Rıza Tevfik Bey (Rıza Tevfik Bölükbaşı after the Turkish Surname Law of 1934; 1869 – 31 December 1949) was an Ottoman and later Turkishphilosopher, poet, politician of liberal signature[1] and a community leader (for some members among the Bektashi community) of the late-19th-century and early-20th-century. A polyglot,[2] he is most remembered in Turkey for being one of the four Ottoman signatories of the disastrous Treaty of Sèvres, for which reason he was included in 1923 among the 150 personae non gratae of Turkey, and he spent 20 years in exile until he was given amnesty by Turkey in 1943.
Rıza Tevfik in his early daysRıza Tevfik departing to London in 1912
Rıza Tevfik was born in 1869 in Mustafapaşa, today Svilengrad in Bulgaria, to an Albanian father originally from Dibra[3] and Circassian mother,[4][5][6] who died when he was young.[3] He had a brother Besim, who would later commit suicide in Edirne.[7] Placed in a Jewish school in Constantinople by his father, who was a prefect, Rıza Tevfik learned Spanish and French at an early age. He was remarked as a restless personality during his student years, first in the famed Galatasaray High School, and then in the Imperial School of Medicine (Tıbbiye), and he was arrested and incarcerated several times, not falling short of inciting fellow inmates to revolt during his prison months. He could graduate at the age thirty and became a doctor. In 1907, he joined the Committee of Union and Progress (CUP), and was one of that party's deputies for Edirne[7] in the Chamber of Deputies (the popularly elected lower house of the re-established Ottoman Parliament) of 1908. He split with the CUP in 1911, joining for a short while the newly founded opposition Freedom and Accord Party (Liberal Entente),[2] and was vehemently opposed to its entry of the Ottoman Empire into World War I.
Rıza Tevfik was named the Minister of Education of the Ottoman Empire (Turkish: Maarif Nazırı) in several cabinets (11 November 1918 – 12 January 1919)[2] formed after the fall of the CUP and the Ottoman Empire's defeat in World War I. He was also appointed to the Senate (the upper house of the Ottoman Parliament) by the sultan, of which he became President twice (24 May – 18 June 1919 and 31 July – 21 October 1920).
Rıza Tevfik lived in the United States, Cyprus, Hejaz, Jordan (where he was made the director of the National Museum and Library in 1925), and Lebanon during the following 20 years, until he could return to Turkey in the frame of a 1943 amnesty.[2] He adopted the last name Bölükbaşı after the 1934 Surname Law. In the meantime, he had had his collection of poetry published in Nicosia.
He resumed work as a university professor in Istanbul until his death on 31 December 1949.[2] Aside from his poetry and his articles on philosophy, he is also notable for his translations into Turkish for most of the poems of Omar Khayyam.
Referencesedit
Notesedit
^Markham, Ian S.; Sayilgan, Zeyneb (2017). The Companion to Said Nursi Studies. Pickwick Publications. ISBN978-1-4982-9222-1.
^ abcdeÖzoğlu, Hakan (24 June 2011). From Caliphate to Secular State: Power Struggle in the Early Turkish Republic: Power Struggle in the Early Turkish Republic. ABC-CLIO. p. 48. ISBN978-0-313-37957-4.
^ abBahanur Garan (2013), TANZİMAT'TAN CUMHURİYET'E TÜRK ŞİİRİNDE BALKANLAR [THE BALKANS IN THE TURKISH POETRY FROM TANZIMAT TO THE REPUBLIC] (PDF) (in Turkish), Ancara: Hacettepe University Institute of Social Sciences, Rıza Tevfik, babasının görevi üzerine bulunduğu Edirne vilayetine bağlı Cisr-i Mustafapaşa (Tsaribrob) kazasında dünyaya gelir. Babası Gega denilen şimal Arnavutlarından olan Hoca Mehmet Tevfik Efendi, dedesi ise Debre-i Ahmet Durmuş Bölükbaşı. ..."Rıza Tevfik‟in şiire karşı ciddi şekilde asıl ilgisi, henüz küçük yaşta annesinin ölümü üzerine ailesiyle birlikte gelip yerleştikleri Gelibolu‟da uyanır. [Rıza Tevfik was born in Cisr-i Mustafapaşa (Tsaribrob), in Edirne province, where his father was assigned. His father's name is Hoca Mehmet Tevfik Efendi, who is an Albanian, and his grandfather is Debre-i Ahmet Durmuş Bölükbaşı. ...His serious interest in poetry awakens in Gallipoli, where he and his family settled upon the death of his mother at an early age.]
^Rıza Tevfik (1950). Bütün cepheleriyle Rıza Tevfik: şiirler, makaleler, hatıralar. Halk Basımevi. p. 8. Rıza Tevfik'in Hayatı ve Eserleri 1868 yılında Rumelinin Mustafapaşa köprüsünde doğan Bm Tevfik Bölükbaşı, baba cihetile Arnavut, ana cihetile Çerkeş olup bu ciheti şu beytiyle açıklamıştır: Babam Arnavuddu, anam Çerkeş Bilmiyen varsa...
^Hilmi Yücebaş; Rıza Tevfik (1958). Filozof Rıza Tevfik: hayatı, şiirleri, hâtıraları. p. 6. ...1868 yılında Rumelinin Cisr-i Mustafa paşa (Tsaribrod) kasabasında doğan Rıza Tevfik Bölükbaşı. baba cihetiyle Arnavut, ..
^Refik Ahmet Sevengil (1968). Türk tiyatrosu tarihi: Neşrutiyettiyatrosu. Maarif Basımevi. p. 8. ...sonraları tanınmış şair Rıza Tevfik Bölükbaşı (Arnavut ve göçmen)..
^ abSüssheim, Karl (2002). The Diary of Karl Süssheim (1878-1947): Orientalist Between Munich and Istanbul. Franz Steiner Verlag. p. 56. ISBN978-3-515-07573-2.
Sourcesedit
Feylesof Riza (S.T. Wasti) Middle Eastern Studies, April 2002
December 17, 2023
rıza, tevfik, bölükbaşı, rıza, tevfik, after, turkish, surname, 1934, 1869, december, 1949, ottoman, later, turkish, philosopher, poet, politician, liberal, signature, community, leader, some, members, among, bektashi, community, late, 19th, century, early, 20. Riza Tevfik Bey Riza Tevfik Bolukbasi after the Turkish Surname Law of 1934 1869 31 December 1949 was an Ottoman and later Turkish philosopher poet politician of liberal signature 1 and a community leader for some members among the Bektashi community of the late 19th century and early 20th century A polyglot 2 he is most remembered in Turkey for being one of the four Ottoman signatories of the disastrous Treaty of Sevres for which reason he was included in 1923 among the 150 personae non gratae of Turkey and he spent 20 years in exile until he was given amnesty by Turkey in 1943 Riza Tevfik Bolukbasi BeyRiza Tevfik in 1910Personal detailsBorn1869Mustafapasa Ottoman Empirenow Svilengrad BulgariaDied31 December 1949Istanbul TurkeyOccupationPolitician Contents 1 Early life and career 2 Political career in the Ottoman Empire 3 Exile return to Turkey and death 4 References 4 1 Notes 4 2 SourcesEarly life and career edit nbsp Riza Tevfik in his early days nbsp Riza Tevfik departing to London in 1912Riza Tevfik was born in 1869 in Mustafapasa today Svilengrad in Bulgaria to an Albanian father originally from Dibra 3 and Circassian mother 4 5 6 who died when he was young 3 He had a brother Besim who would later commit suicide in Edirne 7 Placed in a Jewish school in Constantinople by his father who was a prefect Riza Tevfik learned Spanish and French at an early age He was remarked as a restless personality during his student years first in the famed Galatasaray High School and then in the Imperial School of Medicine Tibbiye and he was arrested and incarcerated several times not falling short of inciting fellow inmates to revolt during his prison months He could graduate at the age thirty and became a doctor In 1907 he joined the Committee of Union and Progress CUP and was one of that party s deputies for Edirne 7 in the Chamber of Deputies the popularly elected lower house of the re established Ottoman Parliament of 1908 He split with the CUP in 1911 joining for a short while the newly founded opposition Freedom and Accord Party Liberal Entente 2 and was vehemently opposed to its entry of the Ottoman Empire into World War I Political career in the Ottoman Empire edit nbsp Riza Tevfik far left with the three other representatives at the Treaty of Sevres the grand vizier Damat Ferid Pasha the Ottoman education minister Mehmed Hadi Pasha and the ambassador Resad Halis on board an Allied warship taking them to the Paris Peace ConferenceRiza Tevfik was named the Minister of Education of the Ottoman Empire Turkish Maarif Naziri in several cabinets 11 November 1918 12 January 1919 2 formed after the fall of the CUP and the Ottoman Empire s defeat in World War I He was also appointed to the Senate the upper house of the Ottoman Parliament by the sultan of which he became President twice 24 May 18 June 1919 and 31 July 21 October 1920 He was one of the four signatories of the stillborn Treaty of Sevres being included in the delegation to the Paris Peace Conference by the grand vizier Damat Ferid Pasha although he occupied no official position at the time of the negotiations simply being a professor in Istanbul University Since he was one of the signatories of the abortive treaty he was included in the 150 persona non grata of Turkey after the Turkish victory in the Turkish War of Independence and he had to leave Turkey in late 1922 Exile return to Turkey and death editRiza Tevfik lived in the United States Cyprus Hejaz Jordan where he was made the director of the National Museum and Library in 1925 and Lebanon during the following 20 years until he could return to Turkey in the frame of a 1943 amnesty 2 He adopted the last name Bolukbasi after the 1934 Surname Law In the meantime he had had his collection of poetry published in Nicosia He resumed work as a university professor in Istanbul until his death on 31 December 1949 2 Aside from his poetry and his articles on philosophy he is also notable for his translations into Turkish for most of the poems of Omar Khayyam References editNotes edit Markham Ian S Sayilgan Zeyneb 2017 The Companion to Said Nursi Studies Pickwick Publications ISBN 978 1 4982 9222 1 a b c d e Ozoglu Hakan 24 June 2011 From Caliphate to Secular State Power Struggle in the Early Turkish Republic Power Struggle in the Early Turkish Republic ABC CLIO p 48 ISBN 978 0 313 37957 4 a b Bahanur Garan 2013 TANZIMAT TAN CUMHURIYET E TURK SIIRINDE BALKANLAR THE BALKANS IN THE TURKISH POETRY FROM TANZIMAT TO THE REPUBLIC PDF in Turkish Ancara Hacettepe University Institute of Social Sciences Riza Tevfik babasinin gorevi uzerine bulundugu Edirne vilayetine bagli Cisr i Mustafapasa Tsaribrob kazasinda dunyaya gelir Babasi Gega denilen simal Arnavutlarindan olan Hoca Mehmet Tevfik Efendi dedesi ise Debre i Ahmet Durmus Bolukbasi Riza Tevfik in siire karsi ciddi sekilde asil ilgisi henuz kucuk yasta annesinin olumu uzerine ailesiyle birlikte gelip yerlestikleri Gelibolu da uyanir Riza Tevfik was born in Cisr i Mustafapasa Tsaribrob in Edirne province where his father was assigned His father s name is Hoca Mehmet Tevfik Efendi who is an Albanian and his grandfather is Debre i Ahmet Durmus Bolukbasi His serious interest in poetry awakens in Gallipoli where he and his family settled upon the death of his mother at an early age Riza Tevfik 1950 Butun cepheleriyle Riza Tevfik siirler makaleler hatiralar Halk Basimevi p 8 Riza Tevfik in Hayati ve Eserleri 1868 yilinda Rumelinin Mustafapasa koprusunde dogan Bm Tevfik Bolukbasi baba cihetile Arnavut ana cihetile Cerkes olup bu ciheti su beytiyle aciklamistir Babam Arnavuddu anam Cerkes Bilmiyen varsa Hilmi Yucebas Riza Tevfik 1958 Filozof Riza Tevfik hayati siirleri hatiralari p 6 1868 yilinda Rumelinin Cisr i Mustafa pasa Tsaribrod kasabasinda dogan Riza Tevfik Bolukbasi baba cihetiyle Arnavut Refik Ahmet Sevengil 1968 Turk tiyatrosu tarihi Nesrutiyettiyatrosu Maarif Basimevi p 8 sonralari taninmis sair Riza Tevfik Bolukbasi Arnavut ve gocmen a b Sussheim Karl 2002 The Diary of Karl Sussheim 1878 1947 Orientalist Between Munich and Istanbul Franz Steiner Verlag p 56 ISBN 978 3 515 07573 2 Sources edit Feylesof Riza S T Wasti Middle Eastern Studies April 2002 Retrieved from https en wikipedia org w index php title Riza Tevfik Bolukbasi amp oldid 1182769436, wikipedia, wiki, book, books, library,
