Queen Janggyeong (Goryeo)
Queen Janggyeong (Korean: 장경왕후 김씨; Hanja: 莊敬王后 金氏), of the Gangneung Kim clan, or also posthumously known as Queen Gyeongsun (경순왕후, 景順王后), was a Goryeo royal family member. Because members of the same clan couldn't get married, she became the 12th reigned Goryeo queen who followed her maternal clan after Queen Gyeonghwa,[1] and the eldest among Marchioness Daeryeong, Queen Uijeong, and Queen Seonjeong.
| Queen Janggyeong 장경왕후 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Crown Princess of Goryeo | |||||||||
| Tenure | 1143–1146 | ||||||||
| Coronation | 1143 | ||||||||
| Successor | Crown Princess Wang | ||||||||
| Queen consort of Goryeo | |||||||||
| Tenure | 1146–c. 1170 | ||||||||
| Coronation | 1146 | ||||||||
| Predecessor | Queen Gongye | ||||||||
| Successor | Queen Jangseon | ||||||||
| Burial | Huireung tomb | ||||||||
| Spouse | |||||||||
| Issue | Crown Prince Hyoryeong Princess Gyeongdeok Princess Anjeong Princess Hwasun | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| House | Kaeseong Wang (by birth) Gangneung Kim (by marriage) | ||||||||
| Father | Wang On, Duke Gangneung | ||||||||
| Mother | Lady Kim of the Gangneung Kim clan | ||||||||
Biography edit
Early Life and Marriage edit
Born the first child and eldest daughter of Duke Gangneung and Lady Kim of the Gangneung Kim clan. Through her father, she was a great-granddaughter of King Munjong. She became a queen consort through her marriage with her second half-cousin once removed, King Uijong as his primary wife.[2] Her younger sisters eventually became Queen Consorts of future Goryeo Kings through their marriages.
Life as Queen Consort and Palace life edit
Although she changed her clan after marriage and became Queen Consort, she was sometimes still recognized by her biological paternal lineage.[3] She married Uijong when he became Crown Prince and thought that she was in a very influential position within the royal family. Meanwhile, after her husband ascended the throne, she then given the Royal title of Princess Heungdeok (흥덕궁주, 興德宮主) in 1151 and two years later, she gave birth to their first son, Crown Prince Hyoryeong, in 1149 whom later formally became Crown Prince in 1153. Besides him, she also bore Uijong their three daughters.[4]
It was said that before Hyoryeong was born, both Kim and Uijong vowed to make "4 Copies of Hwaeom Sutra" (화엄경 4부) using Gold and Silver characters if they had a son. Then, after the prince was born, the second copies was copied and stored in Heungwang Temple, Honggyo-won. At this time, an inauguration ceremony was held. Later in 1170, during Jeong Jung-bu's conspiracy to depose and killed Uijong, the Queen got exiled to Jindo-hyeon and was believed to be assassinated and died there.
Death and Posthumous name edit
It was unknown when the Queen died since there were no records about this, but after her death, she then buried in Huireung Tomb (희릉, 禧陵) along with her husband, King Uijong.
- In October 1253 (40th year reign of King Gojong), named Hye-ja (혜자, 惠資) was added to her Posthumous name.
Family edit
- Father - Wang On, Duke Gangneung (강릉공 왕온) (? - 1146)
- Grandfather - Wang Hwi, Munjong of Goryeo (고려 문종) (29 December 1019 - 2 September 1083)
- Grandmother - Royal Consort Ingyeong of the Incheon Lee clan (인경현비 이씨)[5][6]
- Mother - Lady Kim of the Gangneung Kim clan (강릉 김씨)
- Grandfather - Kim Go (김고, 金沽) (? - 1123)
- Grandmother - Lady Lee of the Incheon Lee clan (인천 이씨)
- Siblings
- Younger sister - Lady Wang of the Kaeseong Wang clan (개성 왕씨)
- Brother-in-law - Wang Gyeong, Marquess Daeryeong (대령후) (1130 - 1167?)
- Younger sister - Queen Uijeong of the Gangneung Kim clan (의정왕후 김씨) (? - 1170?)
- Brother-in-law - Wang Ho, Myeongjong of Goryeo (고려 명종) (8 November 1131 - 3 December 1202)
- Nephew - Wang Oh, Gangjong of Goryeo (고려 강종) (10 May 1152 - 26 August 1213)
- Niece - Princess Yeonhui (연희궁주)
- Nephew-in-law - Wang Jin, Marquess Yeongin (영인후 왕진) (? - 1220)
- Grandnephew - Wang Jeong, Duke Hoean (회안공 정) (? - 1234)
- Grandniece - Queen Seongpyeong of the Im clan (성평왕후 임씨) (? - 25 September 1247)
- Nephew-in-law - Wang Jin, Marquess Yeongin (영인후 왕진) (? - 1220)
- Niece - Princess Suan (수안궁주) (? - 23 June 1199)
- Nephew-in-law - Wang Woo, Marquess Changgwa (창화후 왕우)
- Grandnephew - Wang Hyeon (왕현, 王泫)
- Grandniece - Crown Princess Wang (태자비 왕씨)
- Nephew-in-law - Wang Woo, Marquess Changgwa (창화후 왕우)
- Brother-in-law - Wang Ho, Myeongjong of Goryeo (고려 명종) (8 November 1131 - 3 December 1202)
- Younger sister - Queen Seonjeong of the Gangneung Kim clan (선정왕후 김씨) (? - 1222)
- Brother-in-law - Wang Tak, Sinjong of Goryeo (고려 신종) (11 November 1144 - 15 February 1204)
- Nephew - Wang Yeong, Huijong of Goryeo (고려 희종) (22 June 1181 - 31 August 1237)
- Niece-in-law - Crown Princess Wang (태자비 왕씨); Princess Suan’s daughter
- Niece-in-law - Queen Seongpyeong of the Im clan (성평왕후 임씨) (? - 25 September 1247); Princess Yeonhui’s daughter
- Nephew - Wang Seo, Duke Yangyang (양양공 왕서)
- Niece - Princess Hyohoe (효회공주) (1183 - 1199)
- Niece - Princess Gyeongnyeong (경녕궁주)
- Nephew-in-law - Wang Jeong, Duke Hoean (회안공 정) (? - 1234)
- Nephew - Wang Yeong, Huijong of Goryeo (고려 희종) (22 June 1181 - 31 August 1237)
- Brother-in-law - Wang Tak, Sinjong of Goryeo (고려 신종) (11 November 1144 - 15 February 1204)
- Younger brother - Wang Yeong, Marquess Gonghwa (공화후 왕영) (1126 - 1186)
- Sister-in-law - Princess Seunggyeong (승경궁주) (? - 1158)
- Niece - Lady Wang of the Kaeseong Wang clan (개성 왕씨) (1150 - 1185)
- Nephew - Wang Myeon, Duke Gwangreung (광릉공 왕면) (? - 1218)
- Niece-in-law - Princess Hwasun (화순궁주)
- Sister-in-law - Princess Seunggyeong (승경궁주) (? - 1158)
- Younger brother - Wang Jak (왕작, 王鷟)
- Younger sister - Lady Wang of the Kaeseong Wang clan (개성 왕씨)
- Husband - Wang Hyeon, Uijong of Goryeo (고려 의종) (23 May 1127 - 7 July 1173)
- Mother-in-law - Queen Gongye of the Jangheung Im clan (공예왕후 임씨) (2 October 1109 – 2 December 1183)
- Father-in-law - Wang Hae, Injong of Goryeo (고려 인종) (29 October 1109 - 10 April 1146)
- Issue
- Son - Crown Prince Hyoryeong (효령태자) (4 June 1149 - ?)
- Daughter-in-law - Crown Princess Wang (태자비 왕씨); Princess Deoknyeong’s daughter
- Grandson (태손) (? - 1170)
- Daughter-in-law - Crown Princess Wang (태자비 왕씨); Princess Deoknyeong’s daughter
- Daughter - Princess Gyeongdeok (경덕궁주)
- Son-in-law - Wang Pyeong, Duke Yeonchang (연창공 왕평); Princess Seungdeok’s youngest son
- Daughter - Princess Anjeong (안정궁주)
- Son-in-law - Wang Park (함녕백 왕박) (? - 1185); Princess Seungdeok’s second son
- Daughter - Princess Hwasun (화순궁주)
- Son-in-law - Wang Myeon, Duke Gwangreung (광릉공 왕면) (? - 1218); Princess Seunggyeong’s son
- Son - Crown Prince Hyoryeong (효령태자) (4 June 1149 - ?)
In popular culture edit
- Portrayed by Choi Jung-won in the 2003–2004 KBS TV series Age of Warriors.
References edit
- ^ Kim Kang-dong (2009). "고려전기 后妃의 稱外姓 문제" [Study on maternal name acceptance among the empresses of former Goryeo]. Journal of Korean History 한국사학보 (in Korean) (37): 105–132.
- ^ "의종 후비 장경왕후 김씨". Goryeosa (in Korean). Retrieved September 10, 2021.
- ^ Goryeosa, Volume 17, Uijong's 3rd year, April 1152: "戊寅 王妃王氏生元子.".
- ^ a b "의종 후비 장경왕후 김씨". Goryeosa (in Korean). Retrieved September 10, 2021.
- ^ A first cousin once removed of Queen Wonseong and great-granddaughter of the founder of the Incheon Lee clan
- ^ The sister of Queen Inhye and Royal Consort Injeol. A first cousin once removed of Royal Consort Jeongshin
External links edit
- Queen Janggyeong on Encykorea (in Korean).
- 장경왕후 on Doosan Encyclopedia (in Korean).