. The rapier moves across the width of the fabric, carrying the weft yarn across through the shed to the opposite side. The rapier is then retracted, leaving the new pick in place.
In some versions of the loom, two rapiers are used, each half the width of the fabric in size. One rapier carries the yarn to the center of the shed, where the opposing rapier picks up the yarn and carries it the remainder of the way across the shed.[2] The double rapier is used more frequently than the single rapier due to its increased pick insertion speed and ability to weave wider widths of fabric.
The housing for the rapiers must take up as much space as the width of the machine. To overcome this problem, looms with flexible rapiers have been devised. The flexible rapier can be coiled as it is withdrawn, therefore requiring less storage space. If, however, the rapier is too stiff then it will not coil; if it is too flexible, it will buckle. Rigid and flexible rapier machines operate at speeds ranging from about 200 to 260 ppm, using up to 1,300 meters of weft yarn every minute. They have a noise level similar to that of modern projectile looms. They can produce a wide variety of fabrics ranging from muslin to drapery and upholstery materials.
Newer rapier machines are built with two distinct weaving areas for two separate fabrics. On such machines, one rapier picks up the yarn from the centre, between the two fabrics, and carries it across one weaving area; as it finishes laying that pick, the opposite end of the rapier picks up another yarn from the centre, and the rapier moves in the other direction to lay a pick for the second weaving area, on the other half of the machine.
Rapier machines weave more rapidly than most shuttle machines but more slowly than most other projectile machines. An important advantage of rapier machines is their flexibility, which permits the laying of picks of different colours. They also weave yarns of any type of fiber and can weave fabrics up to 110 inches in width without modification.
The development of the rapier loom began in 1844, when John Smith of Salford was granted a patent on a loom design that eliminated the shuttle typical of earlier models of looms.[3] Subsequent patents were taken out by Phillippe and Maurice in 1855, W.S. Laycock in 1869, and W. Glover in 1874, with rigid rapiers being perfected by O. Hallensleben in 1899. The main breakthrough came in 1922 when John Gabler invented the principle of loop transfer in the middle of the shed.[4] Flexible rapiers of the type used today were proposed in 1925 by the Spanish inventor R.G. Moya, while R. Dewas introduced the idea of grasping the weft at its tip by the giver or a carrier rapier and transferring it to the taker or a receiver in the middle of the shed. It was not until the 1950s and 1960s that rapier weaving became fully commercialized, with loom technology developing rapidly. [5]
^zARDADKHANY, 19mohamad97. "Recent Developments in Rapier Weaving Machines in Textiles". {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
^Tumer, S.T. (February 29, 1988). "Filling Insertion by Rapier: A Kinematic Model". Textile Research Journal. 58 (12): 726–734. doi:10.1177/004051758805801207. S2CID 137878005. Retrieved July 7, 2016.
^Adanur, Sabit (May 1991). "Analysis of Yarn Tension in Air-Jet Filling Insertion". Textile Research Journal. 61 (5): 259–266. doi:10.1177/004051759106100503. S2CID 138198389.
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February 15, 2024
rapier, loom, this, article, needs, additional, citations, verification, please, help, improve, this, article, adding, citations, reliable, sources, unsourced, material, challenged, removed, find, sources, news, newspapers, books, scholar, jstor, 2012, learn, . This article needs additional citations for verification Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources Unsourced material may be challenged and removed Find sources Rapier loom news newspapers books scholar JSTOR May 2012 Learn how and when to remove this template message A rapier loom is a shuttleless weaving loom in which the filling yarn is carried through the shed of warp yarns to the other side of the loom by finger like carriers called rapiers 1 A Ruti Rapier Loom at The Silk MuseumA stationary package of yarn is used to supply the weft yarns in the rapier machine One end of a rapier a rod or steel tape carries the weft yarn The other end of the rapier is connected to the control system The rapier moves across the width of the fabric carrying the weft yarn across through the shed to the opposite side The rapier is then retracted leaving the new pick in place In some versions of the loom two rapiers are used each half the width of the fabric in size One rapier carries the yarn to the center of the shed where the opposing rapier picks up the yarn and carries it the remainder of the way across the shed 2 The double rapier is used more frequently than the single rapier due to its increased pick insertion speed and ability to weave wider widths of fabric The housing for the rapiers must take up as much space as the width of the machine To overcome this problem looms with flexible rapiers have been devised The flexible rapier can be coiled as it is withdrawn therefore requiring less storage space If however the rapier is too stiff then it will not coil if it is too flexible it will buckle Rigid and flexible rapier machines operate at speeds ranging from about 200 to 260 ppm using up to 1 300 meters of weft yarn every minute They have a noise level similar to that of modern projectile looms They can produce a wide variety of fabrics ranging from muslin to drapery and upholstery materials Newer rapier machines are built with two distinct weaving areas for two separate fabrics On such machines one rapier picks up the yarn from the centre between the two fabrics and carries it across one weaving area as it finishes laying that pick the opposite end of the rapier picks up another yarn from the centre and the rapier moves in the other direction to lay a pick for the second weaving area on the other half of the machine Rapier machines weave more rapidly than most shuttle machines but more slowly than most other projectile machines An important advantage of rapier machines is their flexibility which permits the laying of picks of different colours They also weave yarns of any type of fiber and can weave fabrics up to 110 inches in width without modification Contents 1 History of the rapier loom 2 See also 3 References 4 External linksHistory of the rapier loom editThe development of the rapier loom began in 1844 when John Smith of Salford was granted a patent on a loom design that eliminated the shuttle typical of earlier models of looms 3 Subsequent patents were taken out by Phillippe and Maurice in 1855 W S Laycock in 1869 and W Glover in 1874 with rigid rapiers being perfected by O Hallensleben in 1899 The main breakthrough came in 1922 when John Gabler invented the principle of loop transfer in the middle of the shed 4 Flexible rapiers of the type used today were proposed in 1925 by the Spanish inventor R G Moya while R Dewas introduced the idea of grasping the weft at its tip by the giver or a carrier rapier and transferring it to the taker or a receiver in the middle of the shed It was not until the 1950s and 1960s that rapier weaving became fully commercialized with loom technology developing rapidly 5 See also editDobby loom Jacquard loom Paul Moody Northrop Loom Textile manufacture during the Industrial RevolutionReferences edit Rapier Looms Rapier Looms Weaving and Flexible Rapier Looms www rapierloom in Retrieved 2016 07 07 Weave Tech India zARDADKHANY 19mohamad97 Recent Developments in Rapier Weaving Machines in Textiles a href Template Cite journal html title Template Cite journal cite journal a Cite journal requires journal help CS1 maint numeric names authors list link Tumer S T February 29 1988 Filling Insertion by Rapier A Kinematic Model Textile Research Journal 58 12 726 734 doi 10 1177 004051758805801207 S2CID 137878005 Retrieved July 7 2016 Adanur Sabit May 1991 Analysis of Yarn Tension in Air Jet Filling Insertion Textile Research Journal 61 5 259 266 doi 10 1177 004051759106100503 S2CID 138198389 External links edit nbsp Wikimedia Commons has media related to Rapier looms rapier loom weaving Britannica com The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica July 20 1998 a href Template Cite web html title Template Cite web cite web a CS1 maint others link Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Rapier loom amp oldid 1140966241, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
