Ramón Ormazábal Tife (1910 – 5 July 1982) was a Basque communist politician who was a founding member and leader of the Communist Party of the Basque Country (Euskadiko Partidu Komunista, EPK).
Ramón Ormazábal Tife was born in Irun, Gipuzkoa, in 1910. He began working in Hendaye at the age of twelve, where he soon joined communist circles. He became a communist activist in Irun. After the failed insurrection of 1934 he had to flee Pamplona.[1] When the Spanish Communist Party (Partido Comunista Español), PCE) was formed as a national organization in the spring of 1935 Ramón Ormazábal settled in Biscay.[1] There he was a founding member of the Communist Party of the Basque Country (Euskadiko Partidu Komunista, EPK) in 1935.[2] He was against the autonomy of the EPK from the PCE proposed by Juan Astigarrabía, who was expelled from the party for "nationalist deviation".[1]
War Years: 1936–45edit
When the Spanish Civil War (1936–39) began Ormazábal became a member of the Basque Defense Council before it was formally constituted by the Basque government. He was the director of the journal Euzkadi Roja (Red Basque Country), the organ of the Spanish Communist Party. At the end of the civil war he was arrested in 1939 in Alicante. A year later he escaped from prison in Valencia and went into exile, first in the United States and then in South America, where he became a communist organizer.[1]
Later career: 1945–82edit
After World War II (1939–45) Ormazábal moved to France in 1946, and continued to work for the party in exile and clandestinely in Spain, He was arrested in 1962, accused of being one of the leaders of the strikes that year in Gipuzkoa and Biscay, and sentenced to 20 years in prison.[2] He was one of ten members of the FUL who were sentenced at a summary court martial on 21 September 1962.[3]
Ormazábal was released in 1970 after eight years and made secretary general of the party in France, holding this office until the 1977 Congress of the Communist Party of the Basque Country in 1977. He was replaced by Roberto Lertxundi as secretary general of the EPK at the party's third congress, which was held in the spring of 1977 in Bilbao.[2] The congress took place after the PCE performed dismally in the elections in Basque Country. Lertxundi, a physician and former member of the armed Euzkadi Ta Azkatasuna (ETA) group, was thought to be more in touch with the electorate.[4] Ormazábal was elected president at this congress, and was reelected president in the congress of 1981.[1] He died from a heart attack in Bilbao on 5 July 1982 at the age of 72.[2]
Boggs, Carl; Plotke, David (1980). Politics of Eurocommunism. Black Rose Books Ltd. ISBN978-0-919618-31-2. Retrieved 2015-08-05.
Christie, Stuart (2002). My Granny Made Me an Anarchist: The Cultural and Political Formation of a West of Scotland "baby-boomer". ChristieBooks.com. ISBN978-1-873976-14-2. Retrieved 2015-08-05.
Patxo Unzueta (1982-07-06). "Falleció Ramon Ormazábal, presidente del Partido Comunista de Euskadi". El País (in Spanish). Bilbao. Retrieved 2015-08-05.
"Ramón Ormazabal Tife". Auñamendi Eusko Entziklopedia (in Spanish). Retrieved 2015-08-05.
April 18, 2024
ramón, ormazábal, tife, 1910, july, 1982, basque, communist, politician, founding, member, leader, communist, party, basque, country, euskadiko, partidu, komunista, ramón, ormazabal, tifeborn1910irun, gipuzkoa, spaindied5, july, 1982bilbao, biscay, spainnation. Ramon Ormazabal Tife 1910 5 July 1982 was a Basque communist politician who was a founding member and leader of the Communist Party of the Basque Country Euskadiko Partidu Komunista EPK Ramon Ormazabal TifeBorn1910Irun Gipuzkoa SpainDied5 July 1982Bilbao Biscay SpainNationalitySpanishOccupationPoliticianKnown forEPK secretary general Contents 1 Early years 1910 36 2 War Years 1936 45 3 Later career 1945 82 4 References 5 SourcesEarly years 1910 36 editRamon Ormazabal Tife was born in Irun Gipuzkoa in 1910 He began working in Hendaye at the age of twelve where he soon joined communist circles He became a communist activist in Irun After the failed insurrection of 1934 he had to flee Pamplona 1 When the Spanish Communist Party Partido Comunista Espanol PCE was formed as a national organization in the spring of 1935 Ramon Ormazabal settled in Biscay 1 There he was a founding member of the Communist Party of the Basque Country Euskadiko Partidu Komunista EPK in 1935 2 He was against the autonomy of the EPK from the PCE proposed by Juan Astigarrabia who was expelled from the party for nationalist deviation 1 War Years 1936 45 editWhen the Spanish Civil War 1936 39 began Ormazabal became a member of the Basque Defense Council before it was formally constituted by the Basque government He was the director of the journal Euzkadi Roja Red Basque Country the organ of the Spanish Communist Party At the end of the civil war he was arrested in 1939 in Alicante A year later he escaped from prison in Valencia and went into exile first in the United States and then in South America where he became a communist organizer 1 Later career 1945 82 editAfter World War II 1939 45 Ormazabal moved to France in 1946 and continued to work for the party in exile and clandestinely in Spain He was arrested in 1962 accused of being one of the leaders of the strikes that year in Gipuzkoa and Biscay and sentenced to 20 years in prison 2 He was one of ten members of the FUL who were sentenced at a summary court martial on 21 September 1962 3 Ormazabal was released in 1970 after eight years and made secretary general of the party in France holding this office until the 1977 Congress of the Communist Party of the Basque Country in 1977 He was replaced by Roberto Lertxundi as secretary general of the EPK at the party s third congress which was held in the spring of 1977 in Bilbao 2 The congress took place after the PCE performed dismally in the elections in Basque Country Lertxundi a physician and former member of the armed Euzkadi Ta Azkatasuna ETA group was thought to be more in touch with the electorate 4 Ormazabal was elected president at this congress and was reelected president in the congress of 1981 1 He died from a heart attack in Bilbao on 5 July 1982 at the age of 72 2 References edit a b c d e Ramon Ormazabal Tife Aunamendi Eusko a b c d Patxo Unzueta 1982 Christie 2002 p 228 Boggs amp Plotke 1980 p 89 Sources editBoggs Carl Plotke David 1980 Politics of Eurocommunism Black Rose Books Ltd ISBN 978 0 919618 31 2 Retrieved 2015 08 05 Christie Stuart 2002 My Granny Made Me an Anarchist The Cultural and Political Formation of a West of Scotland baby boomer ChristieBooks com ISBN 978 1 873976 14 2 Retrieved 2015 08 05 Patxo Unzueta 1982 07 06 Fallecio Ramon Ormazabal presidente del Partido Comunista de Euskadi El Pais in Spanish Bilbao Retrieved 2015 08 05 Ramon Ormazabal Tife Aunamendi Eusko Entziklopedia in Spanish Retrieved 2015 08 05 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Ramon Ormazabal amp oldid 1186694272, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
